1、各种缓冲液的配制方法大全磷酸氢二钠柠檬酸缓冲液PH0.2mol/L Na2HPO4（毫升）0.1mol/L柠檬酸（毫升）pH0.2mol/L Na2HPO4（毫升）0.1mol/L柠檬酸（毫升）2.22.42.62.83.03.23.43.63.84.04.24.44.64.85.00.401.242.183.174.114.945.706.447.107.718.288.829.359.8610.3010.6018.7617.8216.8315.8915.0614.3013.5612.9012.2911.7211.1810.6510.149.705.25.45.65.86.06.26.46.
2、66.87.07.27.47.67.88.010.7211.1511.6012.0912.6313.2213.8514.5515.4516.4717.3918.1718.7319.1519.459.288.858.407.917.376.786.155.454.553.532.611.831.270.850.55Na2HPO4分子量 = 14.98，0.2mol/L溶液为28.40克/升。Na2HPO42H2O分子量 = 178.05，0.2mol/L溶液含35.01克/升。C4H2O7H2O分子量 = 210.14，0.1mol/L溶液为21.01克/升20%盐酸溶液如何配置：取浓盐酸（质量
3、百分比浓度为36.5%）一个体积（如100毫升），加入到96.5毫升水中就可以了。 36.5%*100*1.17=20%*m m=213.5(克) 所需水的质量为;213.5-117=96.5克，也就是96.5毫升水。磷酸盐缓冲液配制方法（PB）磷酸盐缓冲液（Phosphate Buffer, PB）试剂： NaH2PO42H2O Na2HPO412H2O配制方法：配制时，常先配制0.2mol/L的 NaH2PO4和0.2mol/L的Na2HPO4，两者按一定比例混合即成0.2mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲液（PB），根据需要可配制不同浓度的PB和PBS。（1）0.2mol/L的 NaH2PO4；称取
4、NaH2PO4.2H2O 31.2g(或 NaH2PO4H2O 27.6g)加重蒸水至1000ml溶解。（2）0.2mol/L的 Na2HPO4：称取Na2HPO4.12H2O 71.632g（或 Na2HPO47H2O 53.6g或 Na2HPO42H2O 35.6g）加重蒸水至1000ml溶解。（3）0.2mol/L pH7.4的PB的配制：取19ml 0.2mol/L的 NaH2PO4和81ml 0.2mol/L的 Na2HPO412H2O,充分混合即为0.2mol/L的PB（pH约为7.47.5）。若pH偏高或偏低，可通过改变二者的比例来加以调整，室温保存即可。0.2mol/L磷酸盐缓
5、冲液（pH5.78.0） pH 0.2mol/L NaH2PO4(ml) 0.2mol/L Na2HPO4(ml)5.7 93.5 6.55.8 92.0 8.05.9 90.0 10.06.0 87.7 12.36.1 85.0 15.0 6.2 81.5 18.56.3 77.5 22.56.4 73.5 26.56.5 68.5 31.56.6 62.5 37.56.7 56.5 43.56.8 51.0 49.06.9 45.0 55.07.0 39.0 61.07.1 33.0 67.07.2 28.0 72.07.3 23.0 67.07.4 19.0 81.07.5 16.0 8
6、4.07.6 13.0 87.07.7 10.5 89.5 7.8 8.5 91.57.9 7.0 93.08.0 5.3 94.70.05mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.0)如何配制？PH3-10缓冲溶液的配制方法1磷酸氢二钠柠檬酸缓冲液pH0.2mol/L Na2HPO4（毫升）0.1mol/L柠檬酸（毫升）pH0.2mol/L Na2HPO4 （毫升）0.1mol/L柠檬酸（毫升）2.22.42.62.83.03.23.43.63.84.04.24.44.64.85.00.401.242.183.174.114.945.706.447.107.718.288.829.359.8610.3
7、010.6018.7617.8216.8315.8915.0614.3013.5612.9012.2911.7211.1810.6510.149.705.25.45.65.86.06.26.46.66.87.07.27.47.67.88.010.7211.1511.6012.0912.6313.2213.8514.5515.4516.4717.3918.1718.7319.1519.459.288.858.407.917.376.786.155.454.553.532.611.831.270.850.55Na2HPO4分子量 = 14.98，0.2 mol/L溶液为28.40克/升。Na2HP
