1、商务英语常用词汇商务英语词汇commerce, trade, trading 贸易inland trade, home trade, domestic trade, internal trade, interior trade 国内贸易international trade 国际贸易foreign trade, external trade 对外贸易,外贸terms of trade 贸易条件free-trade area 自由贸易区import, importation 进口importer 进口商export, exportation 出口exporter 出口商commercial ch
2、annels 商业渠道customs 海关customs duty 关税quota 配额,限额item 项目,细目commercial transaction 买卖,交易manufacturer 制造商,制造厂middleman 中间商,经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer 零售商tradesman 零售商merchant 商人 (英)批发商,(美)零售商concessionaire, licensed dealer 受让人,特许权获得者consumer 消费者,用户client, customer 顾客,客户buyer 买主,买方stocks 存货,库存量p
3、urchase 购买,进货sale 销售bulk sale 整批销售,趸售wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业cash sale 现货hire-purchase 分期付款购买 (美作:installment plan)competition 竞争competitor 竞争者competitive 竞争的unfair competition 不合理竞争dumping profit margin 倾销差价,倾销幅度trademark 商标registered trademark 注册商标registered office, head office 总公司, 总店, 总部home
4、 market 国内市场open market 公开市场black market 黑市marketing 销售学,销售业务,市场调查consumption 消费demand 需求outlet 销路offer 报盘,发价monopoly 垄断foresight, forecast 预测budget 预算plan 计划planning 计划编制programme 计划,方案 (美作:program)estimation, estimate, valuation 估价accountant 会计师bookkeeping 簿记bookkeeper 簿记师double-entry bookkeeping
5、复式簿记single-entry bookkeeping 单式簿记account book 帐簿,会计簿册cashbook 现金出纳簿journal 日记簿statement of accounts 帐目表,帐单balance (sheet) 资产平稳表financial year, trading year 财政年度income and expenditure, receipts and expenditure, output and input 支出和收入assets 资产liabilities 债务,负债debit 借方turnover, volume of business 营业额,销
6、售额cash on hand 留存现金,库存现金cash balance 现金余额,现款结存credit balance 贷方余额debit balance 借方余额,借方差额deficit 亏空balance of trade 贸易差额,国际贸易平衡balance of payments (国际)收支,国际收支差额表cost price 成本价factory price, manufacturers price 出厂价net price 净价,实价price free on board 船上交货价purchase price 买价,进货价格sale price 卖价,销售价格wholesal
7、e price 批发价retail price 零售价fixed price 固定价格guaranteed price 保证价格cash price 现贷价格,现金价格market price 市场价preferential price 优惠价piece price, unit price 单位价格,单价price control 物价管制,价格控制maximum price, ceiling price 最高价minimum price 最低价prime cost, first cost, first price, initial cost, initial price 最初成本price
8、freeze 价格冻结price fixing 限价,限定价格price index 物价指数price fall 价格下降rise in price 价格上涨on a lump-sum basis 一次(整笔)总付的方法all-inclusive 总括sum 总数,全额amount 总数,总值bill 汇票 (美作:check)bill of exchange 汇票promissory note 本票,期票pro forma invoice 估价单,估价发票voucher 凭单,收据receipt 收据advance (payment) 预付(款项)cash payment 现金支付,付现d
9、eferred payment, payment by instalments 延期付款cash on delivery 交货付现,货到付款down payment 预付定金monthly payment 月度付款payment in kind 以实物付款payment in specie 以其真正形式付款refund, repayment 归还,调换证券payment in arrears, outstanding payment 拖欠款项remuneration 报酬,补偿compensation 赔偿,补偿economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 c
10、apitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 经济 mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道 ec
11、onomic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 infrastructure 基本建设 scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating
12、 capital, working capital 流动资本reserve 准备金,储备金 calling up of capital 催缴资本 allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献 working capital fund 周转基金 revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,准备金 reserve fund 准备金 buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金 self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给current account 经常帐
13、户 (美作:checking account) current-account holder 支票帐户 (美作:checking-account holder)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票 crossed cheque 划线支票travellers cheque 旅行支票 chequebook 支票簿,支票本 (美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户 ready money 现钱 ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊
14、欠banknote, note 钞票,纸币 (美作:bill) convertibility 可兑换性 convertible currencies 可兑换货币foreign exchange 外汇 floating exchange rate 浮动汇率 free exchange rates 汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券 hard currency 硬通货 speculation 投机saving 储装,存款 depreciation 减价,贬值 devaluation (货币)贬值 revaluation 重估价runaway inflati
15、on 无法控制的通货膨胀 deflation 通货紧缩 capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场 stock exchange 贡市场 stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所,贡交易所 quotation 报价,牌价 share 股份,贡shareholder, stockholder 贡持有人,股东 dividend 股息,红利 cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 贡投资 investment trust 投资信托 stock-jobber 贡经纪
16、人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司 securities 有价证券 share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股 income gain 股利收入 issue 发行贡 par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头 bear 卖手, 空头 assigned 过户 opening price 开盘 closing price 收盘hard times 低潮 business recession 景气衰退 doldrums 景气停滞 dull 盘整 ease 松弛raising limit 涨
