1、高中英语常用不规则动词分类表高中英语常用不规则动词分类表|1. A-A-A型cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤2. A-A-B型（现在式和过去式同形）beat beat beaten 打3. A-B-A型（现在式和过去分词同形）come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑4. A -B -B型（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
2、burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费（3）其他pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 ay said said 说bring brought brought
3、 带来 buy bought bought 买think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗find foun
4、d found 发现 get got got 得到hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握leave left left 离开 make made made 制造meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖5. A-B-C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）（1）在动词原形后加-n
5、或-en构成过去分词。eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿see saw seen 看见write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道fly flew flown 飞 draw
6、drew drawn 拉，绘画show showed shown 展示（2）过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择forget forgot forgotten 忘记（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉swim s
7、wam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮（4）其他不规则动词的变化。be(am, is) was/ were been 是 be(are) were been 是do did done 做 go went gone 去lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿记忆法一常见93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下：一、AAA型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9个）costcostcost cutcutcuthithithit hurthurthurtletlet let putputput readreadread setsetset shutshu
8、tshut二、ABB型，即过去式、过去分词相同。（共41个）1过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。（3个）bringbroughtbrought buy boughtbought thinkthoughtthought2 词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个）buildbuiltbuilt lendlent lentsendsentsentspendspent spent3过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。（2个）catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught4把-eep变为-ept。（3个）keepkeptkeptsleepsleptslept s
9、weep sweptswept5把-ell变为-old。（2个）telltoldtold sellsoldsold6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。（4个）smellsmeltsmelt spellspeltspeltfeelfelt felt spillspiltspilt7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（3个）learnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeant spoilspoiltspoilt8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。（4个）saysaidsaidpaypaidpaidlaylaidlaid hearheardheard9改变元音字母。（11个）meetme
10、tmet getgotgot sitsatsatfind foundfound holdheldheldspitspatspatshine shoneshone winwonwon hanghunghungdig dugdug loselostlost10改变辅音字母。（1个）makemademade11改变元、辅音字母。（4个）leaveleftleft standstoodstoodhave（has） hadhad understandunderstoodunderstood三、ABC型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共35个）1 iau变化。（6个）beginbeganbegun
11、drinkdrankdrunk sing sangsungringrangrung swimswamswumsink sanksunk2 词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（5个）blowblewblowndrawdrewdrawn grow grewgrownknowknewknown throwthrewthrown（show除外）3 词尾为“i辅（1个）e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或t后加n。（4个）（give，hide除外）drivedrovedriven writewrotewrittenride
12、 roderidden riseroserisen4 过去分词在过去式后加（e）n。（5个）breakbrokebroken choosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozenspeakspokespokenwakewoke woken5 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（1个）forgetforgotforgotten6 过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。（6个）bewas（were）been eatateeaten fallfellfallengivegavegiven seesawseenhidehidhidden（hid）7 词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去
13、分词在原形词后加-n。（2个）taketooktaken mistakemistookmistaken8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6个）dodiddoneflyflewflowngowentgonelielaylainshowshowedshownwearworeworn四、AAB型，即过去式和原形相同。（1个）beatbeatbeaten五、ABA型，即过去分词和原形相同。（3个）comecamecome becomebecamebecome run ranrun六、情态动词型，只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（4个）cancouldmaymightwillwouldshallsh
14、ould记忆法二不规则动词相对于规则动词来说，难记得多，是最难对付的一类词。学生难学，老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的，可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法，以期大家在攻克这一难关时，能收到事半功倍的效果。一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同：costcuthithurtletputreadshut（细心的你一定会发现，这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。）二、 原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同：beatbeatbeaten三、 原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同：comecamecome becomebecamebecome runranrun（come，become，属不规则变化