8、O42H2O分子量 = 178.05，0.2 mol/L溶液含35.01克/升。C4H2O7H2O分子量 = 210.14，0.1 mol/L溶液为21.01克/升。2柠檬酸氢氧化钠-盐酸缓冲液pH钠离子浓度（mol/L）柠檬酸（克）C6H8O7H2O氢氧化钠(克)NaOH 97%盐酸（毫升）HCl（浓）最终体积（升）2.23.13.34.35.35.86.50.200.200.200.200.350.450.3821021021021024528526684838383144186156160116106456810512610101010101010 使用时可以每升中加入1克克酚，若最后p
9、H值有变化，再用少量50%氢氧化钠溶液或浓盐酸调节，冰箱保存。3 甘氨酸盐酸缓冲液（0.05mol/L）X毫升0.2 mol/L甘氨酸+Y毫升0.2 mol/L HCI，再加水稀释至200毫升pHXYpHXY2.02.42.62.85050505044.032.424.216.83.03.23.43.65050505011.48.26.45.0甘氨酸分子量 = 75.07，0.2 mol/L甘氨酸溶液含15.01克/升。4邻苯二甲酸盐酸缓冲液（0.05 mol/L）X毫升0.2 mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾 + 0.2 mol/L HCl，再加水稀释到20毫升pH(20)XYpH(20)XY2.2
10、2.42.62.83.0555554.0703.9603.2952.6422.0223.23.43.63.855551.4700.9900.5970.263邻苯二甲酸氢钾分子量 = 204.23，0.2 mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢溶液含40.85克/升5柠檬酸柠檬酸钠缓冲液（0.1 mol/L）pH0.1 mol/L柠檬酸（毫升）0.1 mol/L柠檬酸钠（毫升）pH0.1 mol/L柠檬酸（毫升）0.1 mol/L柠檬酸钠（毫升）3.03.23.43.63.84.04.24.44.64.818.617.216.014.914.013.112.311.410.39.21.42.84.05.16.0
11、6.97.78.69.710.85.05.25.45.65.86.06.26.46.68.27.36.45.54.73.82.82.01.411.812.713.614.515.316.217.218.018.6柠檬酸C6H8O7H2O：分子量210.14，0.1 mol/L溶液为21.01克/升。柠檬酸钠Na3 C6H5O72H2O：分子量294.12，0.1 mol/L溶液为29.41克/升。柠檬酸C6H8O7H2O: 2.1g柠檬酸钠Na3 C6H5O72H2O: 2.94gH2O: 100 ml6乙酸乙酸钠缓冲液（0.2 mol/L）pH(18)0.2 mol/L NaAc(毫升)0.
12、3 mol/L HAc(毫升)pH(18)0.2 mol/LNaAc(毫升)0.3 mol/LHAc(毫升)2.63.84.04.24.44.60.751.201.802.653.704.909.258.808.207.356.305.104.85.05.25.45.65.85.907.007.908.609.109.404.103.002.101.400.900.60Na2Ac3H2O分子量 = 136.09，0.2 mol/L溶液为27.22克/升。7磷酸盐缓冲液（1）磷酸氢二钠磷酸二氢钠缓冲液（0.2）pH0.2 mol/L Na2HPO4(毫升)0.3 mol/L NaH2PO4(毫升
13、)pH0.2 mol/L Na2HPO4(毫升)0.3 mol/L NaH2PO4(毫升)5.85.96.06.16.26.36.46.56.66.76.86.98.010.012.315.018.522.526.531.537.543.549.555.092.090.087.785.081.577.573.568.562.5 56.551.045.07.07.17.27.37.47.57.67.77.87.98.061.067.072.077.081.084.087.089.591.593.094.739.033.028.023.019.016.013.010.58.57.05.3Na2HP
14、O42H2O分子量 = 178.05，0.2 mol/L溶液为85.61克/升。Na2HPO412H2O分子量 = 358.22，0.2 mol/L溶液为71.64克/升。Na2HPO42H2O分子量 = 156.03，0.2 mol/L溶液为31.21克/升。（2）磷酸氢二钠磷酸二氢钾缓冲液（1/15 mol/L）pHmol/L/15Na2HPO4(毫升)mol/L/15KH2PO4(毫升)pHmol/L/15Na2HPO4(毫升)mol/L/15KH2PO4(毫升)4.925.295.916.246.476.646.816.980.100.501.002.003.004.005.006.0
