1、1 虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法。 在“It is important （strange, natural, necessary, essential, urgent, desirable） that”这类句型中，It is suggested（ proposed, decided, required, demanded, requested, determined） that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用 “（should）+动词原形”结构，表示某事是“重要”，“奇怪”，“自然”，“必要”等意义。如：Is important that every person （should） be abl
2、e to speak English.（重要的是每个人能说英语）Eg：It is necessary that he （should） be sent to hospital at once. 有必要马上把他送医院。It is requested that we should start at six oclock.It has been arranged that we should do in the Class Six.（1）. The board deemed it urgent that these files _ right away. A. had to be printed B
3、. should have been printed C. must be printed D. should be printed （2）. It was essential that we _ lease（租约） before the end of the month. A. sig n B. singed C. had signed D. were signing （3）. It is appropriate that some time _thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission. A. devotes to B. devo
4、ted to C. is devoted to D. be devoted to 2. 在suggest（建议）, demand（要求）, order（命令）, propose（建议）, insist（坚持要做）, command（命令）, request（要求）, desire（希望） , recommend（建议）等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用 “（should）+动词原形”，表示建议，要求，命令等。The doctor recommended that Mary （start） the health program as soon as possible.（2008-06）He ins
5、ists that he （should） do morning exercises every day. 他坚持他每天都要早操。3 虚拟语气在表语从句中的用法。当主语为advice, suggestion, order, proposal等词时后接表语从句，表语从句中的谓语动词常用“（should）+动词原形”结构，表示某人建议、劝告、命令等的内容。My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你尽可能经常地练习说英语。在It is （adj.） time （that） ;
6、would rather that 句型中从句的谓语动词常用动词的过去式表示虚拟语气，意思是“该干某事了，时间已经有些晚了”“我宁愿/希望”。从句谓语变化不随主句谓语的变化It is time that we did something to stop pollution.该我们做些什么制止污染的时候了。It is time that Father picked up Lily from the kindergarten.该父亲去幼儿园接莉莉的时候了。Id rather you told me the truth. 我真希望你告诉我真相。 Id rather I didnt see you a
7、gain.我宁愿不再见着你。1. Its high time they _ this road. A. mend B. mended C. must have mended D. will mend 2. Its about time people_ notice of what women did during the war. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take3. Everybody has arrived. Its time we _ the class. A. shall start B. would start C. had sta
8、rted D. started 4. I would rather you _ （go） with me later.07-06Wish的用法wish后面的从句（宾语从句），表示与事实相反的情况（现在、过去或将来），那么从句谓语形式一般为：过去式，过去完成时或would/could+动词原形 I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadnt said that.他希望他没讲哪样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrowif only 与 only ifif 表示“只有” 着重强调only;if only表
9、示“如果” 强调“if”的意思。I wake up only if the alarm clock rings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒来。If only he comes early! 但愿他早点来。时态语态形式时态（主动）语态（被动）一般现在am is are 、do doesAm/is、are done过去Was were、 didWas/were +done将来Willshall + doWill/shall be doneWould +doWould be done完成Have/has +doneHave/has been doneHad+ doneHad been done进行Am/
10、is/are+ doingIs/are being doneWas/were doingWas/were being done将来完成Will have doneWill have been done（1）.The factory recycles the waste paper. Waste paper is recycled by the factory.（2）.Tom wrote this novel. This novel was written by Tom.（3）.The price of the house has been brought down.（4）.I will hav
11、e been here for five years until next year.（5）.The new books will have been lent for four times until next week.非谓语非谓语动词的种类不定式（to do）、 动名词（ doing）、 现在分词（doing）、 过去分词（V-ed）非谓语动词的功能1.不定式相当于名词、形容词或副词的功能。2.动名词相当于名词或形容词的功能。3.现在分词相当于形容词或副词的功能。4.过去分词相当于形容词或副词的功能。非谓语动词在句中所作的成分成分动词形式主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式动名词现在分词过去分
12、词常见的只接动动名做宾语的动词1.主语Theres no use/good/difficulty （in） doing sth.Its no use/good/help/fun +doing sth have difficulty /trouble in doing sth.Its no use （bargain） any more.常见的只接动名词作宾语的动词2. 1 宾语 sb. +V + doing 心想实践两欣赏：Mind, imagine, practise, enjoy, appreciate 逃避冒险两推迟：Escape, avoid, risk, postpone, delay
13、 错过建议两饶恕：Miss, suggest, pardon, forgive 承认停止有否认：Admit, quit, involve, deny 忍受理解两完成：Stand, understand, complete, finish2.2 sb.+动词短语+doing 无法承受禁不住：Cant stand, cant help 停止盼望忙放弃:Leave off ,look forward to, be busy, give up 推迟反对两习惯:Put off, object to, be used to, be accustomed t 值得承认欲献身:Be worth, admit
14、to, feel like, devote to I advise waiting a few more days. 我建议再等几天。They avoided mentioning that name.他们避免提到那个名字。He denied having been there.他否认到过那里。He disliked being laughed at. 他不喜欢别人笑他I cant understand neglecting children like that. 对孩子那样毫不经心，我不能理解 It is +adj+of/for+n/pron to do （for:当adj修饰事时 of:当
