1、人教版必修一第五单元Book 1 Unit 5.重点单词识记1generous /denrs/ adj.慷慨的；大方的2found /fand/ vt.建立；建设3principle /prInspl/ n法则；原理；原则4guidance /aIdns/ n指导；领导5hopeful /hpfl/ adj.怀有希望的，有希望的 6vote /vt/ v& n投票，选举7attack /tk/ vt.进攻，攻击；抨击 8escape /IskeIp/ vi.逃脱，逃走；泄露 9relative /reltIv/ n亲戚，亲属10terror /ter/ n恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动11
2、quality /kwltI/ n质量；品质；性质quantity n数量，量12active /ktIv/ adj.积极的；活跃的actively adv.积极地；活跃地activity n. 活动13devote /dIvt/ vt.献身，专心于devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的devotion n关爱；献身，奉献；忠诚14peaceful /pisfl/ adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的peacefully adv.和平地peace n和平；平静；和睦15legal /lil/ adj.法律的；依照法律的illegal (反义词) adj.非法的，违法的16violence /vaIl
3、ns/ n暴力；暴行violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的17equal /ikwl/ adj.相等的；平等的equality n平等，相等 equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地18educate /edkeIt/ vt.教育；训练educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的education n教育educator n教育工作者，教育家19beg /be/ vi.请求；乞求beggar n乞丐20reward /rIwd/ n报酬；奖金；vt.酬劳；奖赏rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有回报的.重点短语识记1out of work失业2as a matter of f
4、act/in fact事实上3blow up使充气；爆炸 4in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中5turn to求助于；致力于6lose heart丧失勇气或信心7come to power上台；当权8set up设立，建立；搭起9be sentenced to被判处(徒刑)10in ones opinion在某人看来.经典原句默写与背诵1However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。2The la
5、st thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。3.we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important
6、，or fight the government.我们被置于这样一种境地：要么被迫承认我们低人一等，要么与政府作斗争。4.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。5I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次跟一个团队说话时，我感觉很糟。1Although he is quite old，he leads an active life.His activities include tennis and painting.(ac
7、tive)2Everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)3After retiring from the basketball field，Yao Ming decided to get further education(educate) in Shanghai Jiao Tong University.4Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is cruel(cruelty) to e
8、at animals.5Doctor Smith will be with you as your guidance(guide)6We had a peaceful(peace) afternoon without the children.7Hopefully(hopeful)，Ill be able to stay at home for three weeks this time.8The youth(young) of today have greater opportunities than ever before.9Its illegal(legal) to drive a ca
9、r without a drivers license.10Her son，to whom she was so devoted(devote)，went abroad ten years ago.1high/good/top quality高质量poor/bad/low quality质量差be of high quality质量高The food is of the highest quality.这种食品质量最优。What is the quality you most admire in others?你最羡慕其他人的什么品质？夯实基础翻译句子(1)质量比数量更重要。Quality i
10、s more important than quantity.(2)他是一个高素质的人。He is a man of high quality.2devote.to.把致力于，专心于devoted adj.忠实的be devoted to致力于，献身于；热爱devotion n.奉献；关照Besides，she often devotes her spare time to helping others.而且，她经常把业余时间用来帮助他人。 (2010浙江书面表达)However，as I stepped into Senior Three，I had to devote most of my
11、 spare time to studying.但是当升入高三后，我不得不把大多数业余时间都用来学习。Alanna has always shown intense devotion to her children.阿立娜一直非常钟爱她的孩子们。夯实基础(1)用devote的适当形式填空He is highly thought of because of his devotion to duty.His life is one devoted to the people.(2)同义句改写She was devoted to her study and she took the first pl
12、ace in the exam.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)Devoted to her study，she took the first place in the exam.3 vote v.投票，表决；建议；n.选票；投票；表决vote for投票赞成vote against投票反对vote on投票表决vote to do.表决做某事He was voted the most promising new director.他当选为最有前途的新导演。The plan was passed by 6 votes to 3.这项计划以6票对3票获得通过。夯实基础(1)语法填空Did you
13、 vote for or against her?If we cant agree，well have to vote on it.(2)Fearing that most of the citizens voted against him，he wore a smile.因担心大多数人投票反对他，他脸上总是露出微笑。4in ones position处于某人的位置(状况)in position在适当的位置out of position不在适当的位置take the position that.认为Im really interested in this position and hope I
14、 can work for you.我真的对这个职位感兴趣，希望能为你工作。 (2011辽宁书面表达)The position of the lamp will give the best light.这盏灯现在放的位置照明效果最佳。Leave the bandage in position until the doctor tells you to remove it.让绷带保持原样，直到医生叫你拆掉为止。特别提醒当position后跟定语从句且position在从句中作状语时，引导词应用where。夯实基础(1)When he applied for a position in the o
15、ffice of the local newspaper，he was told to see the manager.当他向当地报社申请职位时，人们要他去见经理。(2)The agency takes the position that their products are bestsellers.代理商认为他们的产品最畅销。5allow doing.允许做某事allow sb.to do.允许某人做allow sb.sth.允许某人某事allow for考虑到The reason is often that the pressure from their parents allows th
