1、impact n.冲击，碰撞era 时代public health care 公共健康事业traditional Chinese patent medicines and preparations 中成药和中药制剂basic researches 基础研究production 生产marketing 流通 research 研究Identification of species / 品种鉴定identifying 鉴别clarifying 澄清，阐明confused varieties 易混淆的变种false matters 伪品益胃生津，滋阴清热 benefit the stomach, p
2、romote the production of body fluid and remove the excessive heatQuality control and evaluation/质量的控制和评价intensive 加强的，透彻的contents =components, constituentswith great care :小心翼翼地habitat：产地qualitative and quantitative analysis 定性定量分析The methods of research研究方法biotechnology 生物技术molecular biology 分子生物学r
3、emedy: n. 药物，治疗法，赔偿，v.补救，矫正modern scientific methodologies 现代科学方法Strengthen the study of medicinal plant resources 加强药用植物基源研究exploring new resources 开发新的资源re-producting resources 可持续性利用资源conservation of germplasm of the rare and endangered medicinal plants 珍稀濒危药用植物的种质资源保护Carry out the researches on
4、specific biology of medicinal plantsspecific adj. 种的，明确的，特殊的，具有特效的 n. 特效药，详情，特性 Map out GAP （Good Agriculturing Practice） in medicinal cultivationmap out 规划seed quality standards 种子的质量标准processing rules and regulations 加工方法及规范Established standards of quality control and renew methodologycriteria 标准p
5、rotocol 草案foreign matter杂质Apply modern comprehensive multidisciplinary studies on Chinese medicinal plantscomprehensive：综合的，广泛的multidisciplinary：多学科Establish information systems in modern research of Chinese medicinal herbsEthnobotany 人类植物学Ethnopharmacology民族药理学Ethno- 民族，种族semi-colonial and semi-feu
6、dal nation/半殖民半封建的国家constraint and devastation/ 压迫与毁坏the inheritance and development of Chinese troditional medicine /继承和发扬many difficult and complicated diseases 疑难杂症TERMINOLOGY部分要求的词汇中药 Traditional Chinese Medicines中药材 Chinese Materia Medica （CMM）Traditional Chinese Medicinal MaterialsChinese Crud
7、e Drugs 中草药 Traditional Chinese Medicinal Herbs Chinese Herbal Medicines 药用植物学 Medicinal Plants民间药物 Folklore Medicaments Folk Herbs Indigenous Drugs中成药 Traditional Chinese Patent Medicines 中药制剂 Chinese Medicinal Preparations 药用植物学 Pharmaceutical Botany生药学 Pharmacognosy药用植物分类学Pharmaceutical Plant Tax
8、onomy植物化学 Phytochemistry植物化学分类学 Plant Chemotaxonomy药用植物志 Flora of Medicinal Plants 中药药剂学 Traditional Chinese Pharmaceutics 中药炮制学 Science of Processing Chinese Crude Drugs显微生药学 Microscopical Pharmacognosy本草学 herbals药典 pharmacopoeia细胞 cell 细胞壁 cell wall初生壁 primary wall次生壁 secondary wall细胞核 nucleus 质体
9、plastid叶绿体 chloroplast染色体 chromoplast纹孔 pit结晶体 crystal 淀粉粒 starch granule （grain）脐点 hilum（pi.hila）层纹 striation单粒 single starch granule 复粒 compound starch granule半复粒 semi- compound starch granule蛋白质 protein 脂类化合物 lipid 挥发油 volatile oil 苷 glycoside生物碱 alkaloid 皂苷 saponin 萜 terpene 三萜皂苷 triterpenoid黄铜
10、flavonoid蒽醌 anthraquinone 酚 phenol香豆素 coumarin鞣质 rannin 氨基酸 amino acid菊糖 inulin草酸钙结晶 calcium cxalate crystal簇晶 clusrer crystal （cluster,druse）针晶 acicular crystal （needle）Parenchyma 薄壁组织Parenchymatous cell 包庇细胞Epidermal tissue 表皮组织Epidermis 表皮Cuticle 角质层stoma（pl.stomata） 气孔guard cell 保卫细胞subsidiary c
