1、限制性非限制性定语从句详解练习附答案定语从句用来说明主句中某一名词或代词 （有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分） 而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。一词指引的定语从句1.关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句取代人取代物取代人或物主语Whowhichthat主语Whomwhichthat宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)例 1： This is the detective who came from London.例 2：The book which I am reading is written by
2、 Tomas Hardy.例 3： The desk whose leg is broken is very old.例 4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2关系代词的用法(1)假如先行词是 all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything,little, none 等不定代词，关系代词一般只用 that ，不用 which 。比如：All the people that are present burst into tears.(2) 假如先等词被形容词最高等以及first,l
3、ast,any, only,few, much,no, some, very 等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who ，或whom。例如：(3)非限制性定语从句中， 不可以用关系代词 that, 作宾语用的关系代词也不可以省略。 比如：There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.(4)which 还有一种特别用法，它能够指引从句修饰前面的整个主句，取代主句所表示的整体观点或部分观点。在这类从句中， which 能够作主语，也能够
4、作宾语或表语，多半状况下意思是与 and this 相像，并能够指人。 比如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.(5)that 可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。(6)which 可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特点品性或才能的人。 Which 指引的定语从句能够限制性的，也能够是非限制性的。(7)假如作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which; 假如指集体中的各个成员，则用 who。(8)先行词有两个，一
5、个指人，一个指物，关系代词应当用that 。比如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.(9)假如先行词是 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应当用 who 或 whom，不用 which 。比如：Is there anyone here who will go with youWhere：关于关系副词 where 的观察，趋于一种“地址的模糊化”。当先行词表示某人 / 物的 situation ，或某事发展的 stage ，或
6、表达某事的某个方面时都可用关系副词 where。常有的先行词还有 point ，case 等。3“介词关系代词“是一个广泛使用的构造(1)“介词关系代词“能够指引限制性定语从句， 也能够指引非限制性定语从句。“介词关系代词“构造中的介词能够是 in, on, about, from, for,with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用 whom或 which, 不行用 that 。in which =where for which =why on which = when(2) from where 为“介词关系副词“构造，但也能够指引定语从句。 例如：We stoo
7、d at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town.(3)像 listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。比如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.二关系副词指引的定语从句1关系副词也能够指引定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间 地址或原由。关系副词 when在从句中充任时间状语， where 充任地址状语， why 充任原由状语。2. that 可指引
8、定语从句表示时间地址或原由That 有时能够取代关系副词 when, where 或许 why 指引定语从句表示时间地址或原由，在 that 指引的这类定语从句中， that 也能够省去。三限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1二者差别比较限拟订语从句紧跟先行词， 同先行词这间一般不加逗号， 仅修饰先行词， 能够由关系代词关系副词或 that 来指引。非限制性定语从句仅作增补或说明，用逗号与主句分开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不行用 that 指引。2关系代词和关系副词的选择依照(1)弄清朝替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分 , 作状语的应采用关系副词，作主语宾语或表语的可采用关系代词。3
9、.先行词与定语从句隔绝定语从句一般紧跟在先行词以后， 但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入其余成分，组成先行词与定语从句的隔绝。比如：1)This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.2)He was the only person in this country who was invited四 As 在定语从句中的用法1.引 限制性定 从句和非限制性定 从句（1）as 多与 such 或 the same 用，能够取代先行 是人或物的名 。（ 2）as也可 独使用，引 非限制性定 从句，作用相当于which 。比如：
10、The elephants nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.3）the same that 与 the same as 在乎思上是不一样的。2 As 引 的非限制性定 从句的地点as 引 的非限制性定 从句地点 灵巧，能够位于主句前面中 或后边，一般用逗号与主句分开， 但 which 所引 的非限制性定 从句只好放在主句以后as is known 如所猜想的，尽人皆知， as is often the case 状况经常这样， as is supposedas often happens 种状况经常 生， as is expected 在预料之
11、中。比如：(1)As is expected, the England team won the football match.(2)The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.尽人皆知 , 定 从句能够分 限制性定 从句和非限制性定 从句。 下边 合考例 学 运用非限制性定 从句 注意的几个 ：一、 that 不可以用来引 非限制性定 从句。如：【考例一】 She heard the terrible noise, _brought her heart into hermouth.A. it B. which C. this
12、D. that【分析】 B。后半句 非限制性定 从句，只管先行 noise 属于事物，也不可以用 that 而要用 which 来引 。 which 指代 noise，在从句中作主 。二、除 which 外， 可用 when， where，whose，whom 等引 非限制性定 从句，且各自的用法及差别与它 用在限制性定 从句 同样。如：Next month, when youll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, isapproaching. 下个月马上来 ， 届 你 将在家 度暑期。 (关系副 when 指代表示 的名 next mo
13、nth ，并作从句的状 。 )She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends她.要到澳门去居住，在那边她有几个好友。 (关系副词 where 指代表示地址的名词 Macao，并在从句中作状语。 )【考例二】 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _was veryreasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of whose【分析】选 B。whose 在从句中作表示所属关系
