1、L3L4讲义：难词及重点词：一、难词及重点词：umbrella伞 my我的ticket票 cloakroom衣帽存放处daughter女儿1.My coat and my umbrella please. Please give me my coat and my umbrella. 2.This is not my umbrella. 3.Is this your umbrella ?4.Is this it ?5.Here is my ticket.1.区分sir/Mr. Mr.需和姓连用，用在姓前，如Mr. WuSir可单独使用，Yes, sir. 与姓连用时，放在姓后, 如Zhang
2、sir. 2.Heres = Here is Heres 区分this is 这是 :This is : 东西在这摆着，静止。 Here is 有动的感觉，“递给”3.Is this it ? it代指上文的umbrella.4.Sorry = Im sorry. 5.My coat and my umbrella please. = Please give me my coat and my umbrella. 含有be动词的否定句 This is not my umbrella. 否定句。口决：变否定很简单，be后not记心间.“not”不，不是，为否定词，否定句的标志。 肯定句变否定句时
3、在系动词后加“not”. is not = isnt. 不是 No, it isnt. 否定回答。 Yes, it is肯定回答L5讲义：too 也 Miss 小姐 student学生 French法国人（的）, 法语，法国的 German 德国人（的），德语，德国的 Japanese：日本人（的），日语，日本的Korean韩国人（的），韩语，韩国的 Chinese: 中国人（的）， 汉语，中国的课文中的人名1.This is Miss Sophie Dupont. 2.Nice to meet you. 3.Shes Chinese,too. 1.Nice to meet you同义句Its
4、 nice to meet you. 答语: Nice to meet you, too. 2.Nice to meet you用于初次于同学，朋友见面等非正式场合。正式场合用：How do you do ? 回答时用How do you do ?3.This is 用于介绍. Eg: Hello, Jim. This is Lucy. 4.new的反义词是 old. 5.国家名，人名等专有名词大写开头字母。如：German, Blake6.personal pronouns: 单数：I 我，you你，he他，she她，it它7.too . 用在句末，用逗号与主句隔开。Eg: I am a g
5、irl. I am a girl, too. 8.she is = shes he is = hes a 与an的用法（一个，一张，一片，一块） a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前。 a desk a peach an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。Eg: an apple an orange _ sun _ English _ American _ student _ hourL6讲义：make 牌子 Swedish瑞典的American美国的Italian意大利的车名What make is it ?Its a/an1. Swedish: 瑞典的，瑞典人，瑞典语American: 美国的，美国人En
6、glish: 英国的，英国人，英语Italian: 意大利的，意大利人，意大利语2. 人称代词转换：Stellashe Aliceshe Hanshe 3. a, an的用法4. Is she a French student or a Swedish student ? She is a French student. 选择疑问句1. 定义：提供两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种2. 构成：“一般疑问句 or 选择成分 ？” or前用升调，or后用降调3. 要用完整的句子回答选择疑问句，两者任选其一，不可用Yes/No回答 Eg: Is it a Japanese car or a Ge
7、rman car ? Its a German car. 7L8讲义：nationality 国籍 keyboard电脑键盘 operator操作人员 engineer 工程师policewoman女警察 air hostess空中小姐 mechanic机械师 hairdresser理发师housewife家庭主妇 taxi-driver出租车司机1.Are you a teacher ?2.What nationality are you ?3.Im Italian/American. 4.Whats your job ?5.Im an engineer. 1.am not不可缩写，肯定回答
8、时不可缩写. Yes, I am. Where are you from ?Whats your nationality ?3.Whats your job ?What are you ?What do you do ?4. 缩写：What is = Whats I am = Im My names = My name is 5.合成词：keyboard handbag blackboard policeman postman hairdresser housewife milkman6. new的反义词old1.Are you a teacher ?的答语为Yes, I am. 含有be动词
9、的句子，在变一般疑问句时，如主语为第一人称I、We，直接变为Are you ? I am a teacher. Are you a teacher ?2.What特殊疑问词引导的句子为特殊疑问句：构成：“特殊疑问词 一般疑问句 ？”What is your name ? 用降调读L9L10讲义：how 怎样well 身体好thin瘦的lazy懒的young 年轻的1.How are you today ?2.Im very well, thank you. And you ?3.How is Emma ?4.Shes very well, too. Helen. 1.Hi熟人见面. Hello
