1、英语语法大攻克形容词副词2、常见的不规则变化：原 级 比较级 最高级 good well better best bad badly ill worse worst many much more most little less least far fartherfurther farthestfurthest old olderelder oldesteldest 常见的比较级和最高级的基本句型及其用法：原级的用法：形容词原级的用法：1. 有表示程度的副词very,so, too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级。The boy is too young.2. 表示A与B在某一方
2、面程度相同或不相同时用形容词原级。（1） 肯定句中的结构：A+as+形容词原级+as+BXiao Ming is as tall as Jim. 小明和吉姆一样高。（2） 否定句中的结构：A+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+BThis book isnt as/so new as that one. 这本书不如那本书新。否定句的结构相当于“less+原级+than”.He thinks English is less interesting than Chinese.(3) 表示“A是B的.倍”时，用“A+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构。（1倍：once, 2倍：twice, 3
3、倍以上：数字+times） Our school is three times as big as theirs. 我们的学校是他们学校的3倍大。（4） “half as +形容词原级+as ”表示“是的一半”。Her room is half as big as yours. 她的房间是你的房间的一半大。二、形容词变为副词的规则：1、在形容词词尾直接加“ly”，如:realreally, helpfulhelpfully,carefulcarefully;2、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i，再加-ly，如：busybusily， angryangrily； 3、某些以辅音字母加不发音的
4、e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e，然后再加-y或-ly，如：terribleterribly， truetruly, gentlegently，possiblepossibly；注意：nicenicely, wisewisely, politepolitely 除外。4、有些词是形容词与副词同形的，如low，fast，late，early，much，little， hard；5有些副词有两种形式，但是意义不同：hard作形容词时表示“硬的，困难的“，作副词时表示”努力地，辛苦地，坚硬地，猛烈地”。 hardly为副词，意思是“刚刚，几乎不”。类似的词还有：close意思是近； close
5、ly 意思是仔细地 late意思是晚； lately 意思是最近deep意思是深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是广泛地，在许多地方high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于muchfree的意思是免费；freely 的意思是无限制地另外，friendly， motherly，lovely，daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等词是形容词而非副词。写出下列形容词相应的副词形式。1.gentle_ 2.slow_ 3.busy_ 4.angry_5.polite_ 6.wide_ 7true_ 8
6、.terrible_9.bad_ 10.good_比较级的用法：1、比较级+than Peter is wiser than Sam.彼得比山姆聪明。 The car is more beautiful than that one. 这来辆车比那一辆漂亮。2、形容词比较级前可用much, even, still, any, far, four times, a little等修饰。 Peter is much wiser than Sam.彼得比山姆聪明的多。 The room is a little brighter than that one. 这间房子比那间稍微亮一点。3、比较级+and
7、+比较级 意思是“越来越.”It rains harder and harder.雨下得越来越大。4、The+比较级，the+比较级 意思是“越.就越.” The harder you study, the faster you make progress.你学习越努力，进步就越快。5、比较级+than any other+单数名词. 意思是“比其它的任何一个都更”（这种情况其实是用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。）He is more stupid than any other student in his class.在他班里他比其它任何学生都更愚蠢。She is taller than a
8、ny other girl in the team. 她比队里的其余任何一个女孩都要高。6、表示“比”时，用“倍数+比较级+than 如：I am three years older than you.我比你大三岁。7、表示“两者之间最一个（of the two ）”时，常用“the +比较级”结构。 如：Mary is the taller of the twins.玛丽是双胞胎中较高的那个。最高级的用法：1、有范围修饰的用最高级，如:in, of, among或用从句修饰的句子中。 This is the most expensive of all the watches.在所有这些表中这
9、块最贵。2、序数词+最高级+名词 表示“第几个最的” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二大河流。 The park is the third largest one in Beijing. 这个公园是北京第三大公园。3、one of the+最高级+复数名词 表示“是最之一” America is one of the richest countries in the world.美国是世界上最富有的国家之一。 One of the most beautiful places in Beijing is
10、the Summer Palace. 北京最美丽的地方之一是颐和园。4、形容词最高级前一定要用the，而副词最高级前可省略。 The elephant is the heaviest in the zoo.大象是这个动物园里最重的动物。 She came (the) earliest of all the students.所有学生中她来得最早。（二）、常用副词在句中的位置：1、时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般置于句末。 They met in China last year. 他们去年在中国见面了。Its raining hard outside. 外面雨下得很大。The students
11、are reading English loudly. 学生们在大声朗读英语。2、强调时间时，时间副词可置于句首。 Last year they met in China.3、时间副词和地点副词前一定不要加介词。 She is on her way home. 她正在回家的路上。4、频度副词在句中的位置有两种：（1）实义动词之前：I usually play football on Friday afternoon.我通常周五下午踢足球。I seldom watch TV.我很少看电视。（2）be动词、情态动词和第一助动词之后Mr. Green is always busy.格林先生一直很忙。
12、I have never seen him before.以前我从未见过他。5. 表语形容词1）在句中只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词叫表语形容词。表语形容词大多以元音字母开头。如: afraid( )， alike( ), alive( ), alone( ), asleep( ), awake( ), ill（ ）判断正误：He is an ill man. （ ） She is an afraid girl. ( )The man is ill. ( ) The girl is afraid. ( )2) 常见的系动词除了be外，还有表示变化地get, go, become, turn等，
13、感观动词feel, look, smell, taste等，表示状态的stay, keep 和remain等。3. 形容词后接动词不定式得两种常用句型1）It is +形容词+to do sth. 表示：做某事是怎么样的。在茨句型中，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth. It is dangerous to play with fire.玩火很危险。2) 主语+系动词+形容词+to do：动词不定式作补语 These books are difficult to read. 这些书很难读懂。【中考演练】一. 单项填空1There are many young trees on _
14、sides of the road. A. every B. each C. both D. all2- Its so cold today. - Yes, its _ than it was yesterday. A. more cold B. more colder C. much colder D. cold3Little Tom has _friends, so he often plays alone.A. more B. a little C. many D. few4She isnt so _at maths as you are. A. well B. good C. bett