16、em almost no time for other activities.原因是来自父母的压力几乎让他们没有时间从事其他的活动。 (2011陕西书面表达)We dont allow smoking in our home.在我们家里不允许吸烟。He was allowed to leave the country.他获准离开该国。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)The children are not allowed to watch(watch) violent TV programmes.(2)We dont allow eating(eat) in the classroom.(
17、3)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students which allows them to communicate(communicate) freely with each other.6 equal adj.相同的，相等的(the same in.)；平等的；相当的；能胜任的(fit；capable)；n.同等的人；相等物；v.与相等，等于(be the same in.)；比得上；抵得过(be as good as.)be equal in在方面比得上be equal to sth./doing sth.等于；与相等
18、；胜任on equal terms在对等的条件下without equal/have no equal无与伦比He is a player without equal.他是个无与伦比的运动员。Though she is young，she has no equal in music.尽管她很年轻，在音乐方面没有人能比得上她。夯实基础(1)用所给词的适当形式填空I dont think he is equal to doing(do) this kind of work，so I cant hire him.(2)一句多译他能胜任这项工作。He is equal to the job.(equa
19、l)He is up to the job.(up)He is fit for the job.(fit)He is qualified to do the job.(qualified)7in reward for为奖赏as a reward for作为对的奖赏reward sb.for sth.因某事而奖赏某人reward sb.with sth.用某物回报某人He received a medal in reward for his bravery.他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章。He was given a medal as a reward for his service.作为对所提供
20、服务的奖赏，他得到了一枚奖章。夯实基础(1)He received a reward of $900(900美元的奖金) from the police for catching the criminal.(2)It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to rewards(奖励)8in ones opinionin the opinion of sb.在某人看来have a good/bad/high/low opinion of sb./sth.对评价好/不好/高
21、/低In my opinion，people need to learn to accept the reality and keep on trying.依我看，人们应该学会接受现实并不断努力。 (2013北京开放作文)特别提醒(1)英语中“表达意见”通常用express/give/offer ones opinion，而不说make ones opinion。(2)英语习惯上用what询问某人的意见或看法，而不用how。(3)英语中常用according to sb.或in ones opinion来表示“根据某人的意见”。夯实基础(1)In my opinion(我认为)，you sho
22、uld go there by yourself.(2)Opinions vary(观点不同) from person to person on this issue.(3)Most of the audience had a high opinion of(对评价高) the performance of our athletes in the 16th Asian Games.1He found himself really in trouble this time.2Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in the c
23、ity.3The first time I saw him，I was amazed at his devotion to his career.4It is said that when the new president comes to power，he will have to face many difficult problems.5I didnt lose heart and kept running.1As a matter of fact，Ive never been there before.事实上，我以前从未去过那儿。夯实基础(1)同义句改写He appears to b
24、e strong and healthy，but in fact，he suffers from a heart attack.(用in fact的同义短语改写句子)He appears to be strong and healthy，but as a matter of fact，he suffers from a heart attack.He appears to be strong and healthy，but in truth/reality/practice/nature，he suffers from a heart attack.(2)翻译句子其实，做这件事的就是我。As
25、a matter of fact，I was the one who did it.2turn to sb.for help向某人求助turn down拒绝turn out结果是；证明是take turns to do./in doing.轮流做in turn依次；轮流；相应地by turns 轮流地However，when it is something beyond my competence，I turn to my classmates or teachers for help.但是当事情超出我的能力时，我向同学或老师求助。 (2011安徽书面表达)Then I turned to m
26、y teacher and he advised me to cooperate with others.然后我向老师求助，他建议我和其他同学合作。 (2011湖北短文写作)夯实基础用turn短语的适当形式填空(1)You look upset.Whats the matter?I had my proposal turned down again.(2)You can turn to your teacher for help if you are in trouble.(3)Dont worry.All will turn out right.3lose ones heart to sb.
27、爱上某人lose ones temper发脾气lose ones patience失去耐心lose ones way迷路We didnt win the match，but we didnt lose heart.我们没有赢得比赛，但我们没有灰心。 (2013湖南书面表达)夯实基础用lose短语的适当形式填空(1)I found Ive lost my heart to you.(2)My grandfather became fierce when he lost his temper.(3)Weve kept waiting for almost an hour；I lost my pat
28、ience.(4)The team had won no games and it lost heart.1I was touched by her beautiful voice the first time I listened to her singing(我第一次听她演唱)2Only in this way can we(只有用这种方法我们才能) solve the problem as soon as possible.3When I went by his window，I saw him doing his homework(我看见他正在做作业)4My hometown has
29、witnessed/seen/found great changes(我的家乡发生了巨大的变化) in the past 20 years.5The baby has reached the stage where(到了这个阶段) he can stand up.1 He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.1969年7月，他成为第一个登上月球的人。(1)动词不定式可以用来修饰人和物，一般置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，即后置定语。(2)当被修饰成分前有序数词或最高级及the only，the very修饰时，常用不定式作定语。(3
30、)to come将来的；to spare剩余的。这两个短语常放在时间名词后面作后置定语。(4)修饰某些抽象名词的不定式，有时可转换为介词短语。I caught the train with only a few seconds to spare.我在离开车只剩数秒时赶上了火车。夯实基础(1)用所给词的适当形式填空The captain is the last to leave(leave) the ship.The ability to express(express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.Volunteering gives you a chance to change(change) lives，including your own.That is the only way we can imagine to reduc