14、的定语，既可指代人，也可指代物。指物时，常可变换为 of which ；指人经常可变换为 of whom 。【考例三】 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm,_many people have gone home.A. whose time B. thatC. on which D. by which time【分析】 先行词 5:30 pm 与 time 之间是一种同位关系，可用 which 来作定语代替。从句中的达成状态，常与 by 短语连用。应选 D。三、在非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词不可以省略。如：
15、He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved as his own mother. 他急迫地想到医院去探望他的继母， 他把继母当自己的亲妈妈同样敬爱。四、非限制性定语从句的关系代词 which，既能够指代前面的先行词，也能够指代前面整句的含义。如：【考例四】 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course,_made the others unhappy.A. who B. whichC. this D.
16、what【分析】选 B。指代 “ Dorothy老是高度评论自己在那场戏中所担当的角色 ”的整个事件。【考例五】 Carol said the work would be done by October,_personally Idoubt very much.A. it B. thatC. when D. which【分析】表示时间的名词 October，用 “我个人特别思疑 ”来修饰，意思不通。应当修饰整个主句， 表示对 “Carol说在十月前能做好这项工作 ”思疑。应选 D。五、指引非限制性定语从句时 as 和 which 的差别：从句置于句首时，非限制性定语从句只好用 as 指引，而置
17、于句末时，二者都能够使用。 如：【考例六】 _is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earthonce every month.A. It B. As C. That D. What【分析】逗号表示为非限制性定语从句。选 B。【考例七】 _is mentioned above, the number of the students in seniorhigh schools is increasing.A. Which B. AsC. That D. It【分析】答案为 B。与考例六同理。非限练习 +详解1.The place _i
18、nterested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. WhichB. whereC. whatD. in which2.Do you know the man _A. whom I spoke B. to who spokeC. I spoke to D. that I spoke3.This is the hotel _last month.A. which they stayedB. at that they stayedC. where they stayed atD. where they stayed4. Do you know the year
19、 _the Chinese Communist Party was foundedA. whichB. thatC. when D. on which5.That is the day _Ill never forget.A. whichB. on whichC. in whichD. when6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in which7. Great changes have taken place since then in the facto
20、ry _we are working.A. where B. thatC. whichD. there8.This is one of the best films _.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talked9.Can you lend me the book _the other dayA. about which you talkedB. which you talkedC. about that you talkedD. th
21、at you talked10. The pen _he is writing is mine.A. with whichB. in whichC. on whichD. by whicharrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. thatengineer _my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom there anyone in your clas
22、s _family is in the countryA. who B. whos C. which D. whosem interested in _you have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. whichwant to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D. asisnt such a man _he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. asis good at English, _we all kn
23、ow.A. that B. as C. whom D. whatMing, _to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went went with him dont like _ as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novelstalked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school.A.
24、 which B. that C. whom D. whatletter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. whoour factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women.A. them B. which C. whom D. whore the only person _Ive ever met _could do it.A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; wholost a book, _
25、I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of thatsummer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world.A. for which B. for that C. in which D. whathave bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.A. that B. which C. as D. itcan never forget the day _
26、we worked together and the day _ wespent together.A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; whenway _he looks at problems is wrong.A. which B. whose C. what D./is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting.A. in which B. with which C. that D. for whichmachine, _for many years, is still
27、working perfectly.A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked afterreason _he didnt come was _he was ill.A. why; that ;why C. for that;that which;whatis working hard, _will make him pass the final exam.whichis not the way _I do it.A./ which
28、whichhave two grammars, _are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of whichwant to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago.A. as was B. which was C. as were D. whichneigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind ofthem.A. who B. which C. that D. itis the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from whichis not such a man _ would leave his work half done.A. that B. which C. who D. as39.You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes. A. / B. why C. w
