1、宏图艺考英语百日冲刺第四周知识点宏图艺考英语百日冲刺第四周知识点一、知识点1. If their habitat is threatened or they cant find enough food, their numbers may decrease. 如果他们的栖息地受到威胁或者他们找不到足够的食物，他们的数目就可能减少。The number of children in the school has decreased this year. 今年在校的儿童人数减少了。There was a decrease in the number of children in school. 在
2、校的儿童人数有所减少。decrease in number 数目减少2. As a result these endangered animals may even die out.结果，这些濒临危险的动物可能会灭绝。The polluted air in the city is badly endangering the health of the residents.城里被污染的空气正严重地危及居民的健康。an endangered species; an endangered culture.濒临绝种的生物种类；濒临绝传的文化die out 逐渐消失，灭绝die off相继死去die a
3、way逐渐停止，逐渐消失die down逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊3. There has been some progress in saving endangered wildlife in China.在中国拯救濒临绝种的动植物工作已经取得了一些进步。4.loss of bamboo growing areas竹子生长区的损失His unfortunate death was a great loss to the firm. 他的不幸去世对他的商行来说是个重大损失。Their company suffered loss on loss in business last year. 他们公司去年
4、在生意上接二连三地亏本。at a loss亏本；不知所措sold the merchandise at a loss. 赔本卖出货物I am at a loss to understand those remarks.我不理解那些话5.a nature reserve 自然保护区I have reserved a room for you at the hotel. 我已在旅馆为你预订了一个房间。reserve of food食物储备I believe your story without reserve. 我毫无保留地相信你说的。6. too much hunting in the 1950
5、s 二十世纪五十年代太多的捕杀7. a natural protection zone 自然保护区8. in peace安详地The two communities live together in peace (with one another). 这两个社区和平相处.Please let me do my work in peace.请让我安静地工作。9. in danger of有的危险；受到的威胁He was in danger of losing his life.他有失去生命的危险。10.longed to help endangered species of wildlife.
6、渴望帮助那些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。I longed for a bicycle.我特想要辆自行车。These young lads are longing to go to watch the football match.这几个小伙子极想去观看足球赛。11. respondI offered him a drink but he didnt respond. 我请他喝酒，但他未作回答。The patient did not respond to treatment.病人经治疗後未见起色How to respond to a greeting? 怎样回答别人的问候？respond by a n
7、od 点头答应respond with a smile 以微笑表示回答respond in damages 赔偿损失12. take me to a distant land带我到遥远的地方The foreign visitors came from a distant country.外国游客来自一个遥远的国度。13. We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs. 为了取得我们肚皮底下的羊毛，我们正在被屠杀。Shall we rest in the shade beneath these trees? 我们在树下荫凉处休息一下好
8、吗？The earth lay beneath a blanket of snow.大地被厚厚的白雪覆盖14. turn around回转,转向 turn down减弱，降低，压低（力量、声音等）；拒绝，不接受 turn up找到；发现；被找到；（将底边折起）把（衣服）改短；出现；来临；露面；把声音开大；把力量加大；发生（意想不到的事）turn in睡觉；把交给警方；归还turn out关闭（煤气、自来水、电灯等）；出席；到场；生产；出产；（常与to, that连用）结果turn on 打开（煤气、自来水、电灯等）袭击；攻击 (= turn upon)（吸用麻醉品后）产生幻觉，开启使开始运作、
9、活动或流动：开始展示，显露出，流露出turn off 关闭，停止终止运转、行为或流动；关掉：使厌烦：15. In relief he burst into laughter. 他如释重负，突然笑了起来。16. Farmers hunted us without mercy. 农民总是惨无人道地捕杀我们。17. a certain number of一定数量的18. Im protecting myself from mosquitoes.我这样做可以防止蚊虫叮咬。19. It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. 它含有一种强效药
10、物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。20. What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed? 如果要成功地保护野生动植物必须做些什么？21. is very concerned about it 对此很关心22. need to have a secure income需要有固定的收入23. Can they be employed to work ? 他们可以被雇来干活么？24. What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals? 应该做些什么来惩罚那些伤害动物的人？2
