1、优质实用外贸英语函电教程 廖瑛主编参考答案I. Comprehension questions.1. Generally speaking, practical English writings can be classified into eight kinds: letters, commercial documents, etiquette documents, contract or deed, informative and revelational documents, bills and vouchers, documents for meeting affairs, etc.2
2、. The special commercial documents include quotation sheets, letters of credit, certificate of entrustment, letters of intent, letters of complaint, letters of claims, etc.3. Etiquette documents can be divided into congratulatory documents and condolatory documents.4. Contract or deed includes inten
3、tion agreement, sales confirmation, agency agreement, contract cultural exchange agreement, letter of appointment, stipulation of agreement.5. Informative and revelational documents are used to inform the public of sth. or to bring sth. into a public notice.6. Expository writing is used to explain o
4、r illustrate something. For example, the instruction is used to explain the properties, quality and model of a products; caption is used to illustrate the film. Trademark is used to mark the brand of a product.7. Some stipulations of agreement, such as joint communiqu, joint statement, joint pledge,
5、 contract, etc. have the function of stipulation, which means that these documents are binding on every sides signed, and that the side who breaks the terms bear political, economical or moral responsibility.8. It means that to almost all the practical English writings, the first function is to info
6、rm or to remind the counterpart or the public of a certain thing or public affair. Besides expository writing has explanatory function. In a word; the so-called “Function of Information and Understanding” is to inform somebody of something and let him or her to act as the practical English writing t
7、old.9. The Function of voucher is the function of evidence. All the documents to external association almost have function of voucher. Especially all kinds of contracts, agreements, certificates, orders, letters of credit, bills, receipts, I.O.U., shipping documents, letters of introduction, letters
8、 of reservation, welding certificate, etc., have obvious function of vouchers.10. In order to write the practical English writings, the author should have a good command of standard modern English, all kinds of social knowledge, knowledge of technical terms, knowledge of social psychology and knowle
9、dge of various profession, such as secretary, management, business theory and practice, etc.11. Because practical English writing has its specific language style, that is, the essential language characteristics which are called the seven Cs: completeness, concreteness, clearness, conciseness, courte
10、sy, consideration and correctness.12. Because a practical English writing is successful and functions well only when it contains all the necessary information to the readers, and answers all the questions and requirements put forward by the readers. The so-called “completeness” is to see to it that
11、all the matters are stated or discussed, all the questions are answered or explained, and all information are provided.13. In a general and vague message, everything seems to be mentioned, but actually, few are fully expounded. The readers only have a vague impression of what you try to achieve, so
12、he or she is at a loss how to react upon reading your message. Especially for contracts, agreements, announcements notices, found, poster, advertisements and business letters calling for specific reply, as offer, inquiring trade terms, etc., the “concreteness” must be always stressed as the general
13、or vague message will cause unnecessary troubles and disputes.14. The so-called “clearness” is to make sure what you write is so clear that it cant be misunderstood. As a writer, you should have a concrete idea in your mind of what you are going to achieve. Only a clear mind can express clearly. In
14、order to make what you write clear, you should pay attention to choose the concise and straight-forward expressions and try to avoid using the words and sentences equivocal in meaning; pay attention to the position of the modifier; pay attention to the object of the pronoun and the relations between
15、 the relative pronoun and the antecedent; pay attention to rationality in logic, the variety in the sentence structure, the compact in plot and coherence in meaning; pay attention to the logicality of the fall text.15. “Conciseness” means you should clearly express what you need to do in a short and
16、 pithy style of writing as possible as you can without sacrificing completeness, concreteness and courtesy.16. The definition of the “You-attitude” is to put yourself in the position of the recipient and take into consideration his demand, hope, interests and so on.17. Because a letter expressed in
17、the way of refined and courteous urbane can make yourself set up an honest and enthusiastic image with good artistic appreciation and professional ethics in the eyes of the readers who will be glad to cooperate with you and serve you wholeheartedly.18. If the sentence is rewritten like this: We assu
18、re you that the goods will be shipped by July 20, it will be better, because it explains the problem in a positive way.19. Correctness refers much more than that of grammar, punctuation and spelling of words, which are the basic elements. The writer should also bear in mind the following: 1) choose
19、the only accurate facts, words and figures; 2) take a matter-of-matter attitude to clearly state what you will say. Dont over-state or understate; 3) pay attention to the correct understanding and using the commercial terms and jargons.20. Because if the practical English writings for international
20、business is not correct, they may be misunderstood and even go astray. Practical English writings for international business, especially, business letters often are bases for various commercial documents such as contracts and agreements, so they are concerned with the rights, obligation, etc. of the
21、 both sides of a trade, the fact of which must call special attention from writers.II. Rewrite the following sentences and make them correct, positive and polite.1. For the past two years, no order has been given to us.2. We are afraid we cant comply with your request.3. Would you please compare our
22、 goods with those of other firms?4. We hope you will effect a full settlement of our claim.5. We would like to make it clear that for further transaction, D/P will only be acceptable if the amount involved for each transaction is not up to U.S. $1 000 or its equivalent in RMB at the conversion rate
23、than prevailing.6. We regret to inform you that the goods shipped by SS East Wind arrived in such an unsatisfactory condition that we can not take delivery, but lodge a claim with you.7. We request your immediate payment.8. We presume that there must be some reason for your having trouble with this
24、article.9. We gladly refund when the returned items are clean and resalable.III. Compare the two letters, you will find Letter B is written in positive way. Then try to translate them into Chinese.Letter ADear Sirs, We received your letter of September 21 relative to inquiries for Ammonium Sulphate
25、from West African and South East Asian clients, which we read with much interest.We regret to inform you, however, that all the makers of Ammonium Sulphate here decided to export this commodity to Latin America 360 thousand tons in total, and this caused the authorities to suspend the export licence
26、 for this commodity for areas other than Latin America, anticipating the shortage in the domestic market, until the end of December.Much to our regret, we have to wait for the time and give up the pleasure of doing business for the time being.Sincerely soliciting your kind understanding of the above
27、 and assuring you of our best services at all times, Yours truly,译文：我们收到了你们9月21日关于来自西非和东南亚顾客对硫铵的询价信。我们以极大的兴趣读了该信。我们遗憾地告知你们，此地所有的硫铵制造商已决定一共向拉丁美洲出口36万吨硫铵。这导致了当局停发拉丁美洲以外地区的硫铵出口许可证，因为他们预计直到12月底该货在国内市场上缺货。很抱歉，我们只能等待，暂不得不放弃做买卖。恳请谅解，保证随时为你服务。谨上Letter BDear Sirs, We thank you for your letter of September 21
28、 regarding Ammonium Sulphate, for which you have received inquiries from your customers in West Africa and Southeast Asia.We wish we could have received your inquiry a little earlier. On the very day it reached us, a contract was signed with Mexico for a total of 360000 tons. Because of this, our Go
29、vernment has decided not to grant export licences for the commodity for areas other than Mexico until December 31, 2000, expecting the shortage which may be caused in the domestic market. Therefore, we shall be pleased to inform you in detail as soon as the circumstances become favourable for us to do business in this line. Yours truly,译文：谢谢你们9月21日函，关于你们已收到西非和东南亚顾客询价硫铵一事。可惜你方的询价到得太晚了，因在该信到达我处的当天，我方已与墨西哥签订了36万吨的合同。因此，我国政府预期这可能引起该商品在国内市场上缺货，已决定在2000年12月31日前停发墨西哥以外地区硫铵出口许可证。因此，一旦情况有利于我们做硫铵买卖时，我们将乐于详告。谨上
