1、考研冲刺必备政治+英语2015年考研比往年要提前，现在距考研满打满算也就半个月了。在这最后的半个月里，我们该如何进行有针对性的复习，以及一些突击性、抢记性的知识对于考研最终的胜利显得尤为关键。社会主要矛盾变化的演变1.半殖民地半封建社会：帝国主义和中华民族矛盾;封建主义和人民大众的矛盾;前者是主要矛盾。2.新中国成立初期：3.新民主主义社会：4.八大：5.十一届三中全会：党不同时期土地政策及土地所有权1.中国共产党土地政策的演变在土地革命战争时期，采取没收地主土地分配给农民的政策。到1931年前后，基本形成了一条比较正确的土地革命路线：依靠贫雇农，联合中农，限制富农，消灭地主阶级，变封建半封建
2、的土地所有制为农民的土地所有制。没收地主土地分配给农民，限制富农抗日战争时期.中共在根据地实行地主减租减息、农民交租交息的土地政策。1947年.中共制定中国土地法大纲，没收地主土地分配给农民，废除封建剥削的土地制度，实行耕者有其田的土地制度，按农村人口平均分配土地。满足贫雇农的要求，不能损害中农的利益。1950年，中央人民政府颁布土地改革法，实行土地改革，彻底废除了我国延续了数千年的封建剥削土地制度。保护富农政策，保存富农经济(合作化后)从限制到逐步消灭富农十一届三中全会后，我国农村实行以家庭联产承包为主要形式的责任制。2.土地所有权的问题：1927-1931没收地主土地分配给农民(使用权和所
3、有权分离)，1931-1956使用权和所有权归农民所有，1956至今土地公有，十六届三中全会：农民承包的土地使用权可以有偿转让。记忆方法(口诀、联想、数字等)必背数字：“一”：1.第一次正式提出马克思主义的中国化命题的会议：六届六中全会;2.第一次把党的优良作风概括为三大作风的著作：论联合政府;3.第一次提出马克思主义的中国化的根本思想原则的文章：发刊词;4.第一次提出建设一项伟大的工程：共产党人发刊词;5.第一次系统总结党的三大优良作风：共产党人发刊词;6.第一次提出思想路线概念的文章：反对本本主义;首次明确反对教条主义，阐述了实事求是、群众路线、独立自主的思想。7.最完整系统地阐述实事求是
4、思想路线的著作：改造我们的学习;8.第一次完整的提出新民主主义革命总路线的著作：在晋绥干部会议上的讲话;9.最早论述新民主主义革命基本思想的文章：中国社会各阶级的分析;10.第一次公开使用人民民主专政的文章：将革命进行到底;11.第一篇系统阐述毛泽东思想的文献：中共七大刘少奇做的关于修改党章的报告;12.提出党的工作重心的转移乡村到城市的文献：在中共第七届二次会议上做的报告;13.第一次明确指出执政党建设问题：中共七届二中全会。14.毛泽东在中国革命和中国共产党中首次提出新民主主义革命这一科学概念15.1954年人大一届通过第一部宪法。16.中共七大确立毛泽东思想为党的指导思想“二”：1.两次
5、历史性飞跃。2.两个务必-务必保持谦虚、谨慎、不骄、不躁的作风;务必保持艰苦奋斗的作风。3.两个凡是-凡是毛主席做出的决策。4.两个联盟思想5.两个革命“三”：1.三大法宝-武装斗争、统一战线、党的建设2.三座大山3.党的三大建设思想建设、作风建设、组织建设4.三大外交政策(毛泽东)-“另起炉灶;打扫。;一边倒”5.三大改造6.党的三大优良作风7.毛泽东思想活得灵魂三个方面8.新民主主义三大纲领9.三个有利于-。10.“三步走”发展战略11.三个代表12.“三个不”-不动摇、不懈怠、不折腾“四”：1.四项基本原则。2.四位一体。3.四个大兴(十七届四中全会)：大兴求真务实之风;大兴密切联系群众
6、之风;大兴艰苦奋斗之风;大兴批评与自我批评之风。4.实事求是基本路线四个基本内涵三分钟让你终生记住毛泽东各阶段代表著作!请记住以下三句话即可：1、萌芽阶段“国民党分析运动”2、形成阶段“井冈山红色本本之火”3、成熟阶段“共产党论战争与文学”这三句话还可以这样联想记忆：“国民党拿着井冈山红色本本之火就称自己是共产党了!”详细解释：毛泽东思想萌芽阶段：19211928年(共产党创立和国民革命时期)，记忆法详细解释：国民党国民党右派分离的原因及其对于革命的影响;分析中国社会各阶段的分析;运动国民革命与农民运动、湖南农民运动考察报告，标志：提出新民主主义革命的基本思想。毛泽东思想形成阶段：192819
7、35年(土地革命中前期)，记忆法“井冈山红色本本之火”，详细解释：井冈山井冈山的斗争;红色中国的红色政权为什么能够存在?;本本反对本本主义;之火星星之火，可以燎原。标志：农村包围城市的道路理论，马克思主义的思想路线，活的灵魂。毛泽东思想成熟阶段：19351945年(土地革命后期和抗日战争时期)，记忆法“共产党论战争与文学”，详细解释：共产党共产党发刊词、中国革命与中国共产党、中国共产党在民族战争中的地位;论论持久战、论联合政府、论反对日本帝国主义的策略、实践论、矛盾论、新民主主义论;战争中国革命战争的战略问题、抗日游击战争的战略问题、中国共产党在民族战争中的地位;文在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话;学
8、改造我们的学习。提示：记住这三句话基本上就可以把毛泽东各阶段的代表作记住了，你只需要根据著作名所含的是哪句话的关键字，就可以判断该著作是属于哪个阶段的!写作类型首先，根据作文内容可将其分为10大类。其实从文章功能来看，我们可把这10大类文章归为三种类型：解决问题、论证观点、阐述现象。其中第一类具有解决问题功能的短文包括了：1、身体健康类；2、职业道德类；3、人口增长类；4、环境保护类；第二类具有论证观点功能的短文包括了：5、情感类；6、人生价值类；第三类具有阐述现象功能的短文包括了：7、文化交流类；8、教育类；9、家庭关系类；10、社会热点类。其次，除了以上三项常考功能模板，我们还将在本部分的
9、最后列出两个具有对比论证功能的模板。虽然自从1997年以来的历年短文题目中没有出现要求进行对比论证的话题，但是考生仍然应该有所准备。下面为大家准备了以下作文模板，供大家参考学习。功能I：解决问题这种类型的文章主要针对一些实际的问题分析其原因和后果，最后提出解决的措施。一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容，第二段分析问题所在，第三段提出解决方案。1、身体健康类 The picture. What is strikingly noticeable is, but it can be easily explained byshown in the picture. The discern ab