10、陌生人见面 （打招呼用语）2.How are you ?答语：Fine, thank you. Im fine, thank you. Im very well, thank you. Im OK, thanks. 当回问他人时，可用And you 来代替How are you ?回答用Im fine,too. 3.Nice to see you. = Its nice to see you. see同音词sea（海洋）4. fatthin tallshort dirtyclean hotcold oldyoung （反义词）5.缩写：he is = hes she is = shes it
11、is = its 6. Look at 看L11L12讲义：whose 谁的perhaps大概catch 抓住 blouse女衬衫his他的 her她的1.Is this your shirt ?2.Whose shirt is that ?3.Tims shirts white. 4.Here you are. 5.Whose is that shirt ?6.This/That is my/ your/ his/ her1.Whose shirt is that？ Whose is that shirt ? 同义句whose特殊疑问词 （谁的），引导特殊疑问句，用降调2.shirt is
12、= shirts 3.Is this shirt Tims ? 为避免重复，后面省去了shirt. 回答用Yes, it is . 不可用Yes, this is. 要用相应的人称代词。4.Tims shirts white. 第一个s是名词所有格，第二个s是be动词缩写。5.Here you are = Here it is . 6.It is not my shirt. It isnt my shirt. Its not my shirt. 同义句7.catch祈使句，以动词原形开头表命令。名词所有格1.定义：Is this shirt Tims ?英语中有些名词后可加“s”来表示所有关系
13、.带这种词尾的名词形式为该名词的所有格。2.构成：1以s结尾的名词直接在词尾加“” The teachersoffice 不以s结尾的名词直接在词尾加“s” My sisters friend. Childrens toys名词所有格主要用于表示有生命的东西，特别是人或高级动物的名词。3. 形容词性物主代词：my, your, his, her, its 后接名词L13L14讲义：same相同的 colour颜色 come 来 upstairs楼上 smart时髦的，巧妙的 lovely可爱的1. What colours your new dress ? Its green. 2. Come
14、 upstairs and see it . 3. Here it is . 4. Its the same colour. 1. colour （英式） color（美式） What colour is ? 是什么颜色的？ What colour is this shirt ? （复习一下What make/What nationality引导的特殊疑问句）2. Come upstairs and see it. 到楼上来看看 and 不能省略，在此表示目的，是一个祈使句.3. smart: adj. 聪明的 eg: My sister is very smart. 时髦的 eg: Your
15、 dress is very smart. 4. Its the same colour. 它是一样的颜色。 same前一定要加定冠词the. the same 表示相同的。 We are in the same class. Look the same. 5. too. 用于肯定句和疑问句，置于句末，与主句用逗号隔开，译成“也”。 My hats new, too. 6. 指示代词 this, that: this译成“这个”，是近指; that译成“那个”，是远指。 This is my book and that is your book. 祈使句祈使句是表示请求、命令、建议或劝告的句子
16、。 Look ! Here it is ! Come uptairs and see it !2.主语通常是听话者you，习惯上常省略，以动词原形开头，末尾用感叹号或句号，通常用降调。L15L16讲义：these这些 Danish 丹麦人（的），丹麦语（的）Norwegian 挪威人（的），挪威语（的） tourist旅游者customs officer 海关官员Russian 俄罗斯人（的），俄语（的）Dutch荷兰人（的），荷兰语（的）1.Are your friends Danish, too ?2.What colour are your cases ?3.Are these your
17、 cases ?4.Here they are.1.Are you ? 你们是?Eg: Are you English ? Are you students ?肯定回答Yes, We are. 否定回答No, we arent.变肯定句为We are Eg: Are you twins ? We are twins. 2. 人称代词复数： we they you They are Norwegian. 3. 形容词性物主代词复数：our their your Our cases are brown. 4. What colour are your ? 你的是什么颜色的？ What colour
18、 are your shoes ?5.Are these/those your? 这些/那些是你的?these: 这些，this的复数，近指 those: 那些，that的复数，远指 Are these your suits ?可数名词变复数（一）1.名词概念：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念名称的词叫做名词。当名词数大于一时，用复数。2.名词变复数构成：1一般情况下在名词词尾加“s”，bookbooks2以s,sh,x,ch结尾的名词后加 “es”，boxboxes dressdresses3以辅音字母加y结尾的名词把y变成i加 “es”. babybabies3.发音规则：1如果名词词尾的发音
