1、形 容 词 和 副 词第三章 形容词与副词 3第一节 用法精要 3模块一：形容词与副词的区别 3考点1：形容词可作定语、表语和宾补 3考点2：有些形容词只能作表语 3考点3：副词通常用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词等 3考点4：个别地点副词也可以作表语，放在be等连系动词之后 3考点5：有些词既可用做形容词也可副词 3考点6：形容词加ly可以变成副词，但以-ly结尾的单词不一定是副词 3考点7：连系动词后接形容词作表语 3考点8：动词+宾语+形容词作宾补 3模块二：形容词在句子中的位置 4考点1：单一形容词通常用于名词的前面作定语，系动词后作表语 4考点2：形容词用来修饰不定代词，要放在这些词
2、的后面 4考点3：多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序 4考点4：形容词短语做定语时要后置 4考点5：enough可做形容词或副词，位置不同 4模块三：副词分类 4考点1：时间副词 4考点2：地点副词 4考点3：方式副词 4考点4：程度副词 4考点5：疑问副词 4考点6：关系副词 5模块四：副词在句子中的位置 5考点1：副词做状语的位置 5考点2：副词做表语的位置 5考点3：副词做定语的位置 5考点4：副词做宾补的位置 5模块五：形容词副词的比较等级变化规则 5考点1：规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 5考点2：不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 6模块六：形容词和副词原级的用法 6考点1：用
3、“as + 形容词/副词原级 + as”表示“前者和后者一样” 6考点2. 用“not + as/so + 形容词/副词原级 + as”表示“前者不如后者” 6考点3：用“倍数 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as”表示一个是另一个的几倍 6模块七：形容词和副词比较等级的用法 6考点1：两者比较用比较级, 三者比较用最高级 6考点2：表达前者超过后者时用“比较级+than”结构 6考点3：表达前者不及后者时，用句型less+ (多音节形/副) + than 6考点4：比较的对象要一致 7考点5： the+最高级+in/of/among表示范围的短语”结构 7考点6：“one of the
4、+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“是中最之一” 7考点7：“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越” 7考点8：the +比较级 + ，the +比较级 + 表示“越，就越” 7考点9：比较级形式可以表示最高级含义的用法 7考点10：修饰形容词比较级的词：much, even, quite, a lot等 8考点11：情境中的含蓄比较 8模块八：常见形容词的用法辨析 8考点1. whole与all 8考点2. all与high, short与low 8考点3. real与true 8考点4. interested与interesting 8考点5. such与so 8考点6. good与well
5、8考点7. nice与fine 9考点8. too much与much too 9考点9. quick、fast与soon 9考点10. lonely与alone 9考点11. other与else 9考点12. special与especial 9考点13. gone、lost、missing 9考点14. living、alive、live、lively 10考点15. sick与ill 10模块九：常见副词的用法辨析 10考点1. how long, how soon, how often, how far 10考点2. hard与 hardly 10考点3. much too与too
6、much 10考点4. too, also与 either 10考点5. too, enough与 so 11考点6. already与 yet 11考点7. ago与before 11考点8. farther与further 11考点9. maybe、possibly与perhaps 11考点10. sometimes、 sometime、 some times与some time 11考点11. too、also、either与nor 11 第三章 形容词与副词第一节 用法精要模块一：形容词与副词的区别形容词是用来修饰或描述名词（或代词），表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词；而用来说明事情
7、发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。考点1：形容词可作定语、表语和宾补如：Li Lei is a good student. （形容词good修饰名词student）China is a great country. （形容词great修饰名词country）The coat is black. （形容词black表示coat的特征）.定语在句中的作用：作 用例 句定 语You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.表 语Your coat is too small.宾语补足语The old wo
8、man keeps everything clean and tidy.考点2：有些形容词只能作表语常见的表语形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep 睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的，等。如：The old man is alone. He is asleep. Dont wake the sleeping baby up. （sleeping作定语，不可用asleep） The man is ill. (正) The ill man is my uncle.(误)考点3：副词通常用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副
9、词等如：We are living happily. He runs slowly. He drove the jeep carefully. 考点4：个别地点副词也可以作表语，放在be等连系动词之后如：Im very sorry he isnt in at the moment. (很抱歉，他此刻不在家)I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years. (我离开家乡有将近20年了) 考点5：有些词既可用做形容词也可副词如：late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等。The road is so wid
10、e that 8 buses can go throw it at a time. Open your mouth wide.考点6：形容词加ly可以变成副词，但以-ly结尾的单词不一定是副词形容词加ly可以变成副词，如：careful-carefully；true-truly；angry -angrily但是，-ly结尾的词有些却是形容词，如：friendly友好的-a friendly smile友好的微笑；lovely可爱的-a lovely girl一位可爱的姑娘 lively活泼的-a lively child一位活泼的小孩；lonely孤独的-a lonely traveller一
