1、英语综合教第六册程unit15单词详解ExtractTo take out sth vt. 摘录，提取，拔出，榨出，选取Extract sth (from sb/sth)E.g. extract a cork from a bottle 拔出瓶塞extract oil from olives, sunflower seeds, etc 榨出橄榄 葵花籽等的She extracted passages for the students to translate.她选取了些短文让学生翻译Poems extracted from a modern collection 由一本当代诗集中摘选的诗He
2、tried to extract his pole from the mud.他试图用力将杆子从泥中拔出来。n. 摘录，精华，榨出物Phraseyeast extract酵母抽提物;酵母膏liquid extract液态浸膏;流浸膏剂ether extract醚提取物meat extract肉浓汁;肉汁herbal extract药草浸液fluid extract流浸膏;流浸膏剂back extractn. 反萃取extract instruction抽取指令;chloroform extract氯仿提取物extract ventilation抽气通风extract layer提取层;萃取物层
3、Liver extractn. 药(治贫血用的)aqueous extract水提alcoholic extract酒精提出物saturation extract饱和提取液self-extracting archive自解压档案文件ResignationThe act of giving up your job or position; the occasion when you do this （职务等的）放弃; 辞职Resignation from sthE.g. He is considering resignation (from the Board). 他正考虑辞去（委员会中的）职务
4、.offer, tender, send in, give in, hand in ones resignation 提交辞呈E.g. We havent yet received his resignation. 我们尚未收到他的辞呈patient acceptance or endurance 听任; 顺从: E.g. Accept failure with resignation 情愿承认失败.They accepted the situation in resignation. 他们无可奈何地接受了现状。 Alacrity Prompt and eager readiness n. 敏
5、捷，活泼，乐意E.g. They accepted the offer with alacrity.他们欣然接受了建议。She sprang to the door with alacrity.她敏捷地跳到门口。SynonymCelerityn. 敏捷, 快速Eagernessn. 渴望, 热心enthusiasmn.热情,热心Quicknessn. 急速, 迅速Promptnessn. 敏捷, 迅速Swiftnessn. 迅速, 敏捷Rapidityn. 迅速, 急速smartness 敏捷, 机灵, 现代风格Zealn. 热情, 热忱Brisknessn. 敏捷, 活泼Stall (of
6、an engine) stop suddenly because of insufficient power or speed （指发动机因力量或速度不够）熄火: E.g. The car stalled at the roundabout. 那辆汽车在环形交叉处抛锚了. (of a driver) cause (an engine) to do this （指司机）使（发动机）熄火: E.g. Learner drivers often stall (their cars). 见习司机常造成（汽车）熄火现象. (Of an aircraft) get out of control and s
7、tart to drop because of loss of speed （指飞行器）（因失速）失控下降: E.g. The plane stalled suddenly. 那飞机突然失控下降. (of a pilot) cause (an aircraft) to do this （指飞行器驾驶员）造成（飞行器）失控下降. E.g. An inexperienced pilot can easily stall his plane.没有经验的飞行员很容易使他的飞机失速 avoid giving a definite answer or taking action (in order to
8、get more time); delay 支吾, 拖延（以争取时间）: stall for time 拖延时间 E.g. Stop stalling and give me an answer! 别支支吾吾的了, 快回答我的问题! Avoid answering (a person, request, etc) in this way 对（某人 某要求等）支吾或敷衍: E.g. Every time I ask her to set the date she stalls.我每次请她定一个时间，她总是借故拖延。stall ones creditors 敷衍债主.Phrasestall off
9、失速起飞,拖过Stall-inn. 阻塞交通示威maternity stall产房engine stall发动机停转rotating stall旋转失速complete stall气流完全分离deep stall严重失速stall performance失速特性;分离特性Stall-fedadj. 在厩中养肥的Stall-feedvt. 在畜舍饲养使长肥Avocation: 娱乐， 消遣， 副业， 嗜好E.g. Learning foreign languages is just an avocation with me. 学习外语只不过是我的一项业余爱好。Synonympursuitn.追求
10、,追赶Hobby n.业余爱好 occupationn.职业,占有 Job n.工作,职业Vocation n.职业,行业 Profession n.职业,entertainment.娱乐，文娱节目，表演会careern.生涯,职业;vi.猛冲,飞跑 Amusement n.娱乐,消遣 Pastime n. 消遣,娱乐Savour (savor)n. (pleasant) taste or flavour （美）味; 味道; 滋味; 风味 E.g. Life seems to have lost most of its savour for him. 对他来说，生活似乎已失去了一切乐趣。sav
11、our of sth (no passive 不用於被动语态) have a suggestion or trace of sth (有某种迹象或痕迹（尤指坏事）E.g. Her remarks savour of hypocrisy. 她说的话听起来有点儿虚伪.vt.欣赏（某物）的味道或风味（尤指慢慢地品嗜）E.g. Savour the finest French dishes 品嗜最好的法国菜 He drank the wine slowly, savoring every drop. 他慢慢地喝着酒，细细品尝着每滴酒的滋味。Unanimous Adj. all agreeing on
12、a decision or an opinion全体一致的, 一致同意的Unanimous in sthE.g. The Chinese are unanimous in their condemnation.全中国人民一致提出谴责。 unanimity n complete agreement or unity 一致同意; 全体一致.Unanimously advBlunderstupid or careless mistake （愚蠢的或粗心的）错误E.g. Ive made an awful blunder. 我做了一件大错特错的事.I made a terrible blunder i
13、n introducing her to my husband.我把她介绍给我的丈夫是犯了一个极大的错误。make a blunder 犯（愚蠢的或粗心的）错误: E.g. The police blundered badly by arresting the wrong man. 警方抓错了人, 犯了荒唐的大错. blunder about, around： move about clumsily or uncertainly, as if blind 乱闯; 瞎闯E.g. He blundered about the room, feeling for the light switch.