15、09.909.509.008.007.006.005.004.007.177.387.738.048.348.678.187.008.009.009.509.759.9010.003.002.001.000.500.250.100Na2HPO42H2O分子量 = 178.05，1/15M溶液为11.876克/升。KH2PO4分子量 = 136.09，1/15M溶液为9.078克/升。8磷酸二氢钾氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05M）X毫升0.2M K2PO4 + Y毫升0.2N NaOH加水稀释至29毫升 pH(20)X (毫升)Y（毫升）pH(20)X (毫升)Y（毫升）5.86.06.26.46.6
16、6.85555550.3720.5700.8601.2601.7802.3657.07.27.47.67.88.05555552.9633.5003.9504.2804.5204.6809巴比妥钠-盐酸缓冲液（18）pH0.04M巴比妥钠溶液0.2V盐酸pH0.04M巴比妥钠溶液(毫升)0.2N盐酸(毫升)6.87.07.27.47.67.88.08.210010010010010010010010018.417.816.715.313.411.479.397.218.48.68.89.09.29.49.61001001001001001001001005.213.822.521.651.13
17、0.700.35巴比妥钠盐分子量=206.18;0.04M溶液为8.25克/升10Tris盐酸缓冲液（0.05M，25）50毫升0.1M三羟甲基氨基甲烷（Tris）溶液与X毫升0.1N盐酸混匀后，加水稀释至100毫升。pHX(毫升)pHX(毫升)7.107.207.307.407.507.607.707.807.908.0045.744.743.442.040.338.536.634.532.029.28.108.208.308.408.508.608.708.808.9026.222.919.917.214.712.410.38.57.0三羟甲基氨基甲烷（Tris）HOCH2 CH2OH C
18、HOCH2 NH2分子量=121.14;0. 1M溶液为12.114克/升。Tris溶液可从空气中吸收二氧化碳，使用时注意将瓶盖严。11硼酸硼砂缓冲液（0.2M硼酸根）pH0.05M硼砂（毫升）0.2M硼砂（毫升）pH0.05M硼砂（毫升）0.2M硼酸（毫升）7.47.67.88.01.01.52.03.09.08.58.07.08.28.48.79.03.54.56.08.06.55.54.02.0硼砂Na2B4O7H2O,分子量=381.43;0.05M溶液（=0.2M硼酸根）含19.07克/升。硼酸H2BO3,分子量=61.84,0.2M溶液为12.37克/升。硼砂易失去结晶水，必须在带
19、塞的瓶中保存。11硼酸-硼砂缓冲液（0.2M硼酸根）pH0.05M硼砂（毫升）0.2M硼酸（毫升）pH0.05M硼砂（毫升）0.2M硼酸（毫升）7.47.67.88.01.01.52.03.09.08.58.07.08.28.48.79.03.54.56.08.06.55.54.02.0硼砂Na2B4O710H2O,分子量=381.43;0.05M溶液（=0.2M硼酸根）含19.07克/升。硼酸H2BO3，分子量=61.84, 0.2M溶液为12.37克/升。硼砂 易失去结晶水，必须在带塞的瓶中保存。12甘氨酸氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05M）X毫升0.2M甘氨酸+Y毫升0.2NnaOH加水稀释至2
20、00毫升pHXYpHXY8.68.89.09.29.450505050504.06.08.812.016.89.69.810.010.410.6505050505022.427.232.038.645.5甘氨酸分子量=75.07;0.2M溶液含15.01克/升。13硼砂-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05M硼酸根）X毫升0.05M硼砂+Y毫升0.2NNaOH加水稀释至200毫升pHXYpHXY9.39.49.65050506.011.023.09.810.010.150505034.043.046.0硼砂Na2B4O710H2O,分子量=381.43;0.05M溶液为19.07克/升。14碳酸钠-碳酸氢
21、钠缓冲液（0.1M）Ca2+、Mg2+存在时不得使用pH0.1MNa2CO3(毫升)0.1MN2HCO3(毫升)20379.169.409.519.789.9010.1410.2810.5310.838.779.129.409.509.729.9010.0810.2810.57123456789987654321Na2CO210H2O分子量=286.2;0.1M溶液为28.62克/升。N2HCO3分子量=84.0;0.1M溶液为8.40克/升。15“PBS”缓冲液PH7.67.47.27.0H2ONaClNa2HPO4NaH2PO410008.52.20.110008.52.20.210008.52.20.3100ml8.5g2.2g0.4g