11、5. run after 追逐26. as usual 像平常一样27. hunt for寻找，搜寻28. be related to 与有关29. What should you say if you are being punished by your parant for something you did wrong? 如果你正因为做错事而受到你父母的惩罚你该说些什么？30. They lived on the earth tens of thousands of years ago, long before humans came into being. 千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生
12、活，必人类的出现要早得多。31. Some scientists think it came after an unexpected incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air. 有些科学家认为恐龙灭绝是发生在一件意外事故之后，当时宇宙间一块巨石击中地球因而在空气中扬起太多的尘土。32. Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time
13、.没有人确切地知道恐龙是因为什么原因，又是怎样在这么短的时间里从地球上消失的。33. according to a UN report 根据联合国的一份报告34. in the last 500 years 在过去500年里35. possible reasons for the disapperance of dinosaurs 恐龙消失的可能原因36. how it might have become extinct 它可能是怎样灭绝的an extinct species已灭绝的物种an extinct volcano死火山All hope was extinct.一切希望都破灭了。37.
14、 tell the truth说实话tell a lie撒谎all told总共；合计tell the time看钟；报时tell a secret泄露秘密; tell fortunes.占卜38. Its a pity that 真遗憾Its a pity that you have to go so soon. 真遗憾你这么快就得走了。feel pity for sb.同情某人. have / take pity on sb.可怜某人What a pity! 多么可惜遗憾!out of pity 出于怜悯同情39. I intend/mean/ plan to 我打算I intend to
15、 go home.我想回家。The book is intended for beginners.本书是为初学者编写的。We intend this news report as teaching material for freshmen.我们打算把这篇新闻报道作为新生教材。You intended that she go. 你计划让她去I mean what I say.我说到做到。I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot.我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。Missing the last bus means walking
16、home 错过最后一班车就意味着步行回家。40. Id rather not我不愿意Which would you rather do, go to cinema or stay at home? 你是去看电影还是待在家里？Would rather die than surrender.宁死不投降。41. I feel like摸起来象；口想要, 愿意；有.的感觉What do you feel like doing today? 你今天想做什么?feel ones heart beat感觉到心跳feel ones way摸索前进I feel it my duty to do so.我认为这样
17、做是我的责任。42. so that 所以, 因此，以便 I study hard, so that I may not fail in the examinations. 我用功，免得考不及格。We turned on the light so that we might see (=so as to see) what it was. 我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。43. to teach them a lesson教训某人44. base on基于， 以为根据45. a start and an ending开头和结尾46. depend on依靠47. write your draf
18、t 打草稿48. swap your writing with 和某人交换作文49. I suggest making a special park for them 我建议建一个特殊的公园。50. Im sure that they will survive with your help 我相信在你的帮助下他们会生存下去的。51. formal start/ending to the letter书信的正式开头/结尾二、完成进行时 完成进行时是完成时和进行时的结合，包括现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时。 A. 现在完成进行时 1现在完成进行时的构成 现在完成进行时是由“have/has bee
19、n +现在分词”构成的。 He is ill. Hes been lying in bed for three weeks. 他病了，已经卧床3个星期了。 Your eyes are red. Have you been crying? 你眼睛红了。你刚刚哭过了吗？ What have you been doing all this time? 这半天你干什么来着？ 2现在完成进行时的用法 表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在 现在完成进行时常和all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently
20、等状语以及since和for引导的状语连用。 I have been reading Hemingways Farewell to Arms recently. 我最近一直在读海明威的永别了，武器。 She has been reciting the words all the morning. 她整个上午都在背单词。 This is what I have been expecting since my childhood. 这是我从小以来就一直期待着的事情。 表示动作刚刚结束 My clothes are all wet. Ive been working in the rain. 我的衣
21、服全湿了，我刚才一直在雨中干活。 He is dead drunk. Hes been drinking with his friends. 他烂醉如泥，他刚才一直在和朋友们喝酒。 表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作 Youve been saying that for five years. 这话你已经说了五年了。 He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher. 自从任教以来，他一直在为报刊杂志撰稿。 表达较重的感情色彩 What have you been d
