1、初一介词讲解介词讲解一介词的概念：介词用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系，不能单独使用。介词的作用介词表地点、位置、方向的介词above, around, at, behind, between, by, down, from, in, up, in front of, into, onto, near, off, out, over, through, under, towards, 表时间的介词by, in, on ,over, with其他介词like, with, without, from, next, to二、常用介词的讲解1、in 在.之内1) 表示地点，表示大地点。Shes in
2、China with her mom and dad. 2)表示时间，表示在某一个时间段内。The weather is cold in winter. 3) 表示颜色和语言也用介词in。Do you know the girl in red? I can write this article in English. 2、from 从.中来1) come fromI come from China and Im Chinese. 2) download fromI download music from the Internet. 3) be different from Lilys habi
3、ts are different from Lindas. 3. with 和，用，与1) with sb 和.人在一起Im in Class One with Daming and Lingling. 2）with sth. 表示用某种工具I write with my pen, and I see with my eyes. 4. at 在. 1) 表示地点，主要指小地点。My father is a teacher at Beijing International School.2) 表示时间，主要指时间的一个点。I get up at half past seven in the mo
4、rning. 3) be good at 擅长于. Iam good at reading and writing.5. behind 在.后面The classrooms are behind the offices.6. next to 紧挨着 The library is next to the classrooms.7. in front of 在.前面They are in front of Tony and Daming. 8. for 为了.，因为。 Thank you for your email.谢谢你的邮件。9. on 在.上，在.时1） 表示时间，表示具体的一天。Woul
5、d you like to go to a football match on Sunday?2）表示地点on the farmon the playground 10. to 自，向1）talk to 与.谈论We have a break and I talk to my friends. 2) go to 去He likes films and he often goes to the cinema. 3）welcome to 欢迎到. Welcome to Beijing Zoo. 4）listen to 听They always listen to music.5）connect.t
6、o .和.连接一起Please connect the monitor to the computer first. 三、一些常用的介词的区别： in, to, on在方位名词前的区别 1. in表示A地在B地范围之内，如： Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2. to表示A地在B地范围之外（有距离），如：Japan lies to the east of China. 3. on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻，如： North Korea is on the east of China. . at, in, on, by在表示时间上的区别 1. at指时间表
7、示： （1）时间的点、时刻等。 They came home at noon （at sunrise, at midnight, at ten oclock, at daybreak）. （2）较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。 He went home at New Year （at Christmas, at the Spring Festival）. 2. in指时间表示： （1）在某个较长的时间（如世纪、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等）内。in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the ev
8、ening （2）在一段时间之后。一般用于将来时，谓语动词为非延续性动词，意为“在以后”。 He will arrive in two hours. （3）谓语动词为延续性动词时，in意为“在以内”。These products will be made in a month. 3. on指时间表示： （1）具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、节日、星期几等,On Christmas Day there will be a party. （2）在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。He arrived at 8oclock on the night of Friday. （3）准时，按时。If the
9、 train can be on time, I should get home before dark. 4. by指时间表示： （1）不迟于，在（某时）前。如： He will come by six oclock. （2）在间，在的时候。如： He worked by day and studied by night. . near, by, beside, at表示“在附近”时的区别 1. near表示相对的近，实际距离可能还很远。Suzhou is near Shanghai. 2. by和beside都表示靠近，实际距离不很远，但beside比by更具体地表示出“在旁边”的意思。H
10、e was sitting beside her. He is walking by the river.3. at也有“在旁边”的意思，但多表示有目的的行为所处的位置，而by和beside仅表示位置关系。 如： The students are sitting at the table listening to the teacher. Several students are sitting by / beside the door talking about a music. . at, in和on表示地点时的区别 1. at表示地点： （1）用于指较小的地方。如：arrive at，接
11、小地方 I will wait for you at the station. （2）用于门牌号码前。如： He lives at 11 Zhongshan Road. 2. in表示地点：arrive in 接较大地方 He lives in Shanghai. 3. on表示地点，一般指与面或线接触，意为“在上；在旁”。 The picture was hanging on the wall. . besides, except, but表示“除外”之间的区别 1. besides表示“除了以外，还有”，具有附加性质。如： Besides xiaoming , we also went t
12、o see the film. 注意：besides用于否定句中时，与except, but同义，可互换。如： We have no other books besides / except these. 2. except表示“除外”，具有排它性质。如： We all went to see the film except xiaoming.（王先生没去） 3. but意为“除了”，与except同义，except强调被排除的部分，but则强调整句的内容，常修饰否定意义的代词。Nobody knew it but me. above, over, on, up表示“在上”之间的区别 1. a
13、bove指“上方”，表示相对高度，不一定在正上方，其反义词为below。 Were flying above the clouds. 2. over指“在正上方”，表示垂直上方，其反义词为under。 The bridge is over the river. 3. on表示“在上面”，与物体表面接触，与beneath相对。 There is a map on the wall. 4. up表示动作的方向往上，反义词为down。如： Please stand up with, from, for, at表示原因的区别 1. with表示原因，指由于外界而影响到内部，意为“因为；由于”。 The
14、 little girl was shivering with cold. 2. from表示动机、疲劳、痛苦等原因。如： She did it from a sense of duty. 3. for常表示为了某一目的、事业的原因。 I do apologize for keeping you waiting. 4. at表示原因，指“听到；看到；想到”等。 At the news they felt very glad. for和of的用法区别试比较：Its impossible for me to watch TV after eleven oclock. Its kind of you
15、 to help me. 两句中介词的选择依据其前形容词而定,一般来说,of之前的形容词往往是用于描写人的品质的好坏，人自身的特点，如聪明与否，细心与粗心等；for之前的形容词用于描写事物的特点，如可能性，必然性，难易程度等。 by，with，in的用法区别by表示以.的方式，方法，手段 和 乘某种交通工具；with指借助于具体的手段或工具；in 表示以.方式，用语言，文字等媒介。I solved the problem by this way.I cut the apple with a knife.He speaks with us in English. after和 in 的用法区别这
