1、伦敦当地人4. nearly/almost adv. 几乎，差不多I have worked here for nearly 10 years.almost everyone 几乎所有人 not nearly=much less than=not at all=far from远非，绝不是There isnt nearly enough time to get there now.5. necessary adj.必要的，必须的，必然的 n.必需品It is necessary for sb. to do sth.If （it is） necessary, you can call on me
2、.It is necessary that （should）6. neck n.脖子，衣领 neck and neck 并驾齐驱，不分上下a round-necked sweater 一件圆领毛衣7. need v./n. 需要They badly need a change.There is no need for sb. to do sth.=sb have no need to do sth. 某人没有必要做某事。There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天没有必要早起。I have no need to open the l
3、etter.我没有必要打开这封信。in need of需要I am in need of some fresh air. 我需要一些新鲜的空气。if need be=if necessary如果有必要/需要There is always food in the freezer if need be. 如有需要，冰箱里总会有事物。8. neither conj.也不 pron.两者都不 adj./adv.两者之中其中任何一者都不的/地They produced two reports, neither of which contained any useful suggestions. 他们制作
4、了两份报告，其中没有一份包含任何有用的建议。neithernor既不也不eitheror 或或9. noise n.噪音noisyadj.喧闹的，吵闹的We had to shout above the noise of traffic.我们不得不高于交通噪音大声喊。voicen. 嗓音in a low/high voice 高声地/低声的She has a good voice.她有好嗓音。sound n.自然界的各种声音Light travels much faster than sound.光传播的比声快。10.normal adj. 正常的 n. 正常normally adv.Its
5、normal to feel tired after such a long trip.normal temperature 正常温度 return to normal=get back to normal 恢复正常common adj.常见的，共同的a common mistake常见错误common sense常识common practice 习惯做法ordinary 普通的（average）ordinary-looking 相貌平平的usual adj. 通常的as usual 和往常一样than usual 比往常更11. nose n. 鼻子a running/runny nose
6、 流鼻涕的鼻子12. nothing pron. 没有什么for nothing=for free 免费的 have nothing to do with 与无关nothing but=just 仅仅，只不过I want nothing but the best for my children.anything but 绝不The hotel was anything but cheap.There is nothing to it.=Its very easy. 很容易。13. notice n.注意，通知 v.注意到take notice of=pay attention to 注意.Do
7、nt take any notice of what you read in the e to my notice 我注意到 put up a notice 公告，通知The bar is closed until further notice. 酒吧关闭，（开业）另行通知。notice sb/sth. do/doing/done 注意到某人做了/正在做某事14. now （that） =since 既然Now that the guests left ,weve got a lot of extra space.既然客人走了，我们有了很多额外的空间。（every） now and then/
8、again=from time to time 不时地It is now or never. 机不可失。15. nowhere adv.无处，任何地方都不 n.无处go/get no where 毫无进展The discussion got nowhere this morning.今天早晨，讨论毫无进展。nowhere to be found/seen/in sight 找不到My ticket is nowhere to be found.Nowhere in the world other thanBritaincan you experience four seasons in a s
9、ingle day. 在世界上，除了英国，在任何地方你都不能在一天中经历四季。O1. object n. 物品，目标，宾语 v.拒绝everyday objects 日常物品her object in life=aim 目标object to sth./doing 反对/不同意Many local people objected to building the new airport. 当地很多人反对修建新机场。objective adj. 客观的2. observe v. 观察，遵守observe sb do sth观察某人做某事observe sb doing sth 观察某人正在做某事o
10、bserve sth done 观察某事被做 observe the law 遵守法律3. obtain vt/vi 获得；得到；存在obtain advice/information/permission（许可）These customs no longer obtain. 这些习俗不再存在了。4. occupy v.占据；占领；居住；使忙碌The house is occupied. 这座房子有人住。The bathroom is occupied. 浴室有人用。The dinner occupied 2 hours. 晚餐占用了两个小时。Many anxieties occupied h
11、is mind.他非常焦虑。occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 某人忙于某事5. occur（occurred, occurred）vi.发生，突然想到When exactly did the accident occur? 事故发生的确切时间是什么时候？sth occurred to/hit/struck sb. 某人突然想到The idea occurred to him in a dream. 在梦里，他想到这个主意。It occurred to me that I had left my keys in the room.我突然想到我把钥匙落在房间
