1、第二部分 中考题型研究 阅读理解话题一说明介绍类 Passage 1 Taiwan island, the biggest island of China, is between the South and East China Seas. Almost two thirds of the island is covered by mountains.Traveling in Taiwan, you can do lots of things. In Taipei, you can taste all kinds of delicious food from the mainland, as
2、well as some local delicacies. Standing at the top of Taipei 101, the worlds tallest building until now, you can get a view of the whole city. In Tainan, the oldest city on the island, you can visit different temples. Known as the “City of 100 Temples”，the city in fact has 220 temples in it.Taiwan h
3、as nice natural landscape（景观）as well. Sun and Moon Lake is a beautiful lake. On one side of the island it looks like the sun, on the other side it looks like the moon. That is why people call the lake the Sun and Moon Lake. Ali Mountain is the nearest mountain around Sun and Moon Lake. You can enjoy
4、 a nice experience with Gaoshan people. Its a wonderful place to see a very beautiful sunrise. If you enjoy swimming, fishing, boating and eating delicious fruit and fresh fish, Peng Lake must be a good place to visit. Tayoko Gorge（太鲁阁峡谷） is where the worlds largest continental plate （大陆板块） and larg
5、est oceanic plate meet. In this area you can see mountains, valleys, and hot springs（温泉）, together with fields of rice, oranges and tea.1. “Taipei 101” is _ in the passage.A. a large lakeB. a big city C. a high mountain D. a tall building2. You can enjoy a nice experience with Gaoshan people_A. in T
6、aipei B. in Peng Lake C. on Ali Mountain D. in Tayoko Gorge3. You can see_ in Tayoko Gorge.A. lakes, valleys and hot springs B. mountains, valleys and platesC. mountains, lakes and hot springs D. mountains, valleys and hot springs4. The passage mainly tells us _A. Taiwan has many beautiful valleys a
7、nd lakesB. Taiwan has many big cities and tall buildingsC. Taiwan has much nice human and natural landscapeD. Taiwan has many high mountains and different templesPassage 2 Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America
8、. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 after heavy rains damaged the only power cables in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce.Luckily, researchers at the University of Technolo
9、gy（UT）in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful solution. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light
10、 up an LED light bulb. While that may sound amazing and even impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their food（using the suns energy, water and chemicals from the soil）, they also produce electrons the building blocks of electrical energy. The UT team put special s
11、ticks inside the soil to capture the energy and keep it in the lamps batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge can power a 50watt LED light for two hoursenough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Sap
12、osoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp, believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.1. What are the problems of oil lamps acco
13、rding to Paragraph 1?A. They are difficult to use and create pollution.B. They are expensive to buy and easily damaged.C. They are difficult to repair and produce little light.D. They are expensive to use and can be bad for health.2. The electricity made by the Plant Lamp comes from _.A. plant food
14、B. plant waste C. the soils heat D. the suns energy3. The Plant Lamps inventor believes it could be the most helpful for_A. rainforest communities B. cars C. poor people in cities D. farmers 4. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To report on a new invention. B. To explain a new scientific theory.
15、C. To describe how electricity is made. D. To discuss the problems of poor villages.Passage 3 Some days, dont you think，“Wouldnt it be nice if the laundry（洗衣）would just do itself？” Selfcleaning clothes may sound crazy. But Australian researchers have found a way to make something like this possible!