11、位孤独的旅客 silly傻的，无聊的-a silly question愚蠢的问题；daily每日的-daily work日常工作 weekly每星期的-a weekly magazine周刊 考点7：连系动词后接形容词作表语并非动词后面都跟副词作状语。连系动词和行为动词不一样，后面可以接形容词作表语，注意区分。常见的连系动词有：状态系动词（be）、持续系动词（keep, remain）、表像系动词(seem)、感官系动词feel, smell, sound, taste、变化系动词(become，get，go，turn，run，grow，come，fall)The weather gets w
12、armer and the days get longer in spring. The fish went bad. 鱼变坏了。This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。 He looks tired. 但是He is looking carefully at the blackboard. 这里look是行为动词，所以后面用副词carefully。考点8：动词+宾语+形容词作宾补动词think , find , make ,feel, believe, consider+宾语+宾补这种结构里，不可以用副词，而要用形容词。They find the st
13、ory interesting. Li Leis words made her angry.I find learning English difficult to learn.模块二：形容词在句子中的位置考点1：单一形容词通常用于名词的前面作定语，系动词后作表语作定语：She is a famous actress. He is a warm-hearted man. 作表语：Monkey is smart. Its hot in summer. You look fine. 考点2：形容词用来修饰不定代词，要放在这些词的后面形容词修饰somebody, someone, something
14、, anybody, anyone, anything, nobody, nothing等复合不定代词的形容词，则必须放在不定代词之后。如：I would like something cheaper. Do you know anyone famous in this field? The police found nothing strange in the room.注意：else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如：Did you see anybody else?你看到别的人了吗？考点3：多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词 2）数词
15、3）性质 4）大小 5）形状6）表示老少，新旧 7）颜色 8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如：His grandpa still lives in this small short house.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。考点4：形容词短语做定语时要后置如：They are the students easy to teach.他们是很容易较的学生。We live in a house much larger than yours.我们住的房子比你们的大得多。考点5：
16、enough可做形容词或副词，位置不同enough用作形容词作定语时，可修饰可数名词或不可数名词，可放在被修饰的名词前或后。如：There are enough seats（seats enough）for them all. 有足够的座位让他们都坐下。enough用作副同，充当形容词或副词修饰语，但必须后置。如：He walks quickly enough to catch up with us.He is careful enough to look after little Betty.模块三：副词分类考点1：时间副词时间副词有now, then, today, tomorrow, y
17、esterday, before, ago, soon, immediately, lately, early, sometimes, often, always, usually, already, yet, ever, never等。时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同时态的时间标志。考点2：地点副词地点副词有outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时不加介词。考点3：方式副词方式副词有quickly, happily,
18、 loudly, suddenly, luckily, badly, easily, fast, again等。方式副词大多由“形容词+ly”构成。考点4：程度副词程度副词有very, quite, rather, too, much, so等。有些程度副词可以修饰形容词原级，有些能修饰形容词比较级。考点5：疑问副词疑问副词有when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far 等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。考点6：关系副词 关系副词有when, where, why, how等。关系副词常用来引导从句。模块四：副词在句
19、子中的位置考点1：副词做状语的位置1. 时间副词：一般放在句首或句尾。early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾, already、just一般放在动词的前面。如：We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow. They have already been to the UK twice. Soon the lost boy found his way back home.2. 频度副词：一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间。但sometimes、often等还可以放在句首或句尾, usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,
20、twice、three times等一般放在句尾。如：Sometimes I get up early.(我有时起得早)The workers usually have lunch at the factory. Take this medicine twice a day.3. 方式副词：一般放在行为动之后。suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。如：Old people can hardly walk as quickly as young people. Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(山洞)4. 地点副词：一般放在句尾。但here
21、、there还可放在句首。如：There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向). The frightened wolf ran away. He walked out quietly and turned back soon. 5. 程度副词：修饰动词时，放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时，放在形容词或副词之前。但注意，enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面；only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如：I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell
