1、医学专业英语词汇Combining Form词根词缀Combining FormMeaningExample (Definition)aden/oglandadenopathy (gland diseasecarcin/ocancercarcinoma (cancerous tumor)cardi/oheartcardiac (pertaining to the heart)chem/ochemicalchemotherapy (treatment with chemicalscis/oto cutincision (process of cutting into)dermat/oskinde
2、rmatology (study of the skin)enter/osmall intestinespertaining to the small intestinesgastr/ostomachgastric (pertaining to the stomach)gynec/ofemalegynecology (study of females)hemat/obloodpertaining to the bloodhydr/owaterhydrocele (protrusion of water)immune/oimmuneimmunology (study of immunity)la
3、ryng/ovoice boxlaryngeal (pertaining to the voice box)morph/oshapemorphology (study of shape)nephr/okidneynephromegaly (enlarged kidney)neur/onerveneural (pertaining to a nerve)ophthalm/oeyeophthalmic (pertaining to the eye)ot/oearotic (pertaining to the ear)path/odiseasepathology (study of disease)
4、pulmon/olungpulmonary (pertaining to the lungs)rhin/onoserhinoplasty (surgical repair of the nose)ur/ourine, urinary tracturology (study of the urinary tract)Common PrefixesPrefixMeaningExample (Definition)a-without, away fromaphasia (without speech)an-withoutanoxia (without oxygen)antebefore, in fr
5、ont of antepartum (before birth)anti-againstantibiotic (against life)auto-selfautograft (a graft from ones own body)brady-slowbradycardia (slow heartbeat)dys-painful, difficultdyspnea (painful breathing)endo-within, innerendoscope (instrument to view within)epi-upon, overepigastric (upon or over the
6、 stomach)eu-normal, goodeupnea (normal breathing)hetero-differentheterograft (a graft from another persons body)homo-samehomozygous (having two identical genes)hydro-waterhydrotherapy (water therapy)hyper-over, abovehypertrophy (overdevelopment)hypo-under, belowhypoglossal (under the tongue)infra-un
7、der, beneath, belowinfraorbital (below, under the eye socket)inter-among, betweenintervertebral (between the vertebrae)intra-within, insideintravenous (inside, within a vein)macro-largemacrocephalic (having a large head)micro-smallmicrocephalic (having a small head)neo-newneonate (newborn)pan-allpan
8、carditis (inflammation of all the heart)para-beside, beyond, nearparanasal (near or alongside the nose)per-throughpercutaneous (through the skin)peri-aroundpericardial (around the heart)post-afterpostpartum (after birth)pre-before, in front of prefrontal (in front of the frontal bone)pseudo-falsepse
9、udocyesis (false pregnancy)retro-backward, behindretrograde (movement in a backwards direction)sub-below, undersubcutaneous (under, below the skin)super-above, excesssupernumerary (above the normal number)supra-abovesuprapubic (above the pubic bone)tachy-rapid, fasttachycardia (fast heartbeat)trans-
10、through, acrosstransurethral (across the urethra)ultra-beyond, excessultrasound (high-frequency sound waves)Number PrefixesPrefixMeaningExample (Definition)bi-twobilateral (two sides)di-twodiplegic (paralysis of two extremities)hemi-halfhemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the body)mono-onemonoplegi
11、a (paralysis of one extremity)multi-manymultigravida (woman pregnant more than once)nulli-nonenulligravida (woman with no pregnancies)poly-manypolyuria (large amounts of urine)quad-fourquadriplegia (paralysis of all four extremities)semi-partial, halfsemiconscious (partially conscious)tri-threetrice
12、ps (muscle with three heads)uni-oneunilateral (one side)Common SuffixesSuffixMeaningExample (Definition)-algiapaingastralgia (stomach pain)-celehernia, protrusioncystocele (protrusion of the bladder)-cisecutexcise (to cut out)-dyniapaincardiodynia (heart pain)-ectasisdilatationbronchiectasis (dilate
13、d bronchi)-ectopiadisplacementcorectopia (pupil of the eye not centered)-genthat which producesmutagen (that which produces mutations)-genesisproduces, generatesosteogenesis (produces bone)-genicproducingcarcinogenic (producing cancer)-iastate, conditionhemiplegia (condition of being half paralyzed)
14、-iasisabnormal conditionlithiasis (abnormal condition of stones)-ismstate ofhypothyroidism (state of low thyroid)-itisimflammationcellulitis (inflammation of cells)-logistone who studiescardiologist (one who studies the heart)-logystudy ofcardiology (study of the heart)-lysisdestructionosteolysis (b