10、le unhealthinessdiscloses a prevalent phenomenon that has long existed in the Chinas. One the one hand,. On the other hand,. As a result, the integration of poor living conditions and work pressure leads naturally to their poor health and short life-span, just as the picture tells us. The situation
11、is rather depressing because, and it is largely owing to. To solve the problem, I think there should be a thriving social trend, and those whoshould be rewarded with good living and working conditions.2、职业道德类 We can see from the picture that, but. If, he would surely express. There are three reasons
12、 to explain why it happens to. Firstly, which resulted from. Secondly, though,. Consequently,. Thirdly,. I maintain that effective measures should be taken to put an end to this phenomenon. Firstly, we need to endeavor to advocate. Secondly, strict regulations should be enacted and enforced to creat
13、e a harmonious and orderly society. Only through the combined efforts can we eliminate this “tumor” forcefully and completely.3、人口增长类 The picture depicts a scene in which. The scene is presented in an artistic and ironic manner. Crowds of people are crammed in. Further examination reveals that. Appa
14、rently, the picture symbolizes that humans, with such a huge population, may one day suffer from the exhaustion of earth resources. Takefor example. Given the fact that, we find that. To make it worse,. If the conflict between population boom and shortage of resources is not properly controlled, we
15、have every reason to hold a pessimistic perspective towards humans future on Earth. Perhaps eventually we would face the situation suggested by the picture, that is,. Accordingly, I strongly recommend that the whole globe launch aggressive programs to address this fatal contradiction.4、环境保护类This is
16、a very interesting piece of cartoon, inthanks to. Hence,.Though being a little exaggerating, the cartoon illuminates a serious fact that, and for that matter,. A recent report also supported this view by. On the contrary, we are sad to perceive that.Therefore, in my opinion, it is already high time
17、for the whole world to form a solid cooperation fighting against, because not a single government or person can be exempt from its harm. A series of down-to-earth measures need to be urgently implemented to control. 功能II：论证观点这种类型的文章主要分析论证一些具体的观点。一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容，第二段提出观点、进行理论分析和事例分析，第三段总结观点、表明态度
18、。5、情感类As is shown in the picture above,. Obviously fromwe can surmise that .It goes without saying that the primary purpose of the picture lies in eulogizing the practice of. As a matter of fact, it is not rare to find in our everyday life deeds of similar nature. For instance,. Additionally, we can
19、 also hear many stories about. Not to mention those moving cases of.All in all, I firmly believe that a harmonious society is based on a. By, people not only harvest, but also gainthat can never be purchased via money.6、人生价值类As the old Chinese saying goes,. It echoes with this picture in which. The