14、他在房间里磕磕绊绊地摸索电灯的开关. Blunder into sth: walk into or strike sth through clumsiness or inability to see （因笨拙或看不见）碰着某物E.g. In the darkness, he blundered into the hall table. 黑暗中他撞着了大厅里的桌子. Blunderer ：person who makes blunders 犯粗心错误的人.PhraseBlunder on/ uponvt. 侥幸发现(犯大错误)Blunder intoadj. 碰撞Blunder againstv
15、t. 碰撞Blunder awayvt. 抛弃(丧失,浪费掉Blunder outv. 无意中泄露, 不慎说出outright blunder败着. Synonymmistaken.错误,误会;v.误解,弄错stumblev.绊倒,蹒跚;n.绊倒,错误Flounderv. 挣扎, 踌躇; n. 挣.errorn.错误,过失faux pas失礼,失言faux pas失礼,失言bunglev.拙劣地工作,粗率地做goofn.愚蠢的人,愚蠢的错误gaffen.过失,失态Eminent adj. (of a person) famous and distinguished （指人）着名的, 杰出的,
16、卓越的an eminent architect 杰出的建筑师E.g. He is eminent both as a sculptor and as a portrait painter. 他既是着名的雕刻家又是杰出的肖像画家. remarkable; outstanding （指品质 特性）明显的; 显着的; 突出的a man of eminent goodness 品德优良的人.eminently adv obviously; outstandingly 明显地; 显着地; 突出地: E.g. She seems eminently suitable for the job. 她看来极适合
17、做这项工作.Synonymfamous adj.著名的,有名的distinguished adj.卓越的,尊敬的outstanding adj.优秀的,突出的important adj.重要的,重大的prominent adj.显著的,杰出的.noble adj.高贵的,宏伟的well-known adj. 出名的,众所周知的Celebrated adj. 著名的, 声誉卓著.lofty adj.高的,崇高的excellent adj.杰出的,优秀的majestic adj. 宏伟的,高贵的significant adj. 重要的,有意义的renowned adj. 有名的,有声誉的prime
18、 adj.最好的,首要的Miscellaneousadj. of various kinds多方面的，各种的，性质混杂的 ，各种各样的; 不同种类的: miscellaneous items, goods, expenses 杂项 杂货 杂费. of mixed composition or character 不同成分的; 性质混杂的A miscellaneous collection, assortment, selection, etc 多种多样的蒐集 混杂 精选等 E.g. A small boys pockets are likely to contain a miscellaneo
19、us collection of objects. 小男孩的口袋里往往藏有杂七杂八的东西。Synonymmixedadj.混合的,男女混合的Jumbledadj. 混乱的, 乱七八糟.blendedadj. 混合的,混杂的variedadj. 各种各样的assortedadj.各种各样的,各色俱.diverseadj.不同的,多种多样的variousadj.各种各样的disparateadj.不同的,异类的multifariousadj.多种的,各式各样的sundryadj.各种各样的,杂七杂八Eschew vt. (Formal) to deliberately avoid or keep
20、away from sth:避开， 回避， 戒绝E.g. He had eschewed politics in favour of a life practising law.Synonymavoidvt.避免,逃避shunv.避开,回避abjurev.发誓弃绝,公开放弃have nothing to do with与 . 无关steer clear of绕开,避开Give a wide berth tovt. 避开，保持距离,fight shy ofadj. 避开Turn your back onvt. 掉转脸去不理睬abstain fromv. 戒,避免evadev.逃避,躲避elude
21、vt.逃避,躲避These verbs mean to get or stay away from persons or things. （1）Escape can mean to get free or to remain untouched or unaffected by something unwanted: “Let no guilty man escape, if it can be avoided” (Ulysses S. Grant). （2）Avoid always involves an effort to keep away from what is considered
22、 to be a source of danger or difficulty: avoiding strenuous exercise. （3）Shun refers to deliberately keeping clear of what is unwelcome or undesirable: “Family friends she shunned like the plague” (John Galsworthy).（4）Eschew involves staying clear of something because to do otherwise would be unwise
