1、一般现在时一般过去式及现在进行时知识点及练习题一般现在时用法及练习题一、用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。二、构成：1. be动词：主语+be(am ,is ,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she
2、,it)时，三单变化： 多数在动词后加s?，playplays? likelikes 以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es? gogoes? washwashes，以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es，flyflies?。第三，我的变化-否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句：1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词
3、的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
4、。如：How does your father go to work?同学们需要掌握的一般现在时第三人称单数形式：Lives, teaches, goes, watches, reads, does, works, does, doesnt一般过去式及练习一、基本概念一般过去时(simple past tense)表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。 二、基本结构主语+动词过去式+其他 否定形式was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词 一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他 例句She often came t
5、o help us in those days. I didnt know you were so busy. 一般过去式的构成形式 肯定式疑问式否定式疑问否定式I workedDid I work?I did not workDid I not work?He(she,it) workedDid he(she,it) work?He (she,it)did not workDid he(she,it)not work?We workedDid we work?We did not workDid we not work?You workedDid you work?You did not w
6、orkDid you not work?They workedDid they work?They did not workDid they not work?三、一般过去时的用法(1)一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去的事情。 句式：主语+过去动词+宾语+其他 如：I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。 (2
7、) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。 补充内容：（句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响。 Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗（你现在不饿吗） Yes, I have. 是的，我已经吃过了。（已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。） When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的（关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。） I ha
8、d it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。 ） Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。 I ate it at 6：45。我在六点四十五分吃了。 注意：1、带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时 如：yesterday（昨天）、two days ago（两天前 ）、last year（去年）、the other day（前几天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、 just now（刚才）、in the
9、 old days（过去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前）、 When I was 8 years old（当我八岁时）、at+一个时间点 Did you have a party the other day 前几天，你们开了晚会了吗 Lei Feng was a good soldier. 雷锋是个好战士。 另外，在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。 2、表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时 这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。 The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain
10、，and then died. 那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。 3、表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，常与always，never等连用。 Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。 （只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。） 比较 Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella. 彼得太太老是带着伞。 （说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞） Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella. 彼得太太 总是带着一把伞。（
11、表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦） I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。 （不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒） 4、如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做，而现在不那样做了) He used to drink. 他过去喝酒。 （意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了） I used to take a walk in the morning. 我过去是在早晨散步。 （意味着现在不在早晨散步了） 比较： I took a walk in the morning. 我曾经在早晨散过步。 （只是说明过去这一动作） 5、有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语
12、，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！ I dont know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 （因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.） I think you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。 （这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病） 四、一般过去时谓语部分的构成1 Be 动词的一般过去时态. 在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词， am is 的过去式为was;
13、 are的过去式为were. 构成：肯定句：主语+was (were) +表语 如：I was late yesterday. （昨天我迟到了。） 否定句：主语+was (were) +not+表语 如：We werent late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到) 疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+表语 如： Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了吗） 肯定回答： Yes, I was. (是的，我病了。) 否定句： No, I wasnt. (不，我没病。) 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+表语 如：When were you bo
14、rn? 你是什么时候出生的 2 实义动词的一般过去时态 肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did. 肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语 如： I went home at nine oclock yesterday.（我昨天九点钟回的家。） 否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+宾语 如：I didnt go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。) 疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语 如： Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗) 肯定回答： Yes, I did. (是的，我回了。) 否定回答：No,
15、 I didnt. (不，我没回家。) 3 助动词和情态动词过去式如下： shallshould（将要）用于第一人称单数 willwould（将要）用于所有人称 cancould（能，会） maymight（可以） mustmust （必须） have tohad to（不得不） 助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。 如： I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。) 一般过去时讲解 一般过去时也叫单纯过去时。 例A：He worked very hard last year. （去年他很用功。） 例B：Mr.
