1、核心素养核心素养练近四年各省高考英语专题分类汇编非谓语动词 副本 副本2017年各省高考英语真题分类汇编专题-非谓语动词1. （北京卷27）. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _ their valuable time. A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved答案：C, 分析：本句考查非谓语动词，to do不定式做目的状语，句意：“现在许多航空公司为了节省乘客宝贵的时间，允许乘客通过网络打印他们的登机牌。”所以选C。2. （北京卷0）. The
2、national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ from butterflies to elephants. A. ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged 答案：A, 分析：本句考查非谓语动词，doing现在分词做方式状语，在这里起解释说明的作用，句意：“国家公园汇集着许多野生生物，从蝴蝶到大象。”所以选A。（北京卷2）. Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time _ with his students. A. to spend B.
3、 spend C. spending D. spent 答案：D, 分析：本句考查非谓语动词，spend和time构成动宾关系，time是被花费，所以用done过去分词做定语修饰time，句意：“Jim已经退休，但他仍然记得和的学生共同度过的快乐时光。”所以选D。4.（天津卷10）. I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train _.A. catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught答案：C, 分析：本句考查非谓语动词，本句中have是“有”而不是使役动词“使
4、、让”，而现在在参加会议还没有去坐火车，表将来要去赶火车，to do不定式表将来的主动，句意：“在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。”所以选C.5. （天津卷14）. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _ more patients to be treated. A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed答案：B, 本句考查非谓语动词，doing现在分词做结果状语，表示必然的结果，上一句医院购进新设备，顺理成章能够使更多病人获得治
5、疗。句意：“医院最近购进了新医疗设备，允许更多病人被治疗。”所以选B。. （江苏卷21）. Many Chinese brands, _their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing答案：A, 分析：本句考查非谓语动词，over centuries说明动作发生在句子谓语are facing之前，brands和develop之间是主谓关系，综合考虑应
6、该用现在分词的完成式，句意：“许多中国品牌，在过去的几个世纪中享负盛名，现在正面临着来自现代市场的挑战。”所以选A。7.（浙江卷 1）. Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 1 (cook) a meal.答案：to cook, 分析：此处考查to do不定式做目的状语，句意：“1年前，Pahlsson为了做饭而摘掉戒指。”所以填 to cook。8. （浙江卷）. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got (sweep) into a
7、pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, whereit remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.答案：swept, 分析：本句考查done过去分词做表语，sweep和the ring构成动宾搭配，该用过去分词表被动，句意：“Pahlsson和她丈夫现在认为戒指可能是被扫入厨房垃圾堆，然后又被倒进花园，它呆在那里一直到胡萝卜的叶子偶然间穿过它长出来。”所以填swept。9. （全国I卷）They are requir
8、ed (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.答案：to process, 分析：本句考查to do做主语补足语，require sb to do sth变成被动语态就是be required to do sth.句意： “他们被要求加工我们吃的食物，用来从伤痛中恢复或恢复其它的身体功能。”所以填to process。10. （全国I卷8）. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fa
9、st food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.答案：eating, 分析：本句考查doing动名词做介词by的宾语，句意：“快餐中含有很多脂肪和盐分，通过吃越多的快餐，人们就会摄入比人体需要更多的盐分和脂肪。”所以填eating。11.（全国II卷）. This included digging up the road, _(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top. 答案：laying, 分析：本题考查doing动名词做
10、宾语，和digging up, building做谓语动词included的并列宾语。句意：“这包括挖路，铺设铁轨和在上面修建坚固的顶儿。”所以填laying。12. （全国III卷1）. But unlike school friends , 1-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (rest).答案：resting, 分析：此句考查doing动名词做宾语，固定搭配是spend time（in）doing sth. 花费时间做某事，句意：“但与学校内的朋友不同，1岁的Sarah并没有休息半个学期。”所以填resting。1. （全国III卷0
11、）. But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her education.答案：to prove, 分析：本句考查to do不定式做宾语，常跟不定式作宾语的动词有want/decide/determine /hope/wish/expect/promise/manage常构成这些动词+ to do结构。句意：“但是，已经和大牌模特参加过表
12、演的Sarah想要证明她智慧与美貌并存，她决定继续她的学业。”所以填to prove。201年各省高考英语真题分类汇编专题-非谓语动词1.【201北京】2. _ it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand.A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make【答案】D考点：考查不定式作目的状语【名师点睛】一、不定式的作用1、 作主语：不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。如：It took us two hours to finish the
13、job.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.注意：（1）其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。 （2）当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is to的句型。试比较： It is to negate my own idea to believe him.（错） To believe him is to negate my own idea .（对） （）It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中，当不定
14、式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时，用of, 否则用 for.2、 作宾语(1) 动词+不定式。如：He managed to escape from the fire.I find it hard to get along with him.（it 作形式宾语）注：下列动词通常用不定式作宾语：want, try, hope, wish, need, forget, know, promise, refuse, help, decide, begin, start, learn, agree, choose, get等(1) 动词+疑问词+to , “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词，
15、作宾语。如：I dont know what to do next/ how to do it next.I cant decide when to go there.注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。如：I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.3、 作宾语补足语(1) 动词+宾语+不定式（to do ）。如：He warned me to be careful.I want you to speak to Tom.What makes you think so? （不
16、带to的不定式） 注：可以用动词不定式做宾补的动词有：ask, tell, order ,want ,get, would like, like, advise, invite, allow, help, wish, warn, expect, would prefer, encourage(2) 表见解、看法的动词结构可为：动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构。如：We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.The book is believed to be useful.（被动语态）() There +不定式。
17、如：We didnt expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。注意：（1）有些动词需用 as 短语作补语，像regard, think, believe, take, consider。如：We regard Eric as our best teacher. 我们认为艾瑞克是我们最好的老师。Mary took him as her father. 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。(4) 在动词feel （一感），hear, listen to（二听），have, let, make（三让），notice, see, watch,