17、停板 break 暴跌 bond, debenture 债券 Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款 long term loan 长期贷款 medium term loan 中期贷款 lender 债权人creditor 债权人 debtor 债务人,借方 borrower 借方,借款人 borrowing 借款 interest 利息rate of interest 利率 discount 贴现,折扣 rediscount 再贴现 annuity 年金 maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付 redemption 偿还
18、 insurance 保险 mortgage 抵押 allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷 consolidated debt 合并债务 funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务 drawing 提款,提存 aid 援助 allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴cost 成本,费用 expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出 fixed costs 固定成本 overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支,间接成本 operating costs 生产费用,营
19、业成本 operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用 miscellaneous costs 杂项费用overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用 upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用transport costs 运输费用 social charges 社会负担费用 contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用income 收入,收益 earnings 利润,收益 gross income,
20、 gross earnings 总收入,总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额 net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入 national income 国收入 profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率yield 产量收益,收益率 increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值duty 税 taxation system 税制 taxation 征税,纳税 fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxa
21、tion 累进税制 graduated tax 累进税 value added tax 增值税 income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税 excise tax 特许权税 basis of assessment 估税标准 taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查 tax-free 免税的 tax exemption 免税 taxpayer 纳税人 tax collector 收税员China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T. 中国国际贸易促进委员会National
22、Council for US-China Trade 美中贸易全国理事会Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本国际贸易促进会British Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸易促进委员会International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会International Union of Marine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会I
23、nternational Alumina Association 国际铝矾土协会Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会United Nations Trade and Development Board 联合国贸易与发展理事会Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 经济合作与开发组织European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 欧洲经济共
24、同体European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲贸易区Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会Eurogroup 欧洲集团Group of Ten 十国集团Committee of Twenty(Paris Club) 二十国委员会Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association, CAR
25、IFTA 加勒比共同市场（加勒比贸易同盟）Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市场Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁美洲贸易联盟Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市场African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场Central African C
26、ustoms and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非经济共同体Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC 石油输出国组织Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC 阿拉伯石油输出国组织Commonwealth Preference Area 英联邦特惠区Centre National du Commerce Exterieur, National
27、Center of External Trade 法国对外贸易中心Peoples Bank of China 中国人银行Bank of China 中国银行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD 国际复兴开发银行World Bank 世界银行International Development association, IDA 国际开发协会International Monetary Found Agreement 国际货币基金协定International Monetary Found, IMF 国际货币基金组织E
28、uropean Economic and Monetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund 欧洲货币合作基金Bank for International Settlements, BIS 国际结算银行African Development Bank, AFDB 非洲开发银行Export-Import Bank of Washington 美国进出口银行National city Bank of New York 花旗银行American Oriental Banking Corporation 美丰银行American Exp
29、ress Co. Inc. 美国万国宝通银行The Chase Bank 大通银行Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美开发银行European Investment Bank, EIB 欧洲投资银行Midland Bank,Ltd. 米兰银行United Bank of Switzerland 瑞士联合银行Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦银行Bank of Tokyo,Ltd. 东京银行Hongkong and Shanghai Corporation 香港汇丰银行International Finance Corporation, IFC
30、 国际金融公司La Communaute Financieve Africane 非洲金融共同体Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC 联合国经济及社会理事会United Nations Development Program, NUDP 联合国开发计划署United Nations Capital Development Fund, UNCDF 联合国资本开发基金United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织United Nations Conference on Trad
31、e and Development, UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO 粮食与农业组织, 粮农组织Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 欧洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亚洲及远东经济委员会Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亚经济委员会Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲经济委员会Overseas Chinese Investment Compan