22、oing to my dictionary? 看你把我的字典弄成什么样子了！ Time has been flying so quickly! 时间过得可真快啊！ Too much has been happening today. 今天可真是个多事的日子。 3 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较 现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复，而现在完成时一般不表示重复性。 Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？ Have you met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗？ 现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩，而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙。 I h
23、ave been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。（可能表示不满） I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。（说明一个事实） 现在完成进行时强调动作，而现在完成时强调结果。 Who has been eating the oranges? 谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些） Who has eaten the oranges? 谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩） B. 过去完成进行时 1.过去完成进行时的构成 过去完成进行时是由“had been +现在分词”构成。 She had be
24、en suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam. 她在考试之前一直患重感冒。 Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧？ Rafael was scolded even though he hadnt been doing anything wrong. 尽管拉斐尔没做什么错事，但他还是挨骂了。2.过去完成进行时的用法表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间。和过去完成时一样，过去完成进行时也
25、必须以一过去时间为前提。 I had been looking for it for days before I found it. 这东西我找了好多天才找着的。 They had only been waiting for the bus a few moments when it came. 他们只等了一会儿车就来了。 表示反复的动作 He had been mentioning your name to me. 他过去多次向我提到过你的名字。 You had been giving me everything. 你对我真是有求必应。 过去完成进行时还常用于间接引语中（详见第12章） Th
26、e doctor asked what he had been eating. 医生问他吃了什么。 I asked where they had been staying all those days. 我问他们那些天是待在哪儿的。 过去完成进行时之后也可接具有“突然”之意的when分句 I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in. 我刚看了几分钟他就进来了。 Shed only been reviewing her lessons for a short while when her little sister interrup
27、ted her. 她温习功课才一会儿，她妹妹就打断她了。 3过去完成进行时和过去完成时的比较 She had cleaned the office, so it was very tidy. 她已经打扫过办公室了，所以很整洁。（强调结果） She had been cleaning the office, so we had to wait outside. 她一直在打扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。（强调动作一直在进行）三、练习一）单词拼写1.Almost all the animals have their special ways to p_ themselves from thei
28、r e_.2.As is known to all, a cow has four s_（胃）.3.If you want to set up a company, first you must a_ to the g_ for p_.4.What he said s_ that he wasnt satisfied with what we had done.5. The hotel bill c_ every fee, i_ the broken glass.6. M_ are the kind of i_ which can be easily found in summer.7. He
29、 was a_ by the story of the hero.8. While reading, please pay much a_ to your pronunciation.9. Many rare animals are in d_, because they are being hunted for.10. In a way, knowledge is a kind of p_ arm. 二）请根据中文意思完成下列句子1. 你知道宇宙如何形成的吗？ Do you know how did the world _ _ ?2在冬天你应该盖上东西保护那些植物不要冻坏。In winter
30、, you should cover something to _ the plants _ the cold.3他处于极度危险中。 He is _ great _.4他没有努力学习，因此他就在考试中失败了。 He didnt work hard. _ _ _, he failed in the exam.5当你驾驶的时候你应该注意标志。You should _ _ _ the signs when you are driving.6我一家人相处融洽。My family lives _ _.7. 恐龙在几万年前就灭绝了。 Dinosaurs _ _ millions of years ago.8他写信申请那份工作。He wrote a letter to _ _ the job.9. 那暴风雨对庄稼有很坏的影响The storm _ a bad _ _ the crops.。三）单项选择1. It seemed that he was_ losing his life. Luckily, he was