16、Smith bought a new car yesterday. （史密斯先生昨天买了一辆新车。） 例C：They were here only a few minutes ago. （几分钟前他们还在这里。） 一般过去时的用法如下： 一般过去时最明显的现象就是常由表达过去之时间的副词或副词短语来修饰它（如各例句的斜体字部分）。这些常用于修饰一般过去时的副词有：yesterday, yesterday morning （afternoon, evening ）, just now （刚才）, before （以前） , then （at that time ） （当时） , last +时间
17、 （如 last week, month, year, Monday, January, spring, , etc. ）, that +时间 （如 that day, afternoon, summer, , etc. ）, 时间 + ago （如 a few minutes ago, two weeks ago , years ago, etc.） “过去”的概念并不是只指如 “yesterday, last week, ” 等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。例
18、如： He was here only a few minutes ago. （仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。） I came home just now. （我刚回到家。） 五、特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式如：Who went to home yesterday?六、动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：
19、stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式（详见书本）3、现在进行时1、现在进行时：现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作。常与now，at the moment 等时间状语连用。其基本结构：be (is/am/are) + v-ing。例：He is sleeping at the moment.2、表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。例：I am studying in Datun High School.They are working in a factory these days.3、某些动词的现
20、在进行时可表将来。例：We are going to Beijing this afternoon.The bus is coming.4、表示经常、反复发生的动作，常与always，continually，constantly，forever等连用，常表示厌烦、不满和赞扬等情感。例：He is always working until midnight. （赞扬）They are forever quarrelling about something. （不满）动词v-ing的构成形式：规则原形-ing形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ingwashcatchstaywashingcatchings
21、taying以不发音的字母e结尾的动词。先去掉e，再加-ingmaketakegivemakingtakinggiving以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写这个字母，再加-ingsitgetbeginsittinggettingbeginning以ie结尾的单词，改ie为y，再加-ingliedietielyingdyingtying练 习一般现在时练习I. Choose the right answers to cloze.用括号内适当的形式填空。1.We often (play) in the playground.2.?He (get) up at six oclo
22、ck.3.? you (brush) your teeth every morning.4. What? (do) he usually (do) after school?5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6.? Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7.?At eight at night, she (watch) TV with his parents.8. Mike (read) English every day?9.?How many lessons your classmate_(have)
23、 on Monday?10.?What time his mother (do) the housework?11.He usually _ (get)up at six in the morning.12.She_(have) blues eyes.13.We _(go ) to school every day14.The boy _(like) playing football.15.We_(have)no classes on Sundays.16.She_(write) to her mother once a week.17.It _(rain)quite often during
24、 the month of July every year.18.She often_(watch)TV on Saturdays.19.Mike usually_(ride) a bike with his friends in the park.20 Peter and Mary often_(play) badminton together.23.My mother_(have) a lot of cousins.21.Many people often _ (listen) to the radio in the moring.22._(do)she _(like) playing t
25、he violin?Yes,she_(do).23.She_(have)four brothers. She_(like) them very much.24. He often _(have) dinner at home.25. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.26.Sandy usually _(play) the piano on Sundays.27.The cat_(like) eating fish every much.28. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.29. She and
26、I _(take) a walk together every evening.II. Read and fill in the blanks.(选词填空)Watches read goes gets eats lives worksMy aunt is a nurse. She likes music very much. She _ in a big hospital. Every day she _ up at 6:30. She _ breakfast at 7:00. After breakfast she _ to work by bus. She usually goes hom
27、e at 5:30. After dinner, she often _ TV and _ books. At 10:30, she goes to bed.III. Read the questions and circle the right answers.(读问题，圈出正确的答案)1.Where does your pen pal live? A. No, she live in the country. B. She live in the city. C. She lives in the city.2.When does she go to work?A. She go to w
28、ork at 7. B. She goes to work at 7. C. Yes, she does.3. Does Peter go to school by subway?A. No, he does. B. No, he doesnt. C. Yes, on foot.4. What does Miss Green do?A. She teaches English. B. Yes, shes a teacher. C. At school.5.Does she read newspapers at night?A. Yes, she do. B. Yes, she does. C.
29、 No, she does. 6.Whats your pen pals hobby?A. She like reading. B. She like read. C. She likes reading.练习：1. - What about the pen you bought yesterday? - It _ well. I like it very much. A. was written B. is written C. wrote D. writes 2. There is going to _ a sports meeting next week. If it _, well h
30、ave to cancel it. A. be; will rain B. have; will rain C. be; rains 3. Tom is strong and he _ to school every day. A. walked B. walks C. will walk D. has walked 4. - What will you do if it _ tomorrow? - Ill stay at home and watch the match on TV. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 5. Every year many foreigners _ to China to learn Chinese. A. have come B. comes C. came D. come 6. - I wont go to bed until the