16、两个介词都可以表示时间在以后的意思。其区别是：after 以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子；in 以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。 I went home after 10 oclock yesterday. The train will arrive in ten minutes.四、介词词组1)ask for 向要,请求 2)ask for leave 请假 3)send for 派人去请(叫) 4)pay for 付的款 5)wait for 等候 6)thank for 为感谢 7)look for 寻找 8)leavefor 离开去
17、9)catch up with 赶上 10)agree with sb. 赞成,同意某人的意见 11)filledwith 把装满 12)talk about 谈论 13)think about 考虑 14)worry about 担忧 15)look after 照料 16)run after 追赶,跟在后面跑 17)read after 跟读 18)smile at 对微笑 19)knock at 敲(门,窗) 20)hear of 听说 21)think of 认为,考虑 22)instead of 代替 23)hand in 交上来 24)hear from 收到来信 25)at on
18、ce 立刻 26)at last 最后 27)at first 起先,首先 28)at the age of 在岁时 29)at the end of 在之末 30)at the beginning of 在之初31)at the foot of 在脚下 32)at the same time 同时 33)at night/noon 在夜里/中午 34)with the help of 在的帮助下 35)with a smile 面带笑容 36)after a while 过了一会儿 37)from now on 从现在起 38)far away from 远离 39)by the way 顺
19、便说 40)by the end of 到底为止 41)in all 总共 42)in fact 事实上 43)in a hurry 匆忙 44)in the middle of 在中间 45)in time 及时 46)in front of 在前面 47)in the end 最后,终于 48)in turn 依次 49)of course 当然 50)a bit (of) 有一点儿 51)a lot of 许多 52)on ones way to 某人在去的路上 53)on foot 步行,走路 54)on the left (right) 在左(右)边 4练习题1. 用介词填空。1._
20、the theatre2. _ Beijing3. _ the cinema 4._ the farm5._ school6. _ home 7._ the park 8. _ the library 9. _ the stadium10._ 1994 11._ November 12._ 15:00 13._ Sunday morning 14._ 6:30 15. _ Monday 16._ January 17. _ May, 1 18._ my birthday19. _ weekend 20._May, 1, 200621._ the playground22._my birthda
21、y party 2.介词填空(1)We have shirts ( )red,blue and yellow. The girl ( )red is my cousin.(2)We have no bread ( )our breakfast.(3)My father buy me a beautiful bike.=My father buy a beautiful bike ( )me.(4)Please show me your photo.=Please show your photo ( ) me.(5)Tom gives me a nice bag.=Tom gives a nic
22、e bag ( ) me.(6)I like to stay ( )bed on Sunday. (7)There are some toys ( ) the bed.(8)There are three birds ( ) the tree. (9)There are many apples ( ) the apple tree.(10)I often buy some things ( )that shop near my house.(11)There is a window ( )the wall. (12)There is a map ( )the wall.(13) She oft
23、en goes to see Beijing Opera ( )her father.(14)She often helps me ( )my English.(15)She writes ( )a pen.(16)The boy ( )short hair is my brother. (17) What is this _ English?(18).Im Class Three. Are you ( )Class Three，too?(19)Sounds （ ） fun. (20)You are good ( )English.=You do well ( )English.(21) We
24、lcome ( ) our school!(22).I am interested ( )Chinese very much.(23)I got ( )Beijing on Sunday.=I arrived ( ) Beijing on Sunday.(24)Dont be late ( )school .(25)You can describe the map ( )your own words (26)He likes writing ( )ink (墨水)(27) We have black and blue hats ( )$15. =We sell black and blue h
25、ats ( ) the price of $15. (28)Is that book ( )sale in you store? = Do you sell that book?(29) Hollywood is famous ( ) the movies and the movie stars.(30) Michael Jordan is famous ( ) a basketball player(31)He goes to work ( )car = He goes to work( )the car = He drives a car ( )work. (32)He goes to s
26、chool( ) foot = He walks ( ) school.(33)Its time （ ）me to have breakfast. =Its time _ my breakfast.(34) He doesnt like math, because its too difficult ( )him.(35) He does Chinese kung fu ( ) an hour every day.(36) He comes ( )Canada.=He is ( )Canada.(37) He only watches sports ( )TV. (38) Can you he
27、lp me fill ( )my calendar?(39)Are you good _kids ？ (40)Jim is good ( )English?(41)Eating vegetables is good ( )health(健康).(42)We want two good musicians ( )our rock band.(43)Please call Bill （ ）790-4230. (44)What time is it （ ） your watch?(45) Last night I arrived ( ) Hangzhou railway station.(46)He
28、 eats breakfast ( )noon=He eats breakfast ( )the middle of the day(47)He is busy ( )the housework every Saturday.=He is busy doing the housework every Saturday(48)His mother is strict ( )him ( )his English studies.(49)The movie is boring and he is tired ( )it. （50） ( ) Childrens Day, all the childre
29、n are very happy.3.单项选择1）The plane arrived at London airport _ Wednesday.A. on B. at C. in D. for2.）What do you usually do _ Christmas?A. on B. at C. in D. for3） The first class begins _ 8 oclock _ the morning.A. at/on B. at/in C. on /in D. on/on4）We will be in Nanjing _ Tuesday _Thursday.A. on/ through B. on/to C. from/to D. on./till5）We will have a football match _ this Saturday afternoon.A. on B. / C. inD. for6）He came to see you _ the evening of May 10th.A. in B. at C. on D. for7）The supermarket is still open _ m
