1、河北省石家庄市栾城县高考英语 阅读理解及书面表达练河北省石家庄市栾城县2016高考英语 阅读理解及书面表达练习（3）议论文型基础写作1-1 专题导读议论文是作者对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据和论证。论点的基本要求是：观点正确，认真概括，有实际意义；论据的基本要求是：真实可靠，充分典型；论证的基本要求是：推理必须符合逻辑。议论文的写作要注意以下几点：1准确找出论点、论据及其之间的相互关系，即找出要点。 2合理安排材料的顺序，即论点、论据和结论之间的表述方式。专题四 专题导读3注意文章的时态、语态等。议论文常用一般现
2、在时，但叙说过去的事实时，可用过去时态；预测将来时，要用将来时态；也经常使用被动语态；有时假设一种虚拟情况时，还需要用虚拟语气。典例导练【2011湖南卷改编】【写作内容】假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：1简要描述下图内容，并点明主题；2联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。【写作要求】1只能使用5个句子表达所有内容，开头已给出，但不计入总句数。 2文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。One possible version：As can be seen from the picture，when drops of wate
3、r accumulate，they can form the sea；trees added together can make the forest，and the human society is formed by every individual or family.The picture conveys an important message that human society is made up of every individual.It is our responsibility to make as much effort as possible to make our
4、 society a good place to live in.As a matter of fact，every individual has his uniqueness and every individual has something in common with others as well.Learning from each other，we can bring richness to our quality and we can live a harmonious life.That is what all the people expect，I am sure.新题预测(
5、一)中国民工学校状况越来越受到人们的关注，假设你是李华，你和你的同学共同对你所在城市的民工学校进行了调查。了解情况之后你写信给英语周报，呼吁全社会关注民工学校，帮助民工子弟。参考词汇：民工学校migrant school 【写作要求】1只能使用5个句子表达所有内容，信的开头与结尾已经给出，不计入总句数。 2文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。One possible version：Dear Editor，Recently，my classmates and I made a survey about the migrant schools i
6、n our city.Problems do exist.Owing to the lack of money, most migrant schools have no modern equipment, no playground, no libraries, and even not enough teachers. However, we find that the migrant kids are just as keen on study as us. In order to improve the situation, we think our government should
7、 take measures to pour more money into migrant schools. As for us, the local students, can help to collect money or donate books to them. We do hope that the whole society can care more about migrant kids, because if everyone contributes a bit, migrant kids can surely enjoy an equal education opport
8、unity.Yours sincerely，Li Hua(二)【写作内容】近年来，不少中学生注册了博客，对此人们观点各异。有人认为写博客可以帮助学生展示自我，减缓压力。也有人认为它浪费时间，耽误学习。请根据以上提示并结合自己的想法谈谈不同的人(包括你自己)对中学生写博客的看法。 【写作要求】1文章的题目和开头已给出(不计入总句数)；2文中不得出现考生的具体信息。 【评分标准】句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。One possible version：Middle School Students Are Writing BlogsIn recent years, its a common
9、 phenomenon that a growing number of middle school students start their own blogs on the Internet.Some believe it can provide a colorful stage for students to show their talents and its a nice way to help them relieve pressure.However, others agree that managing a blog will take a lot of time and en
10、ergy, which should be used for study.Personally, I do approve of students having their own blogs because the Internet is playing a vital part in our life. As a matter of fact, whether blogging is of harm or not depends on how we employ it. If we can take full advantage of blogging and meanwhile avoi
11、d its negative effects, we can surely benefit a lot from it.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 In a cab, a woman seemed in such a hurryShe constantly rushed the cab driver to drive quicklyShe was so absorbed in her own thoughts of getting to the airport as soon as possible that she was not aware th
12、ey were going by a different route.All of a sudden, a young man got inside the cabHe took her handbag in which she had put her visa, passport, and all the money for the trip.The cab driver, who was in collusion with the robber, left her in the exactly middle of a dark streetShe thought that she was
13、rather unfortunate in the very situation.During the very night, she was told a piece of shocking newsTears came down her cheekFlight 360, the plane that she should have got on board, had crashedHad she not lost her important belongings, she could surely have lost the thing far more preciousher life.