16、A team at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia, found a way to put special nanostructures（纳米结构）into clothing, which can then clean the clothes. When sunlight hits the nanostructures, they break down the dirt and stains（污渍）that dont belong on your clothes.The nanostructures dont break down the act
17、ual clothing because cotton and the other clothing materials are too strong to be broken down. According to CNN, the researchers cover the clothing in a solution made of silver and copper（铜） nanostuctures. All it takes is 40 minutes of sunlight and your clothes will look as good as new.So if you spi
18、ll on yourself during lunch, you can step outside for a walk, and it will be clean by the time you go inside. It not only makes your life easier, but it can also be good for the environment.According to the US Department of Energy, the average load of laundry uses about 25 gallons（about 94 liters）of
19、 water. Water is a very important resource, so using less of it to wash clothes is better for the environment. But one of the scientists at RMIT University knows more needs to be done.“Theres more work to do before we can start throwing out our washing machines，”said Dr Rajesh Ramanathan，“but this i
20、s a strong foundation（基础）”So whats the next step? Ramanathan wants to either start selling the solution by itself or convincing（说服） clothing makers to treat the clothing with the solution while clothes are being made.1How do the clothing with the nanostructures get cleaned?A. Cotton clothes wash eas
21、ily. B. This kind of clothing washes it by itself.C. The dirt and stains are broken down in the sunlight.D. Silver and copper help to get off the dirt in the dark.2. What do Paragraphs 45 mainly talk about?A. What advantages the selfcleaning clothes have. B. How the selfcleaning clothes work.C. How
22、the selfcleaning clothes are made. D. What helps the selfcleaning clothes work.3. What does the underlined word “solution” in the last paragraph mean?A. Machines.B. Clothes.C. Silver.D. Design.4. What can we learn from the passage?A. Silver and copper sell well. B. The solution is not put into pract
23、ice.C. Clothing makers certainly like the solution. D. We dont need washing machines any more.Passage 4 Its name means “heavenly palace” in Chinese. Tiangong2, Chinas second space lab, was successfully sent into space on September 15.That was less than one month ahead of the 60th anniversary of the
24、birth of Chinas space industry.On Oct. 8, 1956, China started its first missile（导弹）research academy（学院）, kicking off the development of Chinas space industry. Since then, space scientists and engineers have worked toward the dream of making China an aerospace（航空航天的）power.Memorable achievements inclu
25、de Chinas first satellite in 1970, its first manned spacecraft in 2003, its first space walk in 2008, its first space lab Tiangong1 in 2011, and its first lunar（月球的） “soft landing” in 2013. And now, Tiangong2 has drawn China one step closer to its dream of building a space station.Tiangong2 is desig
26、ned to operate for at least two years. It orbits（绕轨道运行） Earth at a height of about 393km above the planets surface.In midOctober, the Shenzhou11 manned spacecraft will carry two astronauts into space to enter Tiangong2. The astronauts will work in the lab for 30 days, doing checkouts and experiments
27、.“Once the space lab mission（任务）comes to an end, China will start building our own space station.” said Zhou Jianping, chief engineer of Chinas manned space program.The space station is planned to be completed by around 2020.When the International Space Station retires in 2024, the Chinese station w
28、ill become a place for “scientific research and international cooperation”， according to Zhou. 1. Tiangong2 is Chinas _ which was successfully sent into space on September 15.A. first space lab B. first manned spacecraft C. second space lab D. second space walk2. The astronauts will work _ in the la
29、b.A. 20 days B. 30 daysC. 30 hoursD. 20 hours3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Chinas first manned spacecraft is in 2003.B. Tiangong2 is designed to operate for at least three years.C. The Shenzhou11 manned spacecraft will carry four astronauts into space.D. The space sta
30、tion is planned to be completed by around 2024.4. From the passage we can know _A. the birth of Chinas space industry B. we have built a space stationC. space station dream is closer D. the lunar “soft landing” only happened in China Passage 5 The Chinese womens volleyball team has won! After more t
31、han 30 years of striving through hardships since the 1980s, the Chinese girls earned their third historic Olympic gold medal in Rio De Janeiro on Sunday.Looking back at the Chinese womens volleyball teams Rio journey, people can only call it “startling（惊人的）by each step” being assigned to the socalle
32、d “group of death”， the Chinese girls struggled into quarterfinals（四分之一决赛） as only the No. 4 of the group with just two victories in preliminaries（预赛）But the girls never gave up. After a victory comeback against Brazil in the quarterfinals and then beat the Netherlands in the semis（半决赛）, they made their way to the final and rewrote history.Since the 1980s, Chin
