1、高中英语高考二轮复习学案专题一 名词和冠词2020高考二轮复习英语学案专题一 名词和冠词【典例精析】1. （2020福建）Whats the _ of having a public open space where you cant eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?A. sense B. matter C. case D. opinion【解析】A sense意为“感觉” 在这样一个公共场所，不可以吃喝甚至不可以走动有什么感觉。2.（2020天津卷）Most air pollution is caused by the burni
2、ng of _ like coal, gas and oil.A. fuels B. articles C. goods D. products【解析】A fuel燃料，题干中coal, gas, oil均为燃料，由此选出A3. （2020山东）I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real_.A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D. business【解析】 bargain廉价货符合句意，exchange交换；trade贸易，买卖；business事业，业务均不合句意4. （2020江西卷
3、）Shall we go out for a walk?Sorry. This is not the right _ to invite me. I am too tired to walk.A. moment B. situation C. place D. chance【解析】 句意为：此刻邀请我不合适，moment此时，此刻符合句意；situation形式；place地方；chance机会均不合题意5. （2020湖北卷）The young man made a _ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after
4、 graduation.A. prediction B. promise C. plan D. contribution【解析】B 年轻人对父母做出许诺。B许诺，答应符合句意；A意思为预测，C为计划，D意为贡献均不合句意6. （2020湖北卷）The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly_A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon【解析】A atmosphere氛围。气氛符合句意；B为状态；C为形式；D意为现象7. （2020安徽卷）To save
5、 some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our _” .A. Sky B. Life C. Arts D. Voices【解析】D句意：为了拯救那些被遗忘的人类语言，我校同学开展了题为“拯救我们的声音”的大讨论；此处声音妥当8.（2020辽宁卷）My neighbor asked me to go for _ walk, but I dont think Ive got _ energy.A. a; 不填 B. th
6、e; the C. 不填; the D. a; the【解析】D go for a walk 去散步，走走，固定搭配；the energy 那个力量，专指去散步的力量，具体所指，所以用定冠词the.9.（2020全国）Its not _ good idea to drive for four hours without _ break.A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the【解析】A开车好几个小时没有一个一次休息不是一个好主意，所以从意义上都是单数，而且是可数名词，所以都用不定冠词a.10.（2020山东卷)Students should be enco
7、uraged to use _ Internet as _ resource.A. 不填; a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. the; a【解析】D因特网专有名词用定冠词；作为一种资源，种类泛指用不定冠词a.11.（2020湖南卷，22）Have you heard _ news？The piece of _ petrol is going up again!A. the, the B. 不填，the C. the, 不填 D. 不填，不填【解析】C 听说那个消息，特指后面的石油价格上涨，所以用定冠词；石油不可数名词，所以不用任何冠词12.（2020江苏卷，21）We w
8、ent right round to the west coast by _ sea instead of driving across _ continent.A. the; the B. 不填；the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填【解析】B by +交通工具中间不用任何冠词；与水路对应，专指陆路，所以用定冠词the.13.（2020江西卷，30）- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.- It is not your fault. With _ rush-hour traffic and _ heavy rain, it
9、 is no wonder you were late.A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a【解析】A 一种。样的交通状况用a;这么一场大雨，泛指，用a.14.（2020陕西卷，10）I ate _ sandwich while I was waiting for _ 20:08 train.A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. a, a【解析】C 我吃了一个三明治，一般所指；特指哪一列火车，用定冠词the.15.（四川卷，08）In the United States, there is always _ flow of pe
10、ople to areas of _ country where more jobs can be found.A. a; the B. the ; a C. the; the D. a; a【解析】A一群人流，a flow of 固定搭配；特指能找到工作的那个地方，所以用定冠词。16.（2020浙江卷，2）_ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _ head.A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填【解析】A一个苹果，可数名词；hit sb on the head 固定用法。击中某人某个部位用定冠词。1
11、7.（2020重庆卷） In many places in China, _ bicycle is still _ popular means of transportation.A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the【解析】C 自行车，专指大家知道的交通工具，用定冠词表类别；一种。方式，固定用法。【学法导航】按照名词和冠词的考查规律，同学们在复习备考中要注意：1. 语义学习是语言学习过程中的基础，没有一定的词汇量，听说读写等其它能力无从谈起。所以，在备考中，一定要重视词汇语义的学习和复习2. 词汇意义的领悟和掌握既要机械记忆，又要在阅读、运用中领悟，巩
12、固。要将词汇织成一个网，全面掌握一些重要的词汇及相关词汇3. 同义词近义词的学习必须进行专项复习。收集大量的语言实例，反复记忆，用心领悟。4. 考查零冠词用法。5. 和某些抽象名词连用，使其具体化以及不可数名词在特指情况下将成为考查重点。6. 冠词在一些固定短语，特殊句式的运用将仍旧会出现在某些省市的高考试卷中。7. 比较级中的冠词也是考查的重点。8. 冠词的基本用法,定冠词在adj.前表示一类尤其是考查的重点。9. 语境、语义下的冠词灵活运用。10. 根据知识网络将冠词的基本用法记牢，这是你做好试题的前提。11. 熟悉一些名词的用法，和冠词结合。有很多不可数名词，有时候被具体化的情况，也是考
13、查的重点12. 多做练习，能够提高熟悉语境的能力，很多考题是要和语境相联系起来考查的，这方面一定要重视【专题综合】1.I heard you have_ vacant position for a secretary. Ive come to apply for _job.Athe; a Ba; the C不填; a Da; 不填2.-John, there is_ Mr. Wilson on the phone for you.- Im in_ bath.A. a; the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填; 不填3. People think that _ opening
14、ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games is _ great success.A. an; a B. the ; a C. the ;the D. the ; X4. - Do you often listen to _ radio?-No, in fact I havent got_ radio.A. a; the B. 不填; a C. the; a D. the; the5.- Waiter, could we have_ bill, please?-Darling, dont forget to leave_ tip.A. a; the B. a; 不填
15、C. the; 不填 D. the; a6. The research showed beyond _ that smoking contributes to heart diseases.A. wonder B. doubt C. problem D. use7 Would you take my old TV in _ for this camera?A. place B. return C. exchange D. business8 Faced with the hard financial _, all the countries in the world should learn
