1、CP01 RT射线检测工艺Radiographic Examination Procedure射线检测工艺规程1REV.NO. 修订号Prepared By编 制Date 日 期Reviewed By 审 核Date 日 期Approved By 批 准Date 日 期1 Scope范围1.1 This procedure defines the X-ray radiographic examination technique and acceptance condition in accordance with the requirements of the ASME Code Sect.
2、I, Sect. VIII Div.1, ASME B31.1 and ASME Code Sect. V.本规程适用于按照ASME规范第I卷、第VIII卷第1分册ASMEB31.1和ASME第V卷最新版本相一致的要求进行的X射线检测。1.2 This procedure shall be supplemented by the examination instruction which defines the variable more specific for the job to be examined.本规程应由具体详细的检测工艺文件的做补充。2 Qualification of ND
3、E Personnel检测人员资格2.1 Any NDE personnel concerning with this examination shall be qualified as radiographic examiner in accordance with Written Practice for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Examination (NDE) Personnel（JSSN/CX-10）, which conforms to the requirements of SNT-TC-1A (2006
4、) .从事射线检测的人员必须按本公司无损检测人员培训考评及认证实施细则（JSSN/CX-10）进行资格评定和认证，此实施细则符合SNT-TC-1A（2006）的要求。3 Equipment, Tools and Materials检测设备、器材3.1 The equipment, tools and materials shall be in compliance with the following condition and the requirements of the examination instruction.所选用的设备、器材应能保证符合下列条件和RT工艺卡的要求。3.2 Ra
5、diation Source射线源One of the following equipment listed in Table 1 shall be used. The effective source size shall be verified and be within the specified limitation.应选用表1中列出的设备之一，应当核对有效焦点尺寸，确认在规定范围内。Table 1 X-Ray Equipment表1 X-射线设备Manufacturer制造厂Brand型号Max. Voltage最大管电压KVTube Current管电流(mA)Source Siz
6、e焦点尺寸mmDANDONG NDE Eqipment Factory丹东无损检测设备厂XXH-3005Z300KV5m1.03.0DANDONG NDE Eqipment Factory丹东无损检测设备厂XXQ-2505D250KV5m2.02.03.3 Films胶片The film listed in Table 2 shall be used:应选用表2中列出的胶片。Table 2 Films表2 胶片Brand类型Manufacturer制造厂家Designation标号T3FU MINGWEI SHENZHEN CO., LTD. 富明威深圳有限公司IXQ100HD3.4 Inte
7、nsifying Screens增感屏The following thickness of lead foil intensifying screens shall be used:铅箔增感屏的厚度应在表3中选择：Table 3 Intensifying Screens表3 增感屏Work Voltage of X-Ray管电压Thickness of Screen铅箔厚度(mm)Front前屏Back后屏150300kv0.030.033.5 Densitometers黑度计The densitometer used for measuring the film density is of
8、JCMD-210B. The densitometer shall be calibrated in accordance with 4 of this Procedure.应选用JCMD-210B黑度计测定射线底片密度。黑度计应按照第4条的要求校验。3.6 IQI像质计（IQI）3.6.1 ASME wire type IQI complying with the requirements or alternates allowed in SE-747 and as shown in Table 4 shall be used. The designated wire diameter of
9、 a wire type IQI shall be selected from Table 5. The wire type IQI shall be made of carbon steel or Type 300 series stainless steel for use on all carbon steels, all low-alloy steels, all stainless steels, manganese-nickel-aluminum bronze (Superston).ASME线型像质计应符合SE-747的要求，并且应在表4中选用。线型像质计的标明线径应表5中选取。
10、像质计的金属丝应为碳钢或300系列不锈钢用于所有碳钢，所有低合金钢、不锈钢、镁-镍-铝铜合金（高强度耐蚀青铜）的检测。Table4 Wire IQI Designation, Wire Diameter and Wire Identity表4 线型像质计名称, 线径 及线号Set ASet BWire Diameter, in. (mm)线径Wire Identity线号Wire Diameter, in.线径Wire Identity线号0.0032 (0.08)0.004 (0.10)0.005 (0.13)0.0063 (0.16)0.008 (0.20)0.010 (0.25) 123
