1、考研5500词汇12012年考研英语大纲5500词汇熟词僻义经典总结（完整版）abide vi.逗留, 居住They abide in a remote village.他们居住在一个偏远的村子里。 vt.容忍, 忍受屈从How can you abide such a person?你怎么能屈从于这样的人?about prep.转到相反的方向About turn 口令：向后转！【真题例句】Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face because it was the federal circuit itsel
2、f that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. 【2010年阅读Txte2】对商业方法专利权的限制表明了法庭的态度发生了重大的转变，因为正是联邦巡回法院在1998年被称为“州街银行案”的决议中引入了这类专利，当时法院对一种共同的投资基金资产的管理方法授予了专利。abrupt adj指语言上不连贯的 an abrupt style of wr
3、iting不连贯的写作风格；（指斜坡）陡峭的；absence n缺少,缺乏U(+of)；缺席的时间；外出期；不注意，心不在焉The absence of color in that drawing makes it dull. 那幅画因没有着色而显得晦暗。 He repeated absences from school.屡次缺课。 【真题例句】There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference” characteristic of
4、popular culture. 【2006年Text1】 在美国，大众文化的特点就是“在服饰和谈吐方面大众化的一致性、漫不经心和不拘礼节。”absolute adj有无限权力的专制的An absolute ruler can do just as he please. 一个专制的统治者可以为所欲为。非相对的Theres no absolute standard for it. 它没有绝对的标准。独立的；绝对的We now have the absolute proof of his guilt. 我们现在有他犯罪的确凿证据。absorb vt并入，使合并；减少（冲击、困难等的影响）The s
5、urrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city.周围的村庄已经合并到了日益扩大的城市。Buffer absorbed most of the shock.减速器大大减少了震动。academic n. C学术的学者【真题例句】If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values.【1995 年Text4】如果学校对学业的强调减少一些
6、，也许就有更多的时间教孩子更重要的价值观念。【真题例句】Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “reengineering” has been crude.【1998年阅读text2】哈佛学者伦纳德施莱辛格是一家迅速扩张的美味面包店的前总裁，他说，许多“企业重组”都不成熟。accent n强调,着重U(+on)重点；强调 In all our produc
7、ts the accent is on quality.我们所有的产品都要强调质量。 accept vt欢迎 He was never really accepted by his classmate.他从未真的受到班上同学的欢迎。acceptance nC(商) 承兑，认付 ；Documentary credit acceptance advice 跟单信用证承兑通知书acceptable n可承受的危险，牺牲（商）利润率accessory nC从犯,同谋(+to) 妇女饰品;房间陈设P1 He is Toms accessory. 他是汤姆的帮凶。 Even if she doesnt a
8、ctually read it, a folded pink paper sticking out of her bag is a nice fashion accessory. 就算她实际并不看,但从她的包里探出一卷粉红色的报纸,也是个不错的时尚装饰。 形容词 a. 1. 附加的,附属的;辅助的2. 同谋的,帮凶的3. 非主要的;副的 With two years working experience of sale electronic products or electronics accessory;. 两年以上销售经验者优先。 It was an accessory food sup
9、ply.它提供辅助的食物。accident n机遇By accident of birth, he is entitle to British civil.出生地原因他有权成英国公民。accommodate vt迎合，考虑 accommodate the special needs of minority groups.考虑到少数民族的特殊需要。accommodation n调解，和解They reached an accommodation with neighboring countries. 他们同邻国和解了。accompany vt与.同时发生；strong winds accompa
10、nied with heavy rain风雨交加补充增加The text is accompanied by illustration. 正文附有插图 accomplish accomplished fact 既成事实 accord n【书】给予;赠予;授予O1；(国家之间的)协议;条约C(+with/on) ；自愿U He was accorded a warm welcome at the airport. 他在机场受到热烈欢迎。The government expected a temporary accord with the Opposition before the end of
11、the year.政府期望年底以前和反对党达成临时协议。. I know you were there of your own accord. 我知道你是自愿去那儿的。 account on sbs account for 为了.缘故 account for sth/sb 解释说明；摧残，杀死 Dont change your plans on my account.不要因为我的原因而改变计划。 His illness accounts for his absence.他因为生病, 所以才缺席。Our anti-aircraft guns accounted for enemy bombers