16、to cooperate to get it over.A. situation B. position C. phenomenon D. state9. It is a spectacular _ as the fireworks are set off and light up the who sky during the Spring Festival.A. look B. view C. scenery D. sight10. Quite a few employees payments are cut down and barely cover their household _ d
17、ue to the serious economic crisis.A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges11. Suddenly we felt the _atmosphere grow tense as neither of the sides would give in.A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon12. The Chinese are looking forward to the first _to land on the moon after three Chinese
18、astronauts successful trip to space.A. measure B. attempt C. purpose D. desire13. Who did you stay with yesterday? I couldnt find you anywhere. _.A. Mr. Greens B.The Greens C. Greens D. The Mr. Greens14. I shouldnt have accepted the mans present, but I found it difficult to turn down his _.A. offer
19、B. request C. suggestion D. plan15. He kept sending her presents in an attempt to win her _.A. respect B. favor C. admiration D. pleasure参考答案1-5 BADCD6【解析】B beyond doubt为固定短语，意为：无疑，确实。本句句意为：这项研究确实表明吸烟会导致心脏疾病。7.【解析】C in return for作为回报；in exchange for交换。你愿意用我的旧电视机换这架照相机吗？8【解析】A面对严重的经济形势，世界各国应努力合作共同克服。
20、situation形式，处境。9【解析】D look看；面貌；view指从某处看到的景色；scenery指自然景色；sight指所看到的事物，景象。在春节期间，当烟火被点燃照亮整个夜空的时候真是一幅壮观的景象。10.【解析】B expense 意为“（时间、精力、金钱等的）消耗,花销,费用”。很多雇员收入下降不够维持生活的费用”。故选B项。bill 意为“账单，清单”。price 意为“价格,价钱，市价，代价，价值”。charge 意为“费用，捐税，代价，记账”，作“费用”解时指卖方开出的价钱。11【解析】A atmosphere氛围，D意为现象。我们突然感觉到气氛变得紧张了。12【解析】B
21、measure 措施； attempt试图，尝试；purpose目的； desire渴望，欲望。在中国三名宇航员成功遨游太空后，中国正盼望着登月的第一次尝试.13【解析】B此题考查考生对复数姓氏名词的掌握能力。表示姓的一家人，应用the +姓氏的复数形式。14【解析】A offer: statement offering to do, or give sth to sb.（为某人做某事或给某人某事物的）建议，提议request: act of asking for sth. 要求；suggestion提议或建议的内容；plan计划。本句句意为：我本不该接受那个人的礼物，但很难拒绝他的提议。故选
22、A。15.【解析】B 他不停送给她礼物，试图获得她的好感。favor: liking , goodwill , approval 喜爱，宠爱，好感，欢心。【专题突破】冠词做题技巧点拨：注意固定短语中的冠词；名词的具体化；抽象名词表示特指；在做题中要注意前后两个空的彼此照应；可以依据意思和语境把握冠词。名词做题技巧点拨：注意同义词、近义词意思的把握，要依据语意、词义进行辨析。1. Recently CCTV Station has taken great pains to make a program that reviews the important_0f 2020.A. affairs B
23、. events C. matters D. things2. Theres no _from my bedroom window except for some factory chimneys.A. view B. scene C. sight D. look3. She is in a poor _of health, which worries her mother much.A. position B. situation C. state D. condition4. The experiment turned out to be _, which wasnt _ they wan
24、ted.A. a completely failing; as B. a complete failure; whatC. completely failure; that D. failed; 不填5. In the botanic garden we can find a（n）_of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.A. species B. group C. amount D. variety6. He was chosen _ of the company.A. manager B. a manager C. the
25、 manager D. as a manager7. I looked under _ bed and found _ book I lost last week.A. the; a B. the: the C. 不填; the D. the; 不填8.How about _ Christmas evening party?I should say it was _ success.A. a; a B. The; a C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填9. Polar bears live mostly on _ sea ice, which they use as _ platform
26、for hunting seals.A. a; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D. the; 不填10. We have every reason to believe that _ 2020 Beijing Olympic Games will be _ success.A. 不填; a B. the; 不填 C. the; a D. a; a11. Many people have come to realize that they should go on _ balanced diet and make _ room in their day for exercise.A.
27、 a; 不填 B. the; a C. the; the D. 不填; a12.Could you tell me the way to _ Johnsons, please?Sorry, we dont have _ Johnson here in the village.A. the; the B. the; a C. 不填; the D. the; 不填13. _ walk is expected to last all day, so bring _ packed lunch.A. A; a B. The; 不填 C. The; a D. A; 不填14. In _ film Cast
28、 Away. Tom Hanks plays _ man named Chuck Noland.A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; a15. How about taking _ short break? I want to make _ call.A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a16. I wanted to catch _ early train, but couldnt get _ ride to the station.A. an, the B. 不填, the C. an, 不填 D. the, a
29、17. I like _ color of your skirt. It is _ good match for your blouse.A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the18.George couldnt remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _ Sunday because everybody was at _ church.A. 不填; the B. the; 不填 C. a; 不填 D. 不填; a19. I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _. You shouldnt put drinks near _ computer.A. the; 不填 B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a20. In _ review off 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods dail