11、4560.010 (0.25)0.013 (0.33)0.016 (0.41)0.020 (0.51)0.025 (0.64)0.032 (0.81)67891011Table 5 IQI Seletion表5 像质计选用Nominal SingleWall Material Thickness Range单壁标称材料厚度范围IQISource Side射线源侧Film Side胶片侧in.mmWire-Type Essential Wire应显示的线号Wire-Type Essential Wire应显示的线号0.256.4540.25 0.3756.4 9.5650.375 0.509.5
12、 12.7760.50 0.7512.7 19.0870.75 1.0019.0 25.4981.00 1.5025.4 38.11091.50 2.0038.1 50.811102.00 2.5050.8 63.512113.6.2 For welds with reinforcements, the thickness on which the IQI is based is the nominal single wall thickness plus the estimated weld reinforcement not to exceed the maximum permitted
13、by the referencing Code.对有焊缝余高，像质计放置处的厚度是公称单壁厚度加上不超过ASME规范中允许的最大余高估计值。3.6.3 For welds without reinforcements, the thickness on which the IQI based is the nominal single wall thickness.没有余高的焊缝，像质计放置处的厚度是公称单壁厚度。3.6.4 Backing ring or strips are not to be considered as part of the weld thickness in IQI
14、selection.在选取像质计时，衬环或衬带均不作为焊缝厚度的一部分来考虑。3.7 “B” Marker“B”标记3.7.1 Lead “B” marker with minimum dimensions of 1/2 (13 mm) in height and 1/16 (1.5 mm) in thickness , shall be attached to the back of each film holder during exposure to determine if backscatter radiation is exposing the film.每个胶片暗盒后背应贴附一个
15、至少高13mm，厚1.5mm的铅标记“B”，以验证曝光过程中是否有背散射作用到胶片上。3.8 Location Markers and Identification Markers位置标记与识别标记3.8.1 The lead arrow shall be used as location markers and placed on the part to show boundary of the area of interest.使用铅箭头作为位置标记放置在工件上显示检测的区域边界。3.8.2 The letters, numbers and markers used to identify
16、 the film shall be provided in accordance with Fig. 1. and the contents of markers shall be specified in the examination instructions. The letter R1 or R2 or R3 shall follow the identification markers to show a radiograph of a repair area and number of repair.应按照图1及检验工艺上规定的标记内容使用字母、数字及标记来识别胶片。字母R1、R
17、2或R3应与说明返修区域及返修号的胶片上的识别标记一致。3.9 Facilities for Viewing of Radiographs观片设备3.9.1 Viewing room shall provide subdued background lighting of an intensity that will not cause troublesome reflections, shadows, or glare on the radiograph. The viewing equipment shall provide a variable light source sufficie
18、nt for the designated wire to be visible for the specified density range. Masks shall be available to exclude any extraneous light from the eyes of the viewer when viewing radiographs smaller than the viewing part or to cover low density areas.观片室应提供柔和的背景光线，光线亮度不得在底片上产生有干扰作用的反射、阴影或眩光。观片设备应具有一个足够强的可变
19、光源，以便能在规定的黑度范围内看到线状透度计的编号线。当底片小于观片灯屏尺寸或存在低黑度区域时，应遮挡多余光线。4 Calibration校验4.1 The densitometers shall be calibrated by Level III examiner at least every 90 days during use as follows:黑度计使用期间应由级检验人员至少每90天作如下校验：a) A national standard step tablet or a step wedge calibration film, traceable to a national s
20、tandard step tablet and having at least 5 steps with neutral densities from at least 1.0 through 4.0, shall be used. The step wedge calibration film shall have been verified within the last year by comparison with a national standard step tablet.应使用国家标准阶梯黑度模片或可追踪到国家标准阶梯黑度模片的阶梯黑度片校正。黑度片上至少应有1.04.0的5种