12、.我们的高射炮击落了敌机。acid adj尖酸的，尖刻的 Everyone doesnt like to hear the acid remarks. 没有人喜欢听那尖酸刻薄的话 the acid test 严峻的考验 The acid test for a good driver is whether he remains clam in an emergency. 对一个好司机来说决定性考验就是看他能否在紧急情况下保持镇静。 acidly 讽刺地 acidify 酸化 acquire an acquired taste 爱好 嗜好Abstruse art is an acquired ta
13、ste.抽象艺术是一种通过学习才能获得的爱好。act n. C (常大写)法案,法令；vt装出;举动像Would you tell us something about the new Education Act? 请你给我们讲讲新的教育法好吗?He acted the wise man who knew everything and never made mistakes.他装成无所不知,从不出错的聪明人。 active adj放射性的actually adv实际地，实在地 居然竟然 She actually won it! 她居然获胜了！acute adj严重的 巨大的There s an
14、 acute shortage of water.这里严重缺水。精明的 有洞察力的 He is an acute observer. 他是个敏锐的观察家address vt致函，写姓名地址；【计算机用语】 寻址 address oneself to sth向讲话；忙于致力于 Kindly address yourself to the chairman, not directly to other representatives at this meeting.请你向主席讲, 不必直接向与会代表讲。Let us address ourselves to the matter in hand.咱
15、们来干手头这件事吧。【真题例句】Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.【2002年阅读Tex1】针对不同的听众，要谈的问题也应该不同。【真题例句】Prior to his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter. 【1986年词汇第3题】在离开之前，他给他女儿写了一封信。 adhere vt遵循原则We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly. 我们必须
16、坚持人人都平等对待这一原则。administer vt分发（药物），实施（疗法）Paramedic crews are capable of administering drugs.护理人员有能力给病人服药。 给予，实施（惩罚）Retribution was administered to those found guilty.对有罪者予以惩罚。 vi有助于Physical exercise administers to the circulation of the blood.体育锻炼有助于血液循环。adjust vt安排整理理顺She carefully adjusted her clot
17、hes and her hair before going out.她仔细整理她的头发和衣服才出门。advance vt提出(建议、看法、理论等)The theory was advanced by an American professor. 该理论是一位美国教授提出的。 nC预付款,贷款He was given an advance of fifty dollars on his salary. 预支了五十元薪金给他。advise vt（商业)通知, 报告Please advise the date of shipment as soon as possible.请尽快通知装货日期。adv
18、ice n 消息, 报道; (商业)通知Do not sell on any account until further advice.在另行通知前切勿出售。aerial nC存在或悬于空中；天线an aerial railway 高架铁桥against prep. (表示依据)以为标准I checked my watch against the steeple clock.我根据教堂尖塔的大钟对了表。以兑/交换Please deliver this package against payment of cost请把这件货物送去, 把货款带回。(表示对比)和比, 和对照; 以为背景He is
19、elected by a majority of 40 votes against 10.他以40票对10票的大多数票当选。agency by the agency of sb/sth 由于.帮助；由于.影响He obtained his position by the agency of friends.由于朋友的帮助，他获得了一个职位。rocks worn smooth by the agency of water 岩石由于水的作用而变得光滑agent n. C作用者, 原动力, 动因; 作用剂Soap is not the only cleansing agent.肥皂并不是唯一的清洁剂
20、。特务 an enemy agent 敌特agreeable adj 欣然同意的He was quite agreeable to accepting the plan.他乐意接受这项计划。令人愉快的, 惬意的Its very agreeable to have you here.有你在这里很令人愉快。aggressive adj大胆的，积极的（褒义）【真题例句】 Now it is a social policy, the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the government.【2006
21、年新题型】现在这是一种社会政策，赌博业最重要的和最积极的支持者是美国政府。album n. C唱片Their best-selling album has won three awards. 他们最畅销的唱片赢得了3个奖项。alert vt.使(某人)保持警觉提醒(某人)注意(某事)The voice of the caller alerted her.呼唤者的声音使她警觉起来。The boss alerted him that thief might come out at night.老板要他提防夜里可能有贼。n.警戒; 警报 The whole navy was placed on fu
