1、高三高考英语必修要点重点复习372013年高三高考英语必修要点重点复习37选修8Unit 3Inventors and inventions要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考重点单词1distinguish vi. & vt.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别2merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的mercy n宽大；仁慈3product n产品4abrupt adj.突然的；意外的abruptly adv.突然地，唐突地5convenient adj.便利的，方便的，就近的convenience n方便，便利conveniently adv.便利地，方便地6caution n小心，谨慎ca
2、utious adj.小心的，谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地，谨慎地7passive adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的8seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺9file n文件；档案；文件夹 vt.提交；将归档10freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的freeze v冰冻11innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的innocence n天真，清白12bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担13tap vt.轻打；轻拍；轻敲 n轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头14current n(水或气)流；电流 adj.现在的；当前的15stable adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的16associat
3、e vt.联想；联系 n同伴，伙伴17practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的18competence n能力；胜任；本领重点短语1call up给打电话2now and then 偶尔；有时3set about 开始；着手4dive into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入5set out(to do) 开始(做)6hang on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障8get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)； (设法)做完；通过9ring back 回复电话10ring off 挂断电话重点句型1The next morning I got up
4、 early before the sun was hot. 第二天早上趁天还不太热，我就早早地起来了。2But once picked up, they tried to bite me. 但是它们一被捡起来，就试图咬我。3Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有在你获得了那种认证后，你才能说是一个真正的发明家。4The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted u
5、nless they are truly novel.(评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。5Remember to include one change to your invention in case it doesnt work the first time.记住对你的发明要有变化的余地，以防它第一次不起作用。高考范文(2007海南，宁夏，全国)假定你是李华，希望通过外籍教师 Peter找一位英国笔友。请写一封短信，描述一下你理想中笔友的条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括：1年龄；2.性别；3.爱好(旅游、运动、养宠物等)。注意：1.词数100左
6、右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已为你写好。Dear Peter，I am writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favor._Best regards，Li Hua范文Dear_Peter，I_am_writing_to_ask_whether_you_are_able_to_do_me_a_favor. I want to have a penfriend, hopefully a girl in her early twenties, and with interests similar to mine. In
7、 my mind, she is someone who is interested in traveling, swimming, and playing table tennis. Besides, it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have kept one at home for some time. With such a penfriend, I hope I can share with her our experiences in traveling, taking care of pets, or whatev
8、er we have in common. And I believe I will improve my English by doing so and learn more about her country. I look forward to hearing from you soon.Best_regards，Li_Hua考 点 探 究 互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1distinguish vi.&vt. 辨别；显示的差别distinguished adj. 卓越的，著名的，杰出的distinguishable adj. 易分辨的，能区分的distinguish between.a
9、nd.区分/辨别和 distinguish.from. 使有别于，使 具有区别于的特征distinguish oneself (as.) (作为)表现突出be distinguished by/for 以为特征/著名即学即练1(1)Hes _ himself _ a teacher.作为老师，他早已负有盛名。(2)We should _ _ major _ minor work and not put the trivial above the important.我们的工作要分主次，不能轻重倒置。distinguishedasdistinguish betweenand(3)What was
10、 it that _ her _ her classmates?是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？distinguishedfrom2convenient adj. 方便的；便利的；附近的convenience n. 方便，便利It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是方便的。Sth. be convenient to/for sb. 对某人来说是方便的。at sbs convenience 在某人方便的时候convenience food 方便食品convenience store 便利店即学即练2(1)We must _ a convenie
11、nt time and place _ the meeting.我们必须安排一个合适的时间和地点开会。(2)When would _ you to go?你什么时候去方便？(3)The hotel has a restaurant for the guests _.这家旅馆为方便旅客设有餐厅。arrangeforit be convenient forconvenience3seize vt.抓住，捉住；把握(机会等)；夺取某物，占领某地seize sth.突然抓住seize an opportunity抓住机会seize power夺取政权be seized with被侵扰；患/得(病)se
12、ize sb. by the arm抓住某人的手臂即学即练3(1)He _ and shook it heartily.他拉住她的手高兴地握着。(2)The enemy _ after a violent attack.敌人猛攻后占领了这个城镇。(3)He _ going abroad.他抓住了那次出国的机会。seized her handseized the townseized the chance of(4)He _ a slight attack of fever.他有一点发烧。was seized with4bear vt. (bore, borne)忍受；忍耐；负担；生育bear
13、doing/ n/to do忍受bear sb./sb.s doing忍受某人做某事bear sb./sth. out证实；为作证bear with sb./sth.耐心对待；容忍bear sth. in mind牢记即学即练4(1)I couldnt _ any longer, so I left the room.我实在听不下去了，就离开了房间。(2)I cant _ waiting.我不能忍受长时间的等待。(3)I doubt if that chair will _.我怀疑那把椅子能否承受得了你的体重。bear to listenbear being keptbear your wei
