1、初中英语宾语从句宾语从句专项【宾语从句重点梳理】一、宾语从句的连接词： 1、当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。【e.g.】He knew (that) he should work hard. 2、当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。 【e.g.】Tom dont know if/whether his grandpa liked the present. He asked
2、 me whether or not I was coming. 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether： 在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided. 在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. 与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not. 3、如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。连接代词who, whom, whose, what, whi
3、ch，连接副词when, where, why, how， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。【e.g.】 The teacher asked the new students which class he was in. I wonder where he got so much money. 【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。【e.g.】 I dont know how I should do with the presents. / I dont know how to do with the presents.2、要注意区分判断由if、
4、when引导的从句类型. 二、宾语从句的语序： 宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。 Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?() Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( ) The teacher asked the students what they were doing. 陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。【e.g.】 She said, “I will leave a message on
5、the desk.” She said she would leave a message on the desk.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。【e.g.】“Where are the tickets?” I asked him. I asked him where the tickets are. 三、宾语从句的时态呼应： 宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制；如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去
6、将来时、过去完成时）。 【e.g.】 I thought (that) you are free today. () I thought (that) you would be free today. ( ) 【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。 【e.g.】The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun. 【宾语从句练习一】1.将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。(1)These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _ t
7、hese flowers _ from Guangdong.(2)Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.(3)There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.(4)Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ _
8、_ _ French.(5)Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.(6)Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma ChaoMr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.(7)How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?(8)Where di
9、d she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?(9)What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.(10)Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know.I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly.2.选择填空。 (1)What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you were free the
10、next weekB. what color was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring (2)Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he fromB. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry (3)Let me tell you _.A. how much is the carB. how much does the car costC. how much di
11、d I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car (4)Peter knew _.A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris【参考答案】1.(1)that, were(2)that, travels(3)if, would be(4)if , they can speak(5)if, are pl
12、aying(6)if, she had finished her(7)how many people you can see(8)where she parked (9)what he, talked(10)who knocked 2.(1)D (2)D (3)D (4)B【宾语从句练习二】I从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。 1I dont know _ he will come tomorrow_ he comes，Ill tell you Aif；Whether Bwhether；Whether Cif；That Dif；If 2I dont know _ the day af
13、ter tomorrow Awhen does he come Bhow will he come Cif he comes Dwhether hell come 3Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is？ Awhat Bhow Cwhether Dwhere 4Could you tell me _ the radio without any help？ Ahow did he mend Bwhat did he mend Chow he mended Dwhat he mended 5I want to know _ Awhom is she
14、 looking after Bwhom she is looking Cwhom is she looking Dwhom she is looking after 6Do you know where _ now？ Ahe lives Bdoes he live Che lived Ddid he live 7Do you know what time _ ？ Athe train leave Bdoes the train leave Cwill the train leave Dthe train leaves 8I dont know _ Can you tell me，please
15、？ Ahow the two players are old Bhow old are the two players Cthe two players are how old Dhow old the two players are 9The small children dont know _ Awhat is their stockings in Bwhat is in their stockings Cwhere is their stockings in Dwhat in their stockings 10I cant understand _ Awhat does Christm
16、as mean Bwhat Christmas does mean Cwhat mean Christmas does Dwhat Christmas means II按要求转换句型。 1Does MrBrown enjoy living in China？Could you tell us？（改写句子） Could you tell us _ MrBrown _ living in China？ 2“Does the girl need any help？”he asked me（变为复合句） He asked me _ the girl _ some help 3Jim is not a
17、studentTom is not a student，either（合并为一个句子） _ Jim _ Tom is a student 4When does the train leave？I want to know（改为含宾语从句的复合句） I want to know _ the train _ 5They went home after they had finished their homework（用notuntil改写） They _ go home _ they had finished their homework 6Did Peter come here yesterda
18、y？Li Lei wants to know（改为含宾语从句的复合句） Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday 【参考答案】 I15DDDCD 610ADDBD II1ifwhether；enjoys 2ifwhether；needed 3Neither；nor 4when；leaves 5didnt；until 6whether；came【宾语从句练习三】 （一） 1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. wi
19、ll take2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
20、5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled 答案：1-5 A D C B C （二）1 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where3 I hardly understand. _ he has told
21、me. A. that B. what C. which D. who4 She didnt know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be 5. I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D. when6. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how7. He aske
22、d me _told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose答案：1-7 C B B A A A C（三） 1. They dont know their parents are. A that B what C why D which2. Please tell me _what last year. A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked3. She as
23、ked me if I knew _. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it4. You must remember _. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said5 Did you know _? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C
24、. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after6 Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing答案：1-6 B D B A A C（四）1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an
25、 interesting book. （北京市东城区） A. that B. how C. what D. if 2. I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. He will help us with our English. （杭州市） A. why B. when C. how D. where 3. We never know _ the old m an is. They say he is a teacher. （鄂州市） A. what B. who C. which D. where 4. I was told _ Bill Ga
26、tes was thirteen he began to play with computers. （重庆市） A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when 5. Do you know _ ? Im going to see him. Sorry, I dont know.（北京市海淀区） A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 6. W here do you think _ he _ t
27、he computer? Sorry, I have no idea. （南京市） A. ; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy 7. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. （重庆市） A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what wrong was 8. Where is Jack? He is away to spend his holiday. Hes gone eithe
28、r to Hang Zhou or to Wu Han, but Im not sure _ . （南昌市） A. that B. which C. where D. there 答案：14 D A A D 58 C A C C 【宾语从句练习四】基本型1. He wont come. I think. (变为复合句)(1996甘肃) I _ think he _ come.2. “Do you wash your clothes yourself?” Tom asked the girl next to him.(改复合句)Tom asked the girl next to him _ _
29、 _ her clothes herself.3. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为宾从)(1999福州)Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.4. Is the earth round? The little boy asked.(改为宾语从句)The little boy asked _ the earth _ round.5. “Where does he live?” Mr. Hu asked.(改为复合句)Mr. Hu asked where _ _.6. Toms father saw him sitting on some eggs.(改为复合句)Toms father saw _ _ _ sitting on some eggs.7. Mrs. W
