1、大学英语四级真题试题2008年12月大学英语四级真题试题Part I Writing 作文题目：Limiting The Use of Disposable Plastic Bags1. 一次性塑料袋曾被广泛的使用 2. 造成的问题 3. 限制使用的意义Part II Reading comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on
2、 Answer Sheet 1. For question 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Thats enough, kids It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two
3、children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.Id watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child hed shoved. she says,I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, No, we dont push. What h
4、appened next was unexpected.The boys mother ran toward me from across the park. Stella says. I thought she was coming over to apologise, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child. All I did was let him know his behaviour was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her
5、kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other peoples children has become a minefieldIn my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sisters house its encouraged. For her, its about kids being k
6、ids:If you cant do it at three, when can you do it?Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunts house. But I find myself saying no a lot when her kids are over at mine. Thats OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when youre talking to the c
7、hildren of friends or acquaintances.Kids arent all raised the same. agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University. But theres still an idea that theyre the property of the parents. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if youre saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, the
8、n thats somehow a criticism of me.In those circumstances, its difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.Id go to the first. says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids,Usually a quiet reminder that we dont do that here is enough. Kid
9、s have finely tuned antennae(直觉）for how to behave in different settings.He points out that bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches,too.This is why White recommends that you appr
10、oach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if theyre there and ask them to deal with it. she says.* how to approach a parent in this situation. Psychologist Meredith Fuller answers:Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with s
11、omething like: I know youll think Im silly but in my house I dont want.When it comes to situations where youre earing for another child. White is straightforward:Common sense muse prevail. If things dont go well then have a chat.Therere a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted
12、from any adult, is no longer appropriate. Now you cant do it without feeling uneasy about it. White says.Men might also feel uneasy about dealing with other peoples children. Men feel nervous, White says. A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle chil
13、dren.For Andrew Fuller, the child-centrid nature of our society has affected everyone. The rules are different now from when todays parents were growing up, he says. Adults are scared of saying, Dont swear , or asking a child to stand up on a bus. Theyre worried that there will be conflict if they p
14、oint these things out-either from older children, or their parents.He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy(礼貌), and says that adults suffer from it as much as children.Meredith Fuller agrees,A code of conduct is hard to create when youre living in a world in which
15、 everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.Its about what Im doing an what I need, Andrew Fuller says.The days when a kid came home from school and said, I got into trouble , and dad said, You probably deserved it, are over.
16、Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.This jumping to our childrens defence is part of what fuels the walking on eggshells feeling that surrounds our dealings with other peoples children. You know that if you remonstrate （劝诫） with the child, youre going to have to de
17、al with the parents. Its admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good?Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries, White says. I suspect that its only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school-better0educated parents are
18、probably more likely to be too involved.White believes our notions of a more child-centred society should be challenged. Today we have a situation where, in many families, both parents work, so the amount of time children get from parents has diminished, she says.Also, sometimes when we talk about b
19、eing child-centred, its a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(商品). We re centred on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud or , rather than serve the best interests of the childr
20、en.One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchis intervention (干预）on her son;s behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boys mother.As Bianchi approached the park bench where she
21、 d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for had behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.Andrew Fuller doesnt believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other peoples kids. L
22、ook at kids that arent your own as a potential minefield. he says. He recommends that we dont stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boys mother to do when she talked to him? A) Make an apology. C) Di
23、scipline her own boy. B) Come over to intervene. D) Take her own boy away.2. What does the author say about dealing with other peoples children? A) Its important not to hurt them in any way. B) Its no use trying to stop their wrongdoing. C) Its advisable to treat them as ones own kids. D) Its possib
24、le for one to get into lots of trouble.3. According to Professor Naomi White of Monash University, when ones kids are criticised, their parents will probably feel _. A) discouraged C) puzzled B) hurt D) overwhelmed4. What should one do when seeing other peoples kids misbehave according to Andrew Ful
25、ler? A) Talk to them directly in a mild way. C) Simply leave them alone. B) Complain to their parents politely. D) Punish them lightly.5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society, _. A) parents are worried when their kids swear at them B) people think it improper to criticise kids in public C)
26、 people are reluctant to point out kids wrongdoings D) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids6. In a word where everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, _. A) its easy for people to become impatient B) its difficult to create a code of conduct C) its important to be friend
27、ly to everybody D) its hard for people to admire each other7. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school? A) Theyd question the teachers. C) Theyd tell the kids to calm down. B) Theyd charge up to the school. D) Theyd put the blame on their kids.8. Professor White belie
28、ves that the notions of a more child-centred society should be _.9. According to Professor White, todays parents treat their children as something they _.10. Andrew Fuller suggests that, when kids behave inappropriately, people should not _.Part III Listening Comprehension Direction: In this section
29、, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversation. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was . Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four c
30、hoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。11. A) Only true friendship can last long. B) Letter writing is going out of style. C) She keeps in regular touch with he
31、r classmates. D) She has lost contact with most of her old friends.12. A) A painter. C) A porter. B) A mechanic. D) A carpenter.13. A) Look for a place near her office. C) Make inquiries elsewhere. B) Find a new job down the street. D) Rent the $600 apartment.14. A) He prefers to wear jeans with a l
32、arger waist. B) He has been extremely busy recently. C) He has gained some weight lately. D) He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.15. A) The woman possesses a natural talent for art. B) Women have a better artistic taste than men. C) He isnt good at abstract thinking. D) He doesnt like abstract paintings.16. A) S