15、er D. best5Peter writes _of the three. A. better B. best C. good D. well6He is _enough to carry the heavy box. A. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest7I bought _exercise-books with _money. A. a few; a few B. a few; a little C. a little; a few D. a little; a little8The box is _heavy f
16、or the girl _carry. A. too; to B. to; too C. so; that D. no; to9The ice in the lake is about one meter _. Its strong enough to skate on. A. long B. high C. thick D. wide10Wu Lin ran _faster than the other boys in the sports meeting. A. so B. much C. very D. too11. Jone looks so _ today because she h
17、as got an “A” in her maths test. A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily12. The smile on my fathers face showed that he was _ with me. A. sad B. pleased C. angry D. sorry13. -Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? -Certainly, we can buy _ one than this, but _ this. A. a better; better than B. a wo
18、rse; as good as C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; good as14. -This digital camera is really cheap! -The _ the better. Im short of money, you see. A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive15. If you want to learn English well, you must use it as _ as possible. A. often B. long C.
19、 hard D. soon16. Paul has _ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely. A. many B. some C. few D. more17. English people _ use Mr. Before a mans first name. A. never B. usually C. often D. sometimes18. -One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May. -Right. The government spoke _ t
20、hat. A. highly for B. high of C. well of D. highly of19. -Remember this, children. _ careful you are, _ mistakes you will make. -We know, Miss Gao. A. The more; the more B. The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less20. I have _ to do today. A. anything important B. something im
21、portant C. important nothing D. important something.【练习答案】一. 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B【知识点拨】( )1. The news made us very_. All of us began talking_.A. happy, happy B. happy, happily C. happily, happily D.happily, happier.( )2. There is
22、a strange smell in your room. Youd better keep the window_. A.open B.opened C.closes D.closed( )3. Jacks brother doesnt work so _as Jack. A. harder B. hard C. hardly( )4. You _ ever saw compters years ago, but now ther are everywhere. A. sometimes B. almost C. hardly D.hard( )5.Please stay here. Its
23、 raining _ outside. A.hard B.hardly C.heavy ( )6. The food on the plate smells _. You cant eat it. A. delicious B. badly C. bad D.worse( )7.Lily runs _ of all the girls in her class and she won the 100-metre race. A. fastest B. slowest C. the faster D. the slowest( )8. The car is running_.It seems t
24、o be flying. A.more and faster B.more and fast C.fast and fast D.faster and faster ( )9. Beijing has a large population than _ in China. A.any other city B. all the cities C. all other city D. any city ( )10. (07镇江)Jin Yong is one of the greatest oldest _ writer. He is still _. A. living; alive B.li
25、ving; living C.alive; living D.alive; alive【难点巩固】( )1. We all looked _ at the wounded girl and felt quite _. A.sadly; sadly B.sad; sad C.sad; sadly D.sadly; sad( )2.China is larger than _ in Europe. A. any other countries B. any other countryC. the any other country D. any country( )3.This ship is _
26、 that one. A. as twice as large B. as twice large as C. twice large as D. twice as large as( )4.Dont worry. She can look after your pet _. A.careful enough B.enough careful C.carefully enough D.enough carefully( )5.He eats _ food, so he is _ fat. A.much too, too much B.much too, too manyC.too much,
27、much too D.too much, many too( )6.This term well study _ English words than we did last year. A. 30% more B. more 30% C. 30% much D.30% most.( )7.My brother is _ than I. A.three-year old B.three year old C.three years older D.older three years( )8. The result is _ worse than he expected. A. quite B.
28、 much C. more D. veryI have _ friends. They often come to see me.A. a very few B. quite few C. quite a fewBecause of the worst financial crisis, _ people lost their jobs and became _. A. more and more; worry B. more and more; worried C. fewer and fewer; worry D.less and less; worriedIt is _ to work out this physics problem. You neednt ask others. A. enough easy B. easily enough C. easy enough D. very easily_will