20、title of the picture further points out that.The picture is meant to. As far as I am concerned, I think. This universal truth can be particularly proved in the field of, where.A brief survey of history aboutalso demonstrates the fundamental importance of., for example,. The same principle applies to
21、 common people as well, and I am sure everybody can benefit from. 功能III：阐述现象这种类型的文章主要描述一些现象并具体分析解释现象的原因等。一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容，第二段分析该现象的原因、意义等，第三段总结观点、或提出建议。7、文化交流类It is a very eye-catching photo in which. What makes this picture extraordinary is, which clearly indicates.The sense ofthat permeates t
22、his picture is representative of, that is, and therefore,. China, in particular,. The effect of such communication can be best exemplified by.While people belong to nations, cultures know no boundary.is not only featured by, but more importantly, by. I firmly believe thatis contributing, and will co
23、ntribute more to the worlds peace, development, and prosperity.8、教育类As the title indicates, , the set of pictures apparently reminds us that. It is discern able that.The drawing virtually reminds its audience a widespread phenomenon existing negatively in the area of basic education in China, that i
24、s,. That is to say,. Such a practice is very harmful in terms of the following aspects. Firstly,. Secondly,. Last but not the least,.In my point of view, but it is only part of the picture. On the other hand,. Therefore, it is an urgent task to. As children are the future of our nation, creating a g
25、ood environment for their upbringing means creating a bright and promising future for our nation.9、家庭关系类The cartoon reveals a very thought-provoking scene. The artist purposefully exaggerates. This picture reveals the in-depth problem of.In fact,. There are two reasons for this. The first and perhap
26、s most important is that. The other reason is more serious from a practical point of view. It owes to.In my point of view, the trend goes quite against the genuine and original purpose of our. What I want to emphasize by the above analysis is that,. Therefore, I strongly contend that.10、社会热点类The two
27、 pictures illustrate vividly. In the left picture, while in the right.From the two pictures we can sense a crazy tendency of. Aside from, another telling example is, which was so successful inthat. The pictures also make it obvious that we should.Admittedly, it is natural that. Nevertheless, it is the responsibility of our government and society to. In my opinion, whats the more important is to. In short,. 功能IV：对比论证这类功能具体是针对那些要求比较不同事物或者同一事物的不同方面的文章。一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容、提出问题，第二段列举和分析对于该问题的不同看法和观点、进行对比和比较，第三段阐明自己的观点和看法。According to the two pictur