22、ll alert.整个海军都处于全面戒备状态。alien adj陌生的；相异的，格格不入的He quickly adjusts to the alien environment.他很快适应陌生的环境。【真题例句】There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates” of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. 【2001年阅读Text3】 新
23、闻记者和读者之间存在着一种社会和文化的脱节，这就是为什么新闻编辑室的“标准模式”与众多读者的意趣格格不入的原因。alive adj敏感的，注意到的，感觉到的He is fully alive to the possible dangers.他充分意识到了潜在的危险。有电的The wire is alive. 这条电线带电。充满的In spring those cliffs are alive with auks and gulls.春天，这些悬崖上挤满了海鸦和海鸥。有效的【真题例句】Companies with low accident rates plan their safety prog
24、rams, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them alive and active. 【1999年完型】事故发生频率低的公司往往会事先制定安全生产计划，尽力安排这些计划，并不断使其保持积极有效的状态。allowance n折价;折扣C make an allowance of 10%for cash payment现款九折make( an )allowance for sth 估计到考虑到make allowances for sb 原谅 体谅She failed one of the exam papers
25、, but we ought to make allowance for the fact that she was ill. 她有一门不及格，但我们必须考虑到她当时有病。amount vi等同, 接近His words amounted to a threat.他的话实际上是威胁。no amount of 即使再多也不No amount of talk is going to change anything.谈得再多也不会有任何改变。alloy vt使减弱；使损害；使降低（价值乐趣）Happiness that no fear could alloy. 恐惧损害不了幸福。analogy nU
26、S1类推法It is not always reliable to argue by analogy. 用类推法论证并不总是可靠的analysis in the last /final analysis 归根结底analyze vt.审查细查说明 We must try to analyze the cause of the strike.我们必须尽力剖析罢工的原因。ancestor n. C雏形先驱 The ancestor of the modern bicycle was called a penny farthing.现代自行车雏形当时被称为前轮大后轮小的东西。anchor vt使固定
27、,系住We anchored the tent with pegs. 我们用桩子固定帐篷。 主持(广播节目等)She anchors a 45-minute news show at noon. 她每天中午主持四十五分钟的新闻广播。 angel n. C 纯洁的心地善良的人 Be an angel ,take me a cup of tea.行行好，给我倒杯茶吧！、angle at an angle倾斜The famous tower of Pisa leans at an angle. 有名的比萨塔是斜的。使新闻报道带上某种倾向，从某一特殊角度报道新闻The famous programme
28、 is angled at young viewers.这档著名的节目是专门为年轻人播的vi钓鱼 angling for trout 钓鳟鱼引诱，谋取 angle for sympathy 博取同情announce vt通报.的到达;通知.已准备好The servant announced Mr. and Mrs. Hunter. 仆人通报亨特夫妇驾到。anonymous adj无特色的，无个性特征的 His impeccable, slightly anonymous Chelsea flat.他的无懈可击但没什么特色的切尔西公寓。anticipate vt抢在.之前；提前使用It is u
29、nwise to anticipate your earnings by spending a lot of money.大量提前用自己的收入是不明智的。 In business, youve anticipated before your competitors will act. 在生意场上你必须先下手为强。answer vt符合,与.相符Her qualifications answer the requirements of the job. 她的资历符合该项工作的要求。 合乎;满足The room will answer our needs well. 这房间很适合我们的需要。 vi
30、答辩How would you answer the criticism made of your work? 你对针对你的工作提出的批评作何辩解? 适用;符合He answers to your description. 他与你的描述相符。 apology n. C辩解辩护 an apology for sth 勉强的替代物 Please accept our apologies for any inconvenience we have caused. 若有不便，请见谅。 approach n. C(+to) (科学的)方法，途经【真题例句】For retailers, who last
31、year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time.【2004年阅读Text3】对零售商而言，去年24的年收入来自感恩节和圣诞期间的营业，而现在这个关键时候该采取谨慎的营销方式了。appreciate vt体会,领会,察知W+(that)；vi. (土地、货币等)增值(+in)I am afraid you have not appreciated the urgency of the matter. 恐怕你还没有意识到这件事的紧迫性。Land will continue to appreciate. 土地将继续增值。 apparatus npl组织 器官The breathing apparatus includes the nose, throat and lungs.呼吸器官包括鼻、咽喉及肺。appeal vi. 呼吁，请求 n. 呼吁，请求【真题例句】NBAC members also indicated that they will appeal to privately funded researchers and c