15、，但welcome属规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为：welcomed，welcomed）四、 过去式，过去分词相同：(1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个emeetmetmet feedfedfed(2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加tfeelfeltfelt sleepsleptsleptkeepkeptkept sweepsweptswept(3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加tspellspeltspelt smellsmeltsmelt spillspiltspilt(4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或 ought结尾catchcaughtcaught teachtaughtt
16、aught bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtbought thinkthoughtthought(5) 将stand改为stoodstandstoodstood understandunderstoodunderstood(6) 将ay改为aidlaylaidlaid paypaidpaid saysaidsaid(7) 将d改为tlendlentlent sendsentsentspendspentspent buildbuiltbuilt(8) 将i改为a , o, u等sitsatsat spitspatspatdigdugdug winwonwon(9) 将el
17、l改为oldtelltoldtold sellsoldsold(10) 词尾加tlearnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeantdreamdreamtdreamt spoilspoiltspoilt(11) 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的：learnlearntlearnt learnlearnedlearnedshineshoneshone shineshinedshinedhanghunghung hanghangedhangedsmellsmeltsmelt smellsmelledsmelledburn/burnt/burnt burn/bur
18、ned/burnedlight/lii/lit light/lighted/lighted(12) 其它have（has）hadhad hearheardheardshootshotshot loselostlostholdheldheld getgotgot（AmE gotten）findfoundfound makemademadeleaveleftleft五、三者均不同：(1) 过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blowblewblown flyflewflowngrowgrewgrown knowknewknownthrowthrewthrown值得注意的是:showshoweds
19、hown或showed drawdrewdrawn(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词beginbeganbegun drinkdrankdrunkringrangrung singsangsungswimswamswum sinksanksunk(3)改i为o变成过去式，过去分词以n结尾drivedrovedriven writewrotewrittenriseroserisen rideroderidden(4) 原形后加n变成过去分词drivedrovedriven riseroserisen eatateeatengivegavegiven fallfellfallen(5)
20、 过去式后加n变成过去分词breakbrokebroken choosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozen mistakemistookmistakenstealstolestolen speakspokespokentaketooktaken wakewokewoken（或woke）(6)其它bewas或werebeen dodiddone forgetforgotforgottengowentgone hidehidhidden seesawseenwearworeworn六、 有两种过去式和过去分词，但词义相同。wakewokewoken （或woke） wakew
21、akedwakedsinksanksunk sinksunksunken七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义：shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词：shoneshone照耀 shinedshined擦亮hunghung悬挂 hangedhanged绞死八、两个既可以做过去式，又可以做动词原形的词lie躺卧laylainlying（现在分词）lay放，下蛋laidlaidlayingfind 找到、发现findfoundfoundfound 创建，成立 foundfoundedfounded九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆（一）词义相对：(1) comecamecome来
22、gowentgone去(2) givegavegiven给getgotgot（AmE gotten）获得(3) sleepsleptslept睡觉wakewokewoken （或woke）或wakewakedwaked 醒来(4) riseroserisen上升、上涨、升起fallfellfallen下降、落下、倒下sinksanksunk sinksunksunken 沉下, (使)下沉(5) buyboughtbought买 sellsoldsold出售, 卖(6) taketooktaken带去bringbroughtbrought 带来(7) teachtaughttaught教lea
23、rnlearntlearnt或learnlearnedlearned学习、学会(8) loselostlost丢失、失败findfoundfound找到winwonwon赢得、（获）胜(9) standstoodstood站、立sitsatsat坐(10) sendsentsent 送、寄、发送getgotgot获得、收到（二）词义相近：(1) beatbeatbeaten 打, 打败 winwonwon赢得、获胜(2) understandunderstoodunderstood 懂, 了解knowknewknown 知道, 了解, 认识(3) getgotgot（AmE gotten）变成
24、、成为、变得becomebecamebecome 变成, 成为, 变得gowentgone变成turnturnedturned变成(4) spendspentspent 花费、度过paypaidpaid 支付、交纳costcostcost花费、价值为taketooktaken花费(5) saysaidsaid说、讲speakspokespoken说、演讲telltoldtold 告诉、说、吩咐、断定talktalkedtalked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论记忆法三：1无变化，过去式与原形相同。letlet, putput, hithit, mustmust, setset, beatbeat,
25、 castcast, costcost, cutcut, hurthurt, readred, shutshut(shedshed splitsplit spreadspread burstburst)2元音字母的变化。ia: beginbegan, drinkdrank, ringrang, singsang, swimswam, givegave, sitsat, sinksankio: drivedrove, riderode, shineshone, writewrote, riserose, winwon,(strivestrove arisearose)iou: findfound
26、 (windwound, bindbound, grindground)aoo: taketook, shakeshookeo: getgot, forgetforgotoa: comecame, becomebecameooo: shootshot, choosechose3元音字母组合的变化。aw/ow/yew:drawdrew, blowblew, growgrew, knowknew, throwthrew, flyflew4元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。(1) sellsold, telltold, retellretold(2) saysaid, paypaid, laylaid,
27、relayrelaid(3) sweepswept, keepkept, sleepslept, creepcrept(4) bringbrought, buybought, thinkthought, fightfought(5) catchcaught, teachtaught(6) cancould, willwould, shallshould5辅音字母变化。(1)buildbuilt, sendsent, bendbent, lendlent, rendrent, spendspent(2)makemade, havehad, hearheard(3)meanmeant, learnlearnt
