1、被动语态完整学习资料被动语态(完整)1 一般现在时一般现在时结构:do/does一般现在时的定义:表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are +V过分Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard by my mother. Knives are used for cutting things. 2 一般过去时一般过去时结构:did(即动词-ed)一般过去时的定义:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况 一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + V过分A new shop
2、 was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3 现在完成时结构:have+动词-ed现在完成时的定义:表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been + V过分This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时一般将来时结构:will / shal+动词原
3、形(do)一般将来时的定义:表示在过去某一时间不可避免将要发生的事情,后来将要发生的事情。 一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + V过分 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 5 现在进行时结构:be+动词-ing现在进行时的定义:表示现在或当前一般时间正在进行的动作。 现在进行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being + V过分Uncle Wang is mending my bike now. My bike is being r
4、epaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. Trees are being planted over there by them. 6 过去进行时结构:was/ were +动词-ing过去进行时的定义:表示在过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作。被动:was/were being done7 现在完成进行时结构:have been+动词-ing现在完成进行时的定义:表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间,延续或重复地出现至今,或将继续延续至将来。被动:have/has been being done比如:The bike has b
5、een being repaired.8过去完成时结构:had+动词-ed过去完成时的定义:表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。被动: had been done 过去完成时的被动过去将来时结构:would/ should+动词原形(do)过去将来时的定义:表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的事。将来进行时结构:will be+动词-ing将来进行时的定义:表示在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。将来完成时结构:will have+动词-ed将来完成时的定义:表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间的动作或状态,或是发生在某个将来时间,但对其后的另一个将来时间
6、有影响的动作或状态。将来完成进行时结构:shall / will have been+动词-ing将来完成进行时的定义:表示从过去的某一时间开始、延续到一个将来时间为止的动作或状态。过去完成进行时结构:had been+动词-ing过去完成进行时的定义:表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态一直在反复进行。过去将来进行时结构:should / would be+动词-ing过去将来进行时的定义:表示就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。过去将来完成进行时结构:should / would have been+动词-ing过去将来完成进行时的定义:表示
7、某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。过去将来完成时结构:should / would have+动词-ed过去将来完成时的定义:表示在过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的动作。4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成:情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. Your homework
8、can be handed in tomorrow. . 7. 不定式的被动语态:to + be + 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. There are twenty more trees to be planted. 三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题: 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 This pen writes well. Thi
9、s new book sells well. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to ,但变为被动语态时,须加上to 。 例:make somebody do somethingsomebody+ be +made to do something 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him. 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 We cant laugh him. He cant be laugh by us.