14、Sometimes bad things really happenThere are times when nothing seems to go our waySo what should we do about it? We must get rid of all these frustrations and start all over again in the faith that we will get what we deserve Dont waste your time and energy on things that cant be changedContinuous w
15、orrying will only affect your health and youll be doing much more damage than what was previously done. What if it was the other way round? What if we never ran out of good luck?There was a man who won the lotteryHe became greedy and wasted all his money on everything he could get his hands on.But w
16、hen he one day made it to the front page of the newspaper again, it was a different storyHe had been killed because of his richesIf you attain good luck, you can never be too secure about itLife is so unpredictableYou never know what will happen next.Live one day at a timeWe sometimes subject oursel
17、ves to unnecessary emotional troubleBut please dont forget: sometimes misfortune can be the source of happinessLive for the momentDo what must be done for the present and the future will turn out just fineBelieve meAnd believe in yourselfAs Captain Planet always says, “The power is yours！”1The under
18、lined phrase “in collusion with” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_.”Awas forced by Bwas fighting bravely against Cwas doing ones best to beg Dhad cooperated with2From the passage, we learn that _.Arobbers are sure to get what they want Bsomebody never runs out of good luckCthe woman was lucky to miss
19、 her flight Dif one feels oneself lucky, he or she will continue to be so 3The writer presents the second example in order to _. Awarn people of the danger of winning the lottery Btell people life is unpredictable Cencourage people to buy lottery Dpersuade people not to be greedy4According to the au
20、thor, which of the following choices is the correct attitude to adopt to life? ANever waste any time or energy because time is so limited.BOne neednt be worried or feel frustratedBelieve in yourself.CEven while everything appears to be going smoothly, we should keep fully alert.DWorrying about what
21、you dont have5The passage above is intended to tell us _.Amisfortune sometimes is a blessing Bwe should save up for a rainy dayCfortune just goes with those prepared minds Dboth losses and gains go hand in hand 【参考答案】1-5、DCBBA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。NOT all memories are sweet.Some people
22、 spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences.Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars.Often they relive experiences in nightmares.Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill,which will help people forget bad memories
23、.The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience.They hope it might reduce,or possibly wipe out,the effect of painful memories.In November,experts tested a drug on people in the US and France.The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain,So fa
24、r the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced,not that the memories are wiped out.They are not sure to what degree peoples memories are affected.The research has caused a great deal of argument.Some think it is a bad idea,while others support it.Supporters s
25、ay it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers troubling memories after war.They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.“Some memories can ruin peoples lives.They come back to you when you dont want to have them in a daydream or nightmare.They usually come with ve
26、ry painful emotions,”said Roger Pitman,a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.“This could relieve a lot of that suffering.”But those who are against the research say that maybe the pills can change peoples memories and changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our ide
27、ntity.They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.“All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were terrible at the time but make us who we are.Im not sure we want to wipe those memories out,”said Rebecca Dresser,a medical ethicist.66.The passage is mainly about .A.a new medical inv
28、entionB.a new research on the pillC.a way of wiping out painful memoriesD.an argument about the research on the pill67.The drug tested on people can .A.cause the brain to fix memories B.stop people remembering bad experiencesC.prevent body producing certain chemicalsD.wipe out the emotional effects
29、of memories68.We can infer from the passage that .A.Experts are not sure about the effects of the pills.B.the pill will certainly stop peoples emotional memoriesC.taking the pill will do harm to peoples physical healthD.the pill has already been produced and used by the public America69.which of the
30、 following does Rebecca Dresser agree with in the last paragraph?A.some memories can ruin peoples lives.B.people want to get rid of bad memories.C.experiencing bad events makes us different from others.D.the pill will reduce peoples sufferings from bad memories.70.You may probably read the passage i
31、n A.a guidebook B.a textbookC.a medical magazine D.a science fiction【参考答案】6670 BACDA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling.Recycling in the home is very important of course.However,being fo
32、rced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need.We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible,but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.The total amount of packaging has increased by 12%