23、 or morally wrong: “Eschew evil, and do good” (Book of Common Prayer). （5）Evade implies adroit maneuvering and sometimes implies dishonesty or irresponsibility: tried to evade jury duty. To elude is to get away from artfully: eluded their pursuers.Assuage make (sth) less severe; soothe 减轻; 缓和; 平息E.g
24、. Your messages of cheer should assuage her suffering.你带来的这些振奋人心的消息一定能减轻她的痛苦。PhraseAssuage ones hunger, thirst, grief, longing, etc 充饥 解渴 减轻悲痛 抑制慾念.To assuage your guilt / fears减少罪恶感、恐惧Synonymalleviatevt.减轻,使 . 缓和Appeasev. 安抚, 缓和allayv.减轻,使 . 缓和easen.容易,悠闲;v.减轻,放松pacifyv.使 . 平静,抚慰pacifyv.使 . 平静,抚慰le
25、ssenv.减少,减轻softenv.(使)变柔和,(使)软化conciliatevt.安抚,调和placatev.抚慰,平息mitigatevt.减轻,缓和tempern.脾气,性情;vt.使缓和.silencen.沉默,寂静;vt.使安静.mollifyv.安慰,安抚Palliatevt. 减轻,缓和lenifyv. 安慰,安抚Pang sudden sharp feeling of pain 突然的剧痛Hunger pangs / pangs of hungern. （肉体上的）剧痛，（精神上的）悲痛，苦闷E.g. She felt an acute pang in her arm.她感
26、到手臂上一阵剧痛。He experienced a pang of sadness.他感到一阵悲痛。He felt the pangs of remorse at the thought of that.一提起那事，他就感到良心的谴责。She was beginning to know the pang of disappointed love.她开始尝到了失恋的痛苦。Stilladj. 静止的，不动的，静寂的adv. 更，仍然，静止地n. 蒸馏器，寂静，定格照To make sth become more calmv. 使.平静下来E.g. The wind stilled.风停止了。She
27、 couldnt still her anxiety. 她无法消除内心的不安.To still sbs doubts / fearsE.g. She spoke quietly to still the frightened child. the still of the night ： the calmness or silence of the night 夜间的寂静.Unrequited Adj. not returned or rewarded（尤指爱情）得不到回应或报答的:E.g. The unrequited love festered in her mind.单恋使她苦恼。 Ph
28、raseunrequited passion 单相思.unrequited export无偿出口unrequited transfer无偿让与Synonymunansweredadj.未予答复的,无响应的One-sidedadj. 单向的, 片面的Unreciprocatedadj. 无报答的, 得不到回应的Snap ones fingers(Snap ones fingers at somebody)捻手指; 表示轻蔑或不在乎弹响手指; 打榧子; 轻视E.g. At the snap of my fingers, the dog will lie down.我一捻响手指狗就躺下。 If yo
29、u continue to snap your fingers at your teachers youll be severely punished.如果你再对老师无礼,就会受到严惩。 Bidto ask someone to do something吩咐（某人）; 告诉:E.g. Do as you are bidden. 按照吩咐你的去做. * E.g. She bade me (to) come in. 她叫我进来. invite (sb) 邀请（某人）: E.g. Guests bidden to (attend) the feast 应邀赴宴的宾客. bid sth to sb :
30、no passive 不用於被动语态:say sth as a greeting, etc 说（问候 打招呼等的话）: biddable adj ready to obey; docile 听话的; 温顺的bid sb good morning 向某人道早安Bid fair to do sth :seem likely to do sth 有做某事的可能: E.g. The plan for a new hospital bids fair to succeed. 兴建新医院的计划有希望成功.【词义辨析】Order, bid, command, order: 普通用词，多指上级对下级，主人对仆人以及教师对学生等发出的命令，也指态度专横地命令他人。bid: 与order同义，但较正式，文学意味强，多指口头直接下的命令。command: 话意强，指正式下令，强调下令者的权威性，要求必须服从。Chronological adj arranged in the order in