12、里了。It didnt occur to her to ask for help. 她没有想到要寻求帮助。6. offer v.提供，主动提出，出价 n.提供，提议，出价，录取通知书He offered 5000 dollars for the car. 这辆汽车他出价5000美元。offer sb. sth./sth. to sb. 提供某人某物offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事supply sb. with sth.=supply sth. to sb. 提供某人某物 provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.提供某人某物 Thank
13、s for your kind offer of help. 感谢你提供好心的帮助。7. office n. 办公室，办公楼，政府机关，官职officer n. 警官，军官office building/block 办公大楼hold office 占据要职in office/out of office 任职/离职take office 就任，上台The present government took office in 1997.8. official adj. 官方的，正式的 n. 高级官员the official language 官方语言an official affair 公务9. o
14、nce n. 一次 adv. 曾经，从前 conj. 一旦all at once=suddenly 突然at once 立即（just） for once/just this once 仅此一次Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。once more=once again 再一次once upon a time 从前，很久以前（every） once in a while 偶尔，间或10. one n./pron. 一个人/物 num.一，一个one by one 逐个的one after another 一个接一个 one another 相互11. one
15、self pron.自己 of oneself 自动地for oneself 亲自（all） by oneself 单独，独自talk to oneself=think aloud 自言自语enjoy oneself 玩得开心I am not myself today. 我今天身体不舒服。Help yourself to some fish. 随便吃些鱼。12. only adv./adj 仅仅I am an only child. 我是独生子。not onlybut （also） 不仅而且only to do 竟然.（表出乎意料）13. opening n.开始，孔，缝隙，空缺的职位，机会，
16、通路There are several openings in the sales department. 销售部门有一些空缺的职位。The movie has an exciting opening. 这部电影开头很精彩。Have you attended the opening of the Olympic Games? 你参加奥运会的开幕式了吗？We could see the stars through an opening in the roof.我们可以通过屋顶上的缝隙看到星星。Its nice to see the opening of a flower. 看到一朵花开令人很愉快
17、。opening hours/time 营业时间his opening remarks 他的开场白14. operate v.操作，手术operate a computer 操作电脑operating system （计算机）操作系统operate on a patient 给病人手术operating table 手术台operation n.操作，手术in operation 操作中The new rules will come into（开始工作，生效）operation from next week.put sth. into operation/practice 实施15. oppo
18、se v.反对，对抗 oppose sthoppose doing sthbe opposed to sth/doing sth She was/remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.她强烈反对移居国外的注意。16. opposite adj.相反的，对面的，对立的 adv.在对面 prep.在.对面 n.对立面，反义词have the opposite opinion 持相反的观点the opposite of heavy 反义词There is a shop opposite our school.在我们学校对面有一家
19、商店。17. optimistic adj. 乐观的take an optimistic view 抱有乐观的想法be optimistic about18. or conj. 或者，否则 or=or else=otherwise 否则or so 大约Hurry or else we will be late.eitheror 或或 whetheror/or not 无论还是（不是）Hurry, or you will be late. 快点，否则你要迟到了。19. order n.顺序，命令，订单 v. 命令，整理，订购in/out of order 有序/有毛病in order of ti
20、me 按时间顺序order（sb）to do 命令某人做某事 order that（should） in order to do sth./that 为了place an order for 订购order a dish/a carMay I take your order? 您点好菜了吗？20. organise/organize v.组织organisation n.组织a well-organised trip 有组织的，有系统的21. other adj.其他的，另外的 pron.另外一个other than=except （for）=besides 除了the other day/w
21、eek 前几天，前几周another day/time 改天，下次22. otherwise adv.否则，另外 adj.另外的Do it otherwise, please. =Do it in another way，please. 请以另一种方式做。or otherwise 或相反23. out adv.在外，出局 adj.外面的，出局的 prep.向，离去 v.出来 n.出局 out of luck 不走运out of sight 看不见one out of four 四分之一run out 用尽outdoor activities 户外运动eat outdoors 野餐24. ove
22、r prep.在上，超过，越过 adv. 越过，结束take over 接管get over 克服（all ） over again 再次over and again 反复地over=more than 超过over dinner/a coffee 在吃晚饭/喝咖啡期间25. overcome v.战胜，克服overcome the enemyovercome financial problems/a bad habit 克服金融问题/一个坏习惯be overcome with （anger/sorrow） 极其/非常（生气/悲伤）26. overlook v.俯瞰，忽略He seems to have overlooked one important fact. 他看上去忽略了一个重要的事实。27. owe v.欠，归功于owe sb sth =owe sth to sb 欠某人某物，把某事归功于某人owing to =because of 因为，由于28. own adj.自己的 v.拥有owner n.所有者，物主 ownership n.所有权，物主身份a car of my own=my own car 我自己的车He did it on his own 独立地，单独地 I dont own anything of any value. 我没有任何有价值的东西。