22、 me again. It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears. She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.6. 疑问副词：用于对句子的状语进行提问，位置总是在句首。如：When and where were you born? Why did little Edison sit on some eggs? How do you usually go to school? 7. 连接副词：用来引导宾语从句，在从句中作状语。He is still thin
23、king how he is going to kill the cat is still a question. He wondered how he could do it the next day.8. 关系副词：用来引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，如：This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.考点2：副词做表语的位置地点副词一般可以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。如：Im very sorry he is
24、nt in at the moment. Jim is over there.I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.考点3：副词做定语的位置时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语，放在名词的后面。如：People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants. (现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴)Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s. (在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕
25、的日子)考点4：副词做宾补的位置地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。如：Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!Father kept him in and doing his lessons. (父亲把他关在家里做作业)注意： “动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词，则该副词应该放在代词之后。如：He wrote down the word. He wrote it down. 模块五：形容词副词的比较等级变化规则考点1：规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级情 况加 法例 词一 般 情 况直接加 -er ; -esttall
26、-taller-tallestshort-shorter-shortest以e结尾的词加 r ; -stnice-nicer-nicestlatelaterthe latest以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er ; -estdry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviest以一个辅音字母结尾的词辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -estthin-thinner-thinnestfatfatterfattest多音节和部分双音节单词在词前加 more ; mostdelicious -more delicious-most deliciousBeautiful-mor
27、e beautiful-most beautiful考点2：不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级原 级比较级最高级good , wellbetterbestbad , illworseworstmany , muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther / furtherfarthest / furthest模块六：形容词和副词原级的用法考点1：用“as + 形容词/副词原级 + as”表示“前者和后者一样”Celia is as patient as Sue. 西莉亚与苏一样耐心。 Jim draws as well as Tom. 吉姆画得与汤姆一样好。考点2
28、. 用“not + as/so + 形容词/副词原级 + as”表示“前者不如后者”This book isnt as new as that one. 这本书不如那本书新。= That book is newer than this one. 那本书比这本书更新。 Jim doesnt draw as well as Tom. Jim画得没有Tom好。 = Tom draws better than Jim. Tom画地比Jim更好。考点3：用“倍数 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as”表示一个是另一个的几倍 （一半：half；二倍：twice；三倍以上：数字+times）Our sc
29、hool is three times as big as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。The table is twice as long as that one. 这张桌子是那张桌子的两倍长。模块七：形容词和副词比较等级的用法考点1：两者比较用比较级, 三者比较用最高级Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei? (林涛和韩梅谁的书最多？)Which is the heaviest, a pig, a horse or an elephant? (猪、马、象哪个最重？)考点2：表达前者超过后者时用“比较级+than”结构 He is eve
30、n slower than before. （他甚至比以前更慢了。） Our city is much more beautiful than yours. （我们的城市比你们的更漂亮很多。）A modern train travels much faster than a car. (现代的火车比轿车快多了)This book didnt cost me more than that one. (这本书花费我的钱不比那本多) 考点3：表达前者不及后者时，用句型less+ (多音节形/副) + than 如：I think English is less difficult than math
31、s. (我认为英语不比数学难)Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language? (你认为学外语不那么重要吗？) Jim does his homework less carefully than Tom.（吉姆写作业不如汤姆仔细）考点4：比较的对象要一致如：Jims room is much bigger than his sister. （错误，吉姆的房间和他的妹妹无法进行大小比较。）要改为：Jims room is much bigger than his sisters. 体会下列句中比较的对象如何保持一致：The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a p