11、ell 副卫细胞非腺毛 non-glandular hair 腺毛 glandular hair 腺鳞 glandular scale 周皮 periderm 木栓层 cork 木栓形成层 cork cambium （phellogen）栓内层 phelloderm皮层 cortex 皮孔 lenticel 形成层 cambium次生木质部 secondary xylem 次生韧皮部secondary phloem分泌组织 secretory tissue 树脂道 resin canal 厚角组织 collenchyma 纤维 fibre （fiber）韧皮纤维 phloem fibre 木纤
12、维 xylem fibre 晶鞘纤维 crystal fibre 木化 lignified 增厚 thickening 增厚细胞壁 thickened wall导管 vessel网纹导管 reticulated vessel具缘纹孔导管 bordered pitted vessel 筛管 sieve tube 维管束 vascular bundle 外韧维管束 collateral bundle 异性维管束 abnormal vascular bundle 形成层成环 cambium ring主根 main （tap ）root 定根 normal root 须根 fibrous root 不
13、定根 adventitious root细根 rootler初生构造 primary structure 次生构造 secondary structure中柱鞘 pericycle 初生木质部 primary xylem髓部 pith 射线 ray植物 phyta科 aceae丹参Pubescent 软毛Stem 4-angled 茎4棱Angled 棱 Leaves opposite 叶对生Verticillate 轮生pseudo- 假的 Racemes 总状花序stamens 雄蕊Gynobasic 着生于基部的 Nutlets 坚果Ellipsoid 椭圆形Vermillion 朱红色
14、 serrate 锯齿状的 Retuse 浅凹形 Falcate 钩状的 Filament 花丝 Style 花柱 Anther 花粉囊 fragile: 脆的 astringent: 收敛性的ferric chloride: 三氯化铁 TS：test solutiondull: 暗的 cortex: 栓皮，皮层 phelloderm: 栓内层a stoppered test tube: 具塞试管 stand for ：静置 residue: 残渣 reference drug:对照药材 CRS：Chemical Reference Standard养心安神：clear heart-fire
15、and remove restlessnessRhizomes short and stout, sometimes with remains of a stem at the apex.根茎短而粗壮，Externally brownish-red or dark brownish-red, rough, longitudinally wrinkled.dissolved on mounting in chloral hydrate solution.（没翻译）Boil 5 g of the powder in 50 ml of water for 1520 minutes, cool and
16、 filter. Concentrate the filtrate on a water bath, dissolve the extract in 35 ml of ethanol, filter. Apply several drops of the filtrate to a piece of filter paper, allow it to dry and examine under ultra-violet light （365nm） , a bright bluish-grey fluorescence is produced. Expose the filter paper t
17、o ammonia vapour for 20 minutes, remove the filter paper and examine again under ultra-violet light （365 nm ）, a pale bluish-green fluorescence is produced.置5g粉末于50ml水中煎煮1520分钟，冷却后过滤.在水浴中浓缩滤液，用35ml乙醇溶解浓缩产物，过滤。将滤液在滤纸上点一些斑点，斑点挥干后在365nm波长紫外光下观察，可看到明亮的蓝灰色荧光。将滤纸置于氨气中20分钟后，在365nm波长紫外光下观察，可见淡蓝绿色荧光。To 0.5 m
18、l of the filtrate obtained from Identification （1） , add 12 drops of ferric chloride TS: a dull green color is produced. 从（1）的滤液中移取0.5ml，加12滴三氯化铁试液：可见滤液变为暗绿色。Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of benzene-ethyl acetate （19:1）
19、as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5l of each of the three solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in air. 照薄层层析色谱方法实验，吸取上述三种溶液各5l，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以苯-乙酸乙酯（19：1）作为展开剂，展开, 取出，晾干。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上显相同颜色的斑点；在与对照品色谱相应位置上，显相同的暗红色斑点。（该部分是老师补充的含量测定的翻译部分，英文当时是老师抄写在黑板上的）照