19、是一个清辅音（/s/ / /t/除外），“s”发/s/的音。 books /buks/2如果名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音（/z/ / / / /除外）或元音，“s”发/z/的音。Eg：ties /taIz/ 3如果名词词尾的发音是/s/ /z/ / / / /t/ / /, s发/Iz/的音。 dresses/dresIz/清读清，浊读浊，元音后面也读浊。L17L18讲义：employee雇员 hard-working勤奋的 assistant助手sales reps 推销员本课人名（难词）1.How do you do ?2.What are their jobs ?3.Who is this
20、 young man ?4.Those women are very hard-working.1. employee雇员employer雇主复数直接加s 2. How do you do ?您好.正式打招呼用语，回答也是How do you do ?3. hard-working勤奋的. 反义词是lazy; 这是合成词，类似的还有handbag, pencil-box, homework等。4. What are their jobs ? 他们是做什么的？What do they do ?What are they ?5. Who is this young man ?这个年轻人是谁？由wh
21、o引导的特殊疑问句，用降调读，对人称进行提问。 Who are you ?可数名词变复数（二）1以f,fe结尾的名词变复数，把f,fe变成v,再加es. Eg: housewifehousewives口诀：小偷妻子切面包，半片叶子当做刀，切开里面一条狼，方知自已命难保。2以“o”结尾的名词，一般有生命的名词加es,无生命的加s. radioradios, potatopotatoes3特殊：womanwomen /wImIn/ manmen /men/ 以woman和man结尾的名词把woman变成women, man变成men. postman postmen policewoman pol
22、icewomen特殊：Footfeet mousemice goosegeese toothteeth deerdeer ChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese中日不变英法变，其它s加后边。L19L20讲义：matter事情 tired疲乏，累 thirsty渴 right好，可以 children孩子们open开着的shut 关着的重点句子：1.Whats the matter ?2.Are you all right now ?3.Theres an ice cream man. 二、重要知识点: 怎么啦？ Whats wrong ? Whats up ? = Wh
23、ats happening ? = What happened ? = Whats the trouble ?2.childchildren3.all right 好的Eg: Are you all right now ? Thats all right. 好的，没关系4.openv. 打开Open the door, please. adj. 开着的The door is open. 5. shut v. 关上 Shut the door, please. Shut up ! adj. 关着的 The door is shut.6. long长的, 反义词short7. Look at th
24、em. them是they的宾格。宾格不能做主语, 用在动词和介词之后：Look at them. Excuse me. 8. 总结反义词9. shoeshoesL21L22讲义：give 给 which 哪一个 one 一个 empty空的 sharp尖的，锋利的 blunt钝的 knife 刀1.Give me a book please, Jane. 2.Which book ?3.This one ?1. give v. 给，交给，送给 give sb. sth = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 Give me an apple = Give an apple to m
25、e. 2. Which book ? Which引导的特殊疑问句，译成“哪一个”，这是一种省略形式，全句是Which book do you want ?3. This one ? 句中的one 是不定代词，表示上文提到的单数可数名词，复数形式是ones. 4. knifeknives boxboxes（宾格，形物代）1. 在Give me a book中，动词give后有两个宾语，a book为直接宾语，me为间接宾语，人称代词做宾语时，要用人称代词宾格，如me （I的宾格）， you （you的宾格），him （he的宾格），her （she的宾格），it （it的宾格），us （we的宾
26、格），them （they的宾格）2. 形物代：my, your, his, her, its, our, your, theirL23L24讲义：On 在之上 shelf架子，搁板 cigarette香烟 television电视机 magazine杂志 newspaper 报纸 stereo立体声音响 1.Give me some glasses please, Jane. 2.The ones on the shelf. 3.The pens on the desk. 1.No, not those.句中的those是指those glasses. 2.The ones on the shelf. 本句是省略句，句中ones代表glasses. 3.on the chair/cupboard/shelf. 介词短语 on同at一样，为介词，“介词the名词”介词短语表示方位同L21L22（复数） L25-26一难词及重点词refrigerator electric of middle right left in二重点句子1 There is a refrigerator in