14、ght(4)You must _ that your parents hope to depend on you to become a doctor.你要记住你的父母指望你成为一名好医生。(5)She _ three children.她生了三个孩子。bear it in mindhas borne(6)Who _ the responsibility/expense?谁要负担这责任/费用呢？will bear提示：(1)bear作“忍受”讲时，其后接动名词做宾语，表示习惯性的动作，也可接不定式做宾语，表示某一次具体的动作，且多与can, could及be able to等连用。(2)bor
15、ne和born是bear的两个过去分词，表示“出生，出世”时用born，并且仅用于被动语态，表示“生育”时用borne。5associate vt.联想，联系n.同伴，伙伴accociation n联合；联想；交往；协会；团体associate sb./sth. with sb./sth.把和联系在一起；由联想到be associated with.和有关associate with sb.与某人交往或常打交道associate oneself with sth.声称或表示自己赞同某事物in association with.与合伙/合作即学即练5(1)Ive never _ you _ th
16、is place.我从未把你和这个地方联系在一起。(2)I wouldnt want to _ Mckeys project.我不想和麦基的计划有任何瓜葛。(3)I dont like these layabouts youre _.我不喜欢你结交的这些游手好闲的人。associatedwithbe associated withassociating with6call up 召唤；使人想起；提出；打电话call at 访问(某地)call on/upon 访问(某人)call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事call back 召回，撤销call for 需要；要求cal
17、l out 大声喊叫call forth 唤起，引起call in 召集；收回call off 取消即学即练6(1)The trip _ of my youth.旅行勾起了我对年轻时代的美好回忆。(2)He _ all the information from the computer.他从计算机中调出了所有的信息。called up happy memoriescalled up(3)He _ just to tell me that he had bought a new DVD. 他打电话就是为了告诉我他买了一台新的DVD。called me up拓展：与打电话有关的短语：ring/ca
18、ll up 打电话ring/call back 回复电话ring off 挂断电话give sb. a ring 给某人打电话sb. be wanted on the phone 有某人的电话answer the phone 接电话hang/hold on 不挂断电话7set about (doing sth.) 开始；着手干某事set aside 留出，拨出(时间、金钱等)，把置于一旁set out forset off forleave for 出发到某地去set out to do 开始做set down 写下；记下；规定set off 动身；起程；激起；引起；使爆炸set up 建立；
19、设置；创建；开办即学即练7(1)You must _ at once.你必须立即开始工作。(2)Do you know how to _ on this work？你知道怎样着手进行这项工作吗？(3)Bell never _ the telephone.(Bell never _ the telephone.)贝尔从来没打算去发明电话。set about your workset about goingset out to inventset about inventing(4)When are we _ (_) on our trip？我们什么时候动身去旅行？setting outsetti
20、ng off8get through 打通(电话)，完成(工作)，通过(考试)；克服(困难)get across 被理解；使人了解get down to 认真地静下心(工作)(to为介词)get on/along 相处get out of 避免；摆脱get over 克服get in 收获get around/round 到处走动；传播出去get away/off 逃脱，离开即学即练8写出下列句子中get through的意思。(1)I tried several times, but couldnt get through._(2)Youll get through this problem
21、._打通(电话)克服(困难)(3)Ill get through this work by noon._(4)We were very glad when we heard that you had got through your exam._完成(工作)通过(考试)拓展：go through 经历；翻阅；检查look through 浏览，仔细检查live through 活过一段时间；经历put through 把电话接通.重点句型详解1But once_picked_up,_they tried to bite me.但是它们一被捡起来，就试图咬我。(1)once作为连接词引导时间状语
22、从句时，后面可接现在分词或过去分词。Once opened, the museum will be very popular with the citizens.博物馆一旦开放，肯定会受到市民的欢迎。(表被动)Once talking with him, youll find him an easygoing man. 一旦与他交谈，你就会发现他是一个随和的人。(表主动)(2)once 引导的从句中，要用一般时代替将来时。Once you have grasped English, youll be easy to get a wellpaid job.一旦你掌握了英语，你就会很容易找到一份报
23、酬很高的工作。(现在完成时代替将来完成时)Once he arrives, we can start.他一到我们就可以开始。(一般现在时代替一般将来时)即境活用1(2007福建) You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence.Abefore BonceCuntil Dthough答案：B解析：考查状语从句。once “一旦”引导时间状语从句。before“在以前”；until “直到”；though“虽然”。2Remember to include one change to your invention in_ca
24、se it doesnt work the first time.记住对你的发明要有变化的余地，以防它第一次不起作用。in case(以防)万一in case 后可接从句，也可置于句末。in case of 要是；在时候(后接名词或代词)in this case 如果这样的话in that case 如果那样的话in any case 无论如何in no case 决不(位于句首，句子应使用倒装语序)Take your umbrella in case it rains.拿着你的雨伞以防下雨。In case I forget, please remind me of my promise.如果
25、我忘记了我的诺言，请提醒我。 In case of fire, open this safety door.一旦发生火灾，打开这扇安全门。In no case may you leave the baby alone at home.你决不能把孩子一个人留在家里。即境活用2(2007北京)Leave your key with a neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day.Aever since Beven ifCsoon after Din case答案：D解析：A项意为“自从以来”，B项意为“即使”，C项意为“不久之后”，D项意为“以防；以免”。句意
26、为“留一把钥匙给邻居，以免有一天你把自己锁在门外”。易 错 点 拨 自我完善误区备考case构成的短语的用法应用(1)It is reported that there will be a heavy rain tomorrow, _ the hike would be put off.Ain any case Bin which caseCin no case Din case答案：B解析：该题考查case的相关短语及定语从句，根据前面说“据说明天有大雨”，可知hike在这种情况下要推迟，which引导定语从句，指代整个主句。(2)The first bus has just left an
27、d the next bus will come in twenty minutes._， we will have to wait.AIn this case BIn this wayCBy this means DIn the end答案：A(3)John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out _ he phones.Aas long as Bin order thatCin case Dso that答案：C解析：as long as意为“只要”，in order that意为“为了”，in case意为“以防”，so that意为“以致；为了
28、”。in case引导条件状语从句。(4)I dont think Ill need any money, but Ill bring some _.Aat last Bin caseConce again Din time答案：B解析：根据句子中所说自己目前不需要钱，可是要带一点备用或者以防万一。in case是“以防万一”的意思，恰好符合此意。in time是“及时，恰好，迟早”的意思。(5)Youd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor _ you have to wait.Aeven if Bas ifCin case Din order that答案：C高 效 作 业 自我测评技能备
