1、北 京 四 中 撰稿老师：黄浩编审老师：蔡正礼责任编辑：丁华简单句的五种基本类型讲解和练习一、定义简单句：如果句中只有一个主谓结构，而且各个成分都只由单词或短语表示，称为简单句。如：My father goes to work at 8:00 every day. 我的爸爸每天八点钟去上班。You can go swimming tomorrow. 你们可以明天去游泳。They went to Beijing last week. 他们上个星期去北京了。My mother and I like eating fish. 我和妈妈都爱吃鱼。句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、宾语和状
2、语等组成的，依照其组合方式，简单句为五种基本句型。二、具体用法（一）主语不及物动词。如：We work everyday.She studies hard.I often get up at six.（二）主语及物动词宾语。如：I often play football after class.I like skating very much.（三）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语主 语：动作的执行者；谓 语：说明主语做什么；间接宾语：说明动作是对谁做的或为谁做的；直接宾语：动作的承受者或行为的结果；1. He gave me some chocolate.2. She passed him
3、 the cheese（四）主语+系动词+表语系动词：由be动词来充当，也由一些实义动词来做系动词；表 语：说明主语是什么或怎么样，用名词、形容词或相当于名词、形容词的词或短语来充当，和系动词一起构成谓语。表语也可以由数词、动名词不定式短语、名词来充当。1. Liu Xiang is twenty-one2. Lucy is clever（五）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词1. Good food keeps you healthy.2. Keep the child quiet.主语+及物动词+宾语+名词2. She made him chairman.主语+及
4、物动词+宾语+副词/介词短语1. I found you in.2. We play basketball well.三、习题精选、口头翻译下列句子，标出句子的主语和谓语。1. He is standing by the sea.2. A yellow cat was sitting in the tree.3. He often walked in the rain before.4. They are still reading in the classroom.5. I can write with your help.、标出下列句子的直接宾语和间接宾语。1. Can you do me
5、 a favor?2. Lei Feng set us a good example.3. He found me my bike.4. Tom lent her some money.5. Ill write you a letter tonight.、标出下列句子的系动词。1. We should keep cool.2. When did you become a teacher?3. How nice the meet smells!4. KFC tastes nice.、标出下列句子的宾语补足语。1. We must keep the room clean.2. Internet m
6、akes our life better.3. The teacher found the boy clever.4. They get everything ready in time.参考答案：、15 ACBAC610 CABCB1115 CACBA1620 BCCAA2125 ABACB2630 AACCC3137 DABDBBB、1. 主语he谓语is standing2. 主语a yellow cat谓语was sitting3. 主语he谓语 walked4. 主语they谓语are reading5. 主语I谓语can write6. 主语Tom谓语eats7. 主语We谓语li
7、ve8. 主语Mary谓语is lying9. 主语you谓语: can swim10. 主语my mother谓语is waiting11. 主语my mother谓语drinks12. 主语you谓语: must exercise13. 主语Mr. Lee谓语is running14. 主语the girl谓语is dancing15. 主语the traffic light谓语is changing16. 主语he谓语surfs17. 主语they谓语are winning18. 主语she谓语was singing19. 主语some children谓语are playing20.
8、主语it谓语was raining21. 主语people谓语work22. 主语my grandfather谓语lived 23. 主语the plane谓语is moving24. 主语he谓语cant speak25. 主语I谓语must go 26. 主语my uncle谓语was drawing27. 主语the little baby谓语was crying28. 主语we谓语have to leave29. 主语the old man谓语may die30. 主语we谓语shouldnt cross、1. 直接宾语：me间接宾语：a favor 2. 直接宾语：us间接宾语：a
9、good example3. 直接宾语：me间接宾语：my bike4. 直接宾语：her间接宾语：some money5. 直接宾语：you间接宾语：a letter6. 直接宾语：us间接宾语：some food7. 直接宾语：me间接宾语：the question8. 直接宾语：Mr. Lee间接宾语：a lot of questions9. 直接宾语：him间接宾语：the ball10. 直接宾语：his son间接宾语：a picture11. 直接宾语：Tom and me间接宾语：an interesting story12. 直接宾语：them间接宾语：a nice supp
10、er13. 直接宾语：us students间接宾语：an English song14. 直接宾语：us间接宾语：another pair15. 直接宾语：them间接宾语：Chinese16. 直接宾语：the dog间接宾语：some food17. 直接宾语：Tom间接宾语：some cheese18. 直接宾语：me间接宾语：a dictionary19. 直接宾语：her间接宾语：a kite20. 直接宾语：us间接宾语：some ice cream、1. should keep2. become3. smells4. tastes5. turn6. gets7. goes8.
11、sounds9. look10. feel11. is12. were13. will be14. is15. must be16. will be17. cant be18. was19. are20. will be、1.clean2. better3. clever4. ready5. open 6. weak or strong 7. a secret8. captain of the ship9. a good student10. Jane11. at home12. at home13. at work14. in15. away16. back17. outside18. unhappy19. Billy20. happy7