15、one destruction)-malaciaabnormal softeningchondromalacia (abnormal cartilage softening)-megalyenlargement, largecardiomegaly (enlarged heart)-omatumor, masscarcinoma (cancerous tumor)-osisabnormal conditioncyanosis (abnormal condition of being blue)-pathydiseasemyopathy (muscle disease)-plasiadevelo
16、pment, growthdysplasia (abnormal development)-plasmformation, developmentneoplasm (new formation)-ptosisdroopingproctoptosis (drooping rectum)-rrhageexcessive, abnormal flowhemorrhage (excessive bleeding)-rrheadischarge, flowrhinorrhea (discharge from the nose)-rrhexisrupturehysterorrhexis (ruptured
17、 uterus)-sclerosishardeningarteriosclerosis (hardening of an artery)-stenosisnarrowingangiostenosis (narrowing of a vessel)-therapytreatmentchemotherapy (treatment with chemicals)-trophynourishment, developmenthypertrophy (excessive development)-uriacondition of the urinehematuria (blood in the urin
18、e)Surgical SuffixesSuffixMeaningExample (Definition)-centesispuncture to withdraw fluidarthrocentesis (puncture to withdraw fluid from a joint)-ectomysurgical removalgastrectomy (surgically remove the stomach)-ostomysurgically create an openingcolostomy (surgically create an opening for the colon th
19、rough the abdominal wall)-otomycutting intothoracotomy (cutting into the chest)-pexysurgical fixationnephropexy (surgical fixation of a kidney)-plastysurgical repairdermatoplasty (surgical repair of the skin)-rrhaphysuturemyorrhaphy (suture together muscle)Procedural SuffixesSuffixMeaningExample (De
20、finition)-gramrecord or pictureelectrocardiogram (record of hearts electricity)-graphinstrument for recordingelectrocardiograph (instrument for recording the hearts electrical activity)-graphyprocess of recordingelectrocardiography (process of recording the hearts electrical activity)-meterinstrumen
21、t for measuringaudiometer (instrument to measure hearing)-metryprocess of measuringaudiometry (process of measuring hearing)-scopeinstrument for viewinggastroscope (instrument to view stomach)-scopyprocess of visually examininggastroscopy (process of visually examining the stomach)Combining Forms Co
22、mmonly Used in Integumentary SystemCombining form Meaning Example adip/o fat adiposealbin/o white albinism caus/o burn, burning causalgiacutane/o skin subcutaneousderm/o skin epidermisdermat/o skin dermatitisdisphor/o profuse sweating diaphoresis hidr/o sweat anhidrosisichthy/o scaly, dry ichthyosis
23、kerat/o hard, horny tissue keratosisleuk/o white leukoplakia lip/o fat lipoma melan/o black melanocytemyc/o fungus dermatomycosisonych/o nail onycholysispil/o hair pilosebaceousrhytid/o wrinkle rhytidoplasty seb/o oil seborrheatrich/o hair trichomycosis xanth/o yellow xanthoma Suffixes Commonly Used
24、 in This SystemSuffix Meaning Example-derma skin scleroderma-opsy view of biopsy-plakia a plate leukoplakia-tome instrument used to cut dermatomeCombining Forms Commonly Used in Musculoskeletal SystemCombining form Meaning Examplearthr/o joint arthrocentesisarticul/o joint articulationburs/o sac bur
25、sitischondr/o cartilage chondroplastycost/o rib costectomycrani/o skull craniotomymyel/o bone marrow myelitisorth/o straight orthopedicsoste/o bone osteoporosisspondyl/o vertebra,backbone spondylarthritisthorac/o chest thoracicvertebr/o vertebra,backbone intervertebralfasci/o fascia fasciorrhaphymy/
26、o muscle electromyogramten/o tendon tenodyniatend/o tendon tendotomytendin/o tendon tendinitisSuffixes Commonly Used in This SystemSuffix Meaning Example-kinesia movement dyskinesia-porosis porous osteoporosis-trophy development hypertrophy-malacia abnormal softening osteomalaciaCombining formMeanin
27、gExampleangi/ovesselangioplastyaort/oaortaaortic stenosisarter/o, arteri/oarteryarteriosclerosisather/oyellowish plaque, fatty substanceatherosclerosis atri/oatrium, upper heart chamberatrioventricularcardi/oheartcardiomyopathycholesterol/ocholesterolhypercholesterolemiacorn/oheartcoronary arteriesc
28、yan/obluecyanosisox/ooxygenhypoxiapericardi/opericardiumpericardiocentesisphleb/oveinphlebotomyrrhythm/orhythmarrhythmiasphygm/opulsesphygmomanometersteth/ocheststethoscopethromb/oclotthrombolysisvalvul/o, valv/ovalvevalvuloplastyvas/ovesselvasoconstrictionvascul/ovesselvascularven/oveinvenousventricul/oventricle, lower heart chamberventriculotomyPrefixes Relating to the Cardiovascular SystemPrefixMeaningExamplebrady-slowbradycardiatachy-fasttachycardiaSuffixes Relating to the Cardiovascular SystemSuffixMeaningExample-manometerInstrument to measure pressuresphygmomanometer-olesmallarteriol