15、adj修饰人时）e.g.1）It is difficult for some of you to give up surfing the Internet.2）It is cruel of him to kill the cat.表示人物主观性形容词或赞美性或批评性的形容词 用 OF kind, unkind, careful, careless, good, nice, polite, impolite, rude, right, wrong, thoughtful 细心的, thoughtless, great, grateful, honest, dishonest, clever, w
16、ise, brave, modest, lazy评论性的形容词 用介词 for Possible , important , necessary, essential, difficult, hard, easy, useful接动词不定式的动词一个安排 arrange二个决定 decide, determine 三个同意 agree, promise, undertake 四个要求 ask, beg, claim, demand五个希望： desire expect hope long wish六个打算：aim, attempt, care （dare, prepare），intend （t
17、end, pretend） manage, plan七个学者：scholarseekchoose-hopeoffer-learn-afford-refuse省略to的动词不定式1. 使役动词一感觉 feel二听 hear, listen to三使役 make, have, leT四观察 see, watch, notice, observe（在此四组形式的动词中，在被动式中不能省略to）省略TO的不定式He was seen to do the homework2.短语Can not help but, do nothing （anything） but, do nothing except,
18、 had better, would rather, rather than, can not but, do nothing but Note: 如果but和 except之前的谓语动词不是do 或help，而是其他实意动词， to就不能省略。I felt so embarrassed that I couldnt do anything but there when I first met my present boss.A to sit B sitting C sat D sitdoing/ to do做宾语 1）remember/forget/regret + to do sth. 未
19、有体验 + doing 已有体验 2）stop to do 停下来去做（目的状语） stop doing 停下所做的事 3）go on to do:继续做另一件事 go on doing:继续做同一件事 4）try to do :=try ones best尽力做某事 try doing:尝试做谋事 5）mean to do :想要/打算做谋事 mean doing:意思是，意味着Doing &done分词做状语，若句子的主语与分词所表动作有主动关系，则用现在分词；若句子的主语与分词所表动作之间有被动关系，则用过去分词。现在分词表主动，现在分词表进行；过去分词表被动，过去分词表完成作表语或定语
20、，现在分词修饰物，过去分词修饰人；过去分词单词作定语，修饰名词放在名词之前，过去分词短语作定语，修饰名词放在名词之后。分词作定语 分词前置（前置定语）We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日He is a retired worker.他是位退休的工人 分词后置 -后置定语-（i.分词词组；ii. 个别分词如given, left； iii. 修饰不定代词 something等）There was a girl sitting there.有个女孩坐在那里 This is the question given. 这是所给的问题 There is nothin
21、g interesting. 没有有趣的东西过去分词作定语 与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。1. The first textbook _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written The first textbook which is written for teaching English 2. Whats the language _ in G
22、ermany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speakWhats the language （which is） spoken in German?分词作插入语其结构是固定的，意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。generally speaking一般说来 talking of （speaking of） 说道 strictly speaking 严格的说 judging from 从判断 all things considered 从整体来看 taking all things into consideration全面看来 Judging fr
23、om his face, he must be ill.从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs. 总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。 （speaking 并不是dogs 的动作） 分词作状语分词作状语时，起逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。分词与句中主语形成主动关系，用现在分词；分词与句中主语形成被动关系，用过去分词分词作状语（分词与主句主语的关系）（1）”Cant you read?” Mary said angrily, pointing （point） to the notice.（2） Given （give） mo
24、re attention, the trees could have grown better.（3）Some of the experiments _ in our textbook are difficult to perform.Ato describe B. be described C. describing D. described（4） Customer consider location as the first factor whena decision about buying a house.07-12A make B made C to make D making（5）
25、The general manager sat there,_-to the report from the department. A to listen B listen C being listened D listening（6）They talked to him for hours,_（ Try） to persuade him to change his mind.非谓语动词用做定语（1）.Please give him something . A.eaten B. eating C. to eat D. to be eaten（2）.I need a pen . A. writ
26、ten B. to write C. to write with D. writing with（3）.The room the sea is my grandpas.（房子面向和海是主动关系） A. faced B. facing C. to face D. faces（4）. The woman the clothes over there is my aunt.（动作发出者是the woman） A. washed B. being washed C. To wash D. washing（现在分词表主动）（5）.The bridge, in 1950,broke down in the
27、 flood. A. built B. had built C. building D. to be built（6）.Things are mighter（强大的）than things . A. seen; hearing B. seeing; heard C. to see; to hear D. seen; heardTranslate the following sentences:1.将要到站的火车是从伦敦来的。The train to arrive is from London. 2.今天晚上我还有一些家务要做。I have some housework to do tonight.3.没有什么值得担心的。There is nothing to worry about.4.通向我家乡的那条路非常的窄。The road leading to my hometown is very narrow.5.在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的同桌。The boy playing football on the playground is my deskmates.6.昨晚被警察抓住的那个小偷被投进了监狱。The thief caught by the police last night was put into prison.倒装句专题英语句子按主