18、observe, look at（五看）(即：吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中，不定式不带to，但变为被动语态后，必须带to。如：They saw the boy fall off the tree. The boy was seen to fall off the tree.(5) help后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to,也可以不带to. I often help him （to）clean the room. I helped him (to) find his things.4、 作定语不定式作定语，修饰名词或代词，不定式和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系、动状关系、同位关系
19、或动宾关系。不定式通常要放在这些被修饰的词后。如：I have a lot of work to do.（动宾关系）He is looking for a room to live in.（动状关系）He is the first person to think of the idea.（主谓关系）He has got a chance to go abroad.（同位关系）注意：1.不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，不定式用主动形式表被动。如： Do you have anything else to say? 2.如果作定语的不定式是一个短语，则要保留不定式短语中的副词或介词。如： I ne
20、ed a pen to write with. (I will write with the pen ) (我需要一支钢笔写字) I have a little baby to look after. (I must look after the little baby ) (我有一个婴儿要照看)5. 作状语作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等，有时还有一些固定搭配的不定式短语，如in order to , so as to, soas to, such as to, .enough to, tooto等。(1) 做目的状语，just to, only to （仅仅为了）, in order to,
21、 so as to, so(such).as to（如此以便）如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。He came to the school to see his son.(2) 作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。如：He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed.He searched the room only to find nothing.(3) 做原因状语。如：We were very excited to hear the
22、news.Im glad to see you.(4) 做条件状语。如：To turn to the left, you could find a post office. 作表语不定式可放在be动词后面，构成表语。如：The question is how to put it into practice.My question is when to leave.His dream is to be a doctor.Her work is to look after the babies.注意：1.不定式在句中作表语时，对应的谓语动词用单数。 2.当主语是不定式时，表语不能用V+ing形式，
23、可用不定式。 如：To see is to believe. （眼见为实）(Seeing is believing. )7独立结构。如：To tell you the truth, I dont agree with you.To make matters worse, it began to rain.二、 不定式的时态和语态1、 不定式的时态(1) 现在时：有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。如：He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. (2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如：Im sor
24、ry to have given you so much trouble.He seems to have caught a cold.（3） 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。如：He seems to be eating something.（4）完成进行时：表示动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并有可能持续下去。如：She is known to have been working on the problem for many years.2、 不定式的语态当不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，就用被动式。如：He was seen to enter the
25、 hall. He asked to be sent to work in Tibet.三、 省to 的动词不定式1、 情态动词（除ought 外，ought to）2、 would rather, had better.3、 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel 等后作宾补，省略 to.注意：在被动语态中 to 不能省略掉。如：I saw him dance. He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night.Th
26、ey were made to work the whole night.4、 使役动词 let, have, make.5、 由 and, or 和 than 连接的两个不定式，第二个 to 可以省去。如：He wants to move to France and marry the girl.6、 help 可带 to ,也可不带to, help sb. (to) do sth.7、 Why dont you/Why not8、 but 和 except 前是动词 do 时，后面出现的动词用不带 to 的动词不定式。试比较： He wants to do nothing but go o
27、ut. He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.9、 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand 等词后，可以省去 to be .如：He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。2.【201北京】28._ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.A. Qrdering B. To orderC. Having ordered D. Qrdered【答案】D考点
28、：考查过去分词作状语 【名师点睛】分词作状语1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句；on doing sth. =as soon as。2. 分词作原因状语相当于as，since，because引导的原因状语从句。. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换，但是可以改写成并列句。4. 分词作条件状语相当于if unless等引导的从句。常见的引导条件状语的分词有given，supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus，thereby，only等。
29、. 分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。.【201北京】2. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _ the old town into a dreamland.A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned【答案】B考点：考查现在分词【名师点睛】现在分词和过去分词的区别：在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义；在时间上，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生，过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。如：falling leaves 正在下
30、落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶一、 分词的作用1、 作定语（1） 单个分词作定语，分词前置。如：The sleeping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the building.A lost opportunity never returns.He is a retired worker.（2） 分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；个别分词如give，left等作定语也后置。如：The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The
31、building built last year is our library.This is the question given.There is nothing interesting.（3） 过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。如：Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists2. The first textbook _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 1th century.A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written. Whats the language _ in Germany?A. speaking B. spok