21、阶梯黑度。阶梯黑度校正片应至少在最近的1年内通过与国家标准阶梯黑度母片的比较进行校验。b) The densitometer manufacturers step-by-step instructions for the operation of the densitometer shall be followed.黑度计的操作步骤应遵循黑度计制造单位的操作说明。c) The density steps closest to 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 on the national standard step tablet or step wedge calibration
22、 film shall be read.应读出国家标准黑度片或校验黑度片上最接近黑度1.0、2.0、3.0和4.0的读数。d) The densitometer is acceptable if the density readings do not vary by more than 0.05 density units from the actual density stated on the national standard step tablet or step wedge calibration film.假如黑度读数与国家标准黑度片或阶梯校验黑度片上的实际读数的变化不超过0.05
23、，则该黑度计验收合格。4.2 Periodic calibration verification checks shall be performed as described in 4.1 at the beginning of each shift, after 8 hr of continuous use, or after change of apertures, whichever comes first. The densitometer is acceptable if the density readings are within 0.05 of the calibration
24、readings determined in 4.1 c).在每班工作开始，连续使用8小时后，测量光圈改变时，无论上述哪一种情况首先发生，黑度计均应按照4.1中规定进行周期检验。假如黑度读数与4.1 c）中校验黑度片的实际读数的变化不超过0.05，则该黑度计验收合格。4.3 Densitometer calibration readings required by 4.1 c) shall be recorded in an appropriate calibration log. Periodic verification readings required by 4.2 do not ha
25、ve to be recorded.按照4.1 c）的要求进行的黑度计校验读数应记录在校验日志上，4.2要求的周期校检验读数不要求记录。5 Examination Process检验5.1 Surface Preparation被检表面检查Prior to start of radiographic examination, Level II examiner shall check and verify that the surfaces to be satisfied the following conditions.射线透照检测前，RT 级检验人员必须检查或验证被检表面是否满足下述条件：
26、5.1.1 The finished surface of all butt-welded joints may be flush with the base material or may have reasonably uniform reinforcement not to exceed that specified in the Code Section VIII Division 1 (UW-35) as Table 6-1 、Section I (PW-35) as Table 6-2 and B31.1（127.4）as Table 6-3.对接焊缝接头的完工表面可以与母材齐平，
27、或可以有合理而均匀的隆起，这种余高不得超过ASME规范第VIII卷第一分册（UW-35）表6-1、第I卷（PW-35）表6-2的规定及B31.1（127.4）as Table 6-3。Table 6-1 Maximum Reinforcement (UW-35)表6-1 最大余高（UW-35）Material Nominal Thickness材料公称厚度（mm）Maximum Reinforcement最大余高（mm）Category B & C Butt JointsB类、C类对接焊缝Other Welds其他焊缝2.42.50.82.44.83.01.54.8 134.02.513 25
28、5.02.525 516.03.051 766476 10265.5102 1276612788Table 6-2 Maximum Reinforcement (PW-35)表6-2 最大余高（PW35）Nominal Thickness公称厚度（mm）Maximum Reinforcement最大余高（mm）Circumferential Joints in Pipe and Tubing钢管环焊缝Other Welds其他焊缝32.52.5353.02.55134.02.513255.02.525506.03.05075*4.075100*5.5100125*6.0125*8.0*The
29、greater of 6mm or 1/8 times the width of the weld. *取6mm与1/8焊缝宽度的较大值。Table 6-3 Maximum Reinforcement (B31.1(127.4)表6-3 最大余高（B31.1(127.4)）Thickness of Base Metal,母材壁厚in.()MaximumThickness of Reinforcement for Design Temperature设计温度下的最大余高750（400）350750（175400）350（175）in. in. in. 1/8（3.0）1/16 2.03/32 2
30、.53/16 5.01/83/16（3.05.0）1/16 2.01/8 3.03/16 5.03/161/2（5.013.0）1/16 2.05/32 4.03/16 5.01/21（13.025.0）3/32 2.53/16 5.03/16 5.012（25.050.0）1/8 3.01/16 6.01/4 6.02（50.0）5/32 4.0The greater of 1/4 or 1/8 times the width in inches (millimrters).1/4in.(6)或1/8乘以焊缝宽度，两者中的较大值，In.()5.1.2 Any surface irregularities, such as weld ripples, undercut and surface roughness on both the inside