20、高效液相色谱法（附录 VI D）测定色谱条件及系统适用性试验以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇水（75:25）为流动相；检测波长为270nm。理论塔板数按丹参酮A 峰计算应不低于2000。对照品溶液的制备精密称取丹参酮A 对照品10mg，置于50ml棕色容量瓶中，加甲醇至刻度，摇匀；精密量取2ml，置25ml棕色容量瓶中，加甲醇至刻度，摇匀，即得（每1ml中含丹参酮A 16g）。供试品溶液的制备取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.3g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50ml，称定重量，加热回流1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取继滤液，即得。测定法分别精密吸取对照
21、品溶液、供试品溶液各5l，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。本品按干燥品计算，含丹参酮A （C19H18O3）不得少于0.20。何首乌perennial 多年生的twining 缠绕的plump 丰满的;胖嘟嘟的herbaceous 草质的 petiole 叶柄 blade 叶片cordate 心形的glabrous 无毛的，光滑的 ocrea 托叶鞘 membranous 膜质的terminal: 顶生 axillary： 腋生 panicles：圆锥花序 perianth perin：花被 acheneki:n：瘦果lenticel-like protrusions：皮孔样凸起Texture ：
22、质地fracture：折断面abnormal vascular bundles：异性维管束brocaded ：织成锦缎的starchy：粉性的viscous：粘性的horny：角质样横断面： transverse elongated横切面：transverse section纵切面：longitudinal section Cork 木栓层Phloem 韧皮部Abnormal vascular bundles 异型维管束Cambium 形成层Xylem 木质部pitted vessel：纹孔导管reticulated vessel：网纹导管scalariform vessel:梯纹导管spir
23、al vessel：螺纹导管stellate :星形的elliptical： 椭圆的A perennial twining herb. The end of the root in a irregular plump mass.Stem somewhat woody at the base and much branched at the upperpart,herbaceous.Leave alternate,with a long periole;blade cordate,4-9cm long.2.5-5cm broad ,entire,glabrous;Flowers numerous
24、,in terminal or axillary panicles,small;perianth 5-parted,white,the parts unequal in size.Achene elliptical,3-ridged,covered by the persisting winged perianth.2多年生缠绕草本；根末端肥大呈不整齐块状，红褐色。叶互生，具长柄；叶片心脏形，全缘，表面光滑无毛；托叶鞘膜质。圆锥花序顶生或腋生，花小而密，白色。花被绿白色具三翅。瘦果椭圆形，有三棱。In a mass or irregular fusiform,6-15cm long,4-12c
25、m in diamerer.Externally reddish-brown,shrunken and uneven,shallowly grooved,with transverse elongated lenticels and fine rootler scars.Texture heavy,compact,uneasily broken,fracture pale yellowish-brown or reddish-brown,starchy,bark exhibiting 4-11 subrounded rings of abnormal vascular bundles,form
26、ing brocaded patterns,wood in central part relatively large,some having a woody core.Odourless;taste,bitterish and astringent 块根呈团块状或不规则纺锤形。表面红褐色或红棕色，凹凸不平，有浅沟，并有横长皮孔。质坚实而重，横切面淡红棕色，粉性，皮部常有411个类圆形异常维管束环列，形成“云锦花纹”，中央为一较大的中柱。味微苦、涩。Transverse section:Cork consisting of several layers of cells .filled wit
27、h brown contents.Phloem relatively broad,scattered with 4-11 subrounded abnormal vascular bundles of collateral type,vessels rare in the bundles.In the central part of a root cambium in a ring;vessels in xylem less.Parenchymatous cells containing starch granules块根横切面：木栓层为数列细胞，充满红棕色物。韧皮部较宽广，环形排列异型维管束4-11个，外韧型，导管稀少。中柱形成层成环，木质部导管较少，有少数木纤维，根中心部位导管较多，射线宽。薄壁细胞含草酸钙簇晶，并含淀粉粒。Boil about 0.1g of the powder in 10ml of 10% sodium hydroxide solution for 3 min,cool and filter.Acidify the filtrate with hydrochloric acid,extract with equal quantity of ether, the layers
