1、高考英语总复习专题11名词性从句含答案、考点一 主语从句1. you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.(2013四川,6)A.When B.How C.What D.That剖析:C考查名词性从句。句意:你在会上所说的话为公司描绘了一个光明的前途。由句子结构可知,此处引导主语从句且在从句中充当动词said的宾语,因此用what。【技巧点拨】 做有关从句的引导词的题目时,要在理解句意的基础上准确分析句子结构,看引导词是否在从句中充当句子成分,如果充当句子成分,是作主语、宾语、表语还是状语,从而选用正确的引
2、导词。2.It remains to be seen the newly formed committee s policy can be put into practice.(2013陕西,20)A.that B.whichC.what D.whether剖析:D考查主语从句。句意:这个新组建的委员会的政策能否实施还有待观察。分析句子结构可知,It作形式主语,而真正的主语是后面的从句“the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice”;再根据句意来判断,此处表示“是否”的意思。故答案为D。3. struck me most
3、 in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.(2013重庆,28)A.That B.ItC.What D.Which剖析:C考查主语从句。句意:这部电影最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。“ struck me most in the movie”为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“什么”,故用what引导。4. one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.(2013江西,30)A.Whoever B.WhateverC.Whichever D.Wherever剖析:C考查主语
4、从句。句意:你们中任何一人打破窗户都必须赔偿。根据句子结构可知,句子的主语应为一个句子,引导句子的关系词要修饰one,选项中只有C项符合。用whichever修饰one,指“你们中的任何一个人”。5. makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.(2013北京,31)A.That B.WhatC.Who D.Which剖析:B考查主语从句。句意:让这本书如此非凡的是作者创造性的想象力。what makes the book so extraordinary是主语从句,what在从句中作主语。
5、选项B正确。6. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.(2013天津,15)A.That B.WhichC.Whether D.What剖析:D考查主语从句。句意:我想告诉你的是我对我父母深深的爱和尊重。分析句子结构可知,“ I want to tell you”为主语从句,从句中缺少宾语,又指物,应用what,故选D。7.It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.(2012新课标全国,24)A.how B.
6、whichC.that D.what 剖析:D句意:总统会做什么来结束罢工一点也不清楚。it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句,而连接词在从句中作do的宾语,故排除how与that,根据句意再排除B。8.The limits of a persons intelligence,generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.(2012安徽,27)A.where B.whetherC.that D.why 剖析:B句意:一个人的智力的极限,一般来说,在
7、出生时就是固定的,但他能否到达这些智力极限将取决于他的后天成长环境。由“.will depend on his environment.”可知此处是对主语从句的考查。从句不缺少任何成分,只是按照句意缺少“是否”之意的连词。故选B。9.It doesnt matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store.(2012山东,25)A.how B.whetherC.what D.why 剖析:B句意:在这个商场,你可以付现金,也可以刷卡。用哪种方式都无所谓。句中it为形式主语,指代后面whether引导的主语从句。10.It suddenly oc
8、curred to him he had left his keys in the office.(2012江西,25)A.whether B.whereC.which D.that 剖析:D句意:他突然想起,他把钥匙忘在了办公室里。句中it为形式主语,真正的主语是由that引导的主语从句。主语从句的语义完整,所以用that引导。11. Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.(2011北京,22)A.Which B.WhatC.That D.Whom 剖析:B句意:芭芭拉琼斯展现在她的粉丝面前的是真诚和快乐。分析句子
9、结构可知,系动词is前是主语从句。空格处的引导词在从句中作offers的宾语,应该用what,意为“的东西”。which表示在指定范围内的选择,意为“哪一个”,that引导主语从句不充当任何成分也没有任何意义;whom指人,不合题意。12.It was never clear the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.(2011江苏,26)A.that B.howC.when D.why剖析:D句意:为何此人不及早汇报事故始终不明了。句中it为形式主语,真正的主语是由why引导的主语从句。13.The villagers have already k
10、nown well do is to rebuild the bridge.(2011江西,26)A.this B.thatC.what D.which剖析:C句意:村民们已经知道我们将要做的是重建这座桥。考查宾语从句和主语从句,what在主语从句中作谓语动词do的宾语。14. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.(2010北京,33)A.Whether B.WhatC.That D.How剖析:B句意:被一些人当作是缺点的东西却被许多其他的人看作优点。此句为主语从句,并且从句中缺少宾语,故只能选w
11、hat。考点二 宾语从句1.Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.(2013新课标全国,26)A.which B.whereC.how D.what剖析:D考查名词性从句。句意:警察找到的东西似乎是那尊丢失的古代雕像。分析句子成分可知,此处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作主语,故用what。2.Its good to know the dogs will be well cared for while were away.(2013山东,30)A.what B.whoseC.which D.that剖析:D考查宾语从句。句意:
12、得知我们离开时狗会得到很好的照顾真高兴。分析句子结构可知,know后接宾语从句且从句中不缺少任何成分,所以选D。【技巧点拨】 在名词性从句中,that和what是考查的热点之一。选用that必须满足两个条件:从句中不缺少任何成分;整个主从复合句句意完整。而当从句中缺少主语或宾语且所缺词表示物时用what。3.Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.(2013北京,33)A.why B.whereC.that D.what剖析:C考查宾语从句。句意:专家们认为如果人们只在必要
13、时购物,就会浪费较少的食物。此处that引导的是宾语从句,that在从句中没有词义,不作任何句子成分。【技巧点拨】 解答本题的关键是:1.根据句子成分确定所选的词引导的是宾语从句(作believe的宾语)。2.确定宾语从句是否缺少某个句子成分。该句主、谓、宾及状语俱全,可以判定引导宾语从句的词在句中不作任何句子成分。这样的词只有that(而且还可省略)。4.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt he could have expressed it differently.(2012北京,24)A.why B.howC.that D.w
14、hether剖析:C句意:Jerry不后悔提出意见,但是感觉他本可以用不同的方式表达的。此处考查由that引导的宾语从句,因为从句结构和意思都完整,故选C项。5.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain.(2012辽宁,34)A.wherever B.howeverC.whatever D.whichever剖析:C句意:这位新人前几天到图书馆里去寻找他能找到的有关马克吐温的所有东西。从句中find缺少宾语,故排除A、B两项;whichever无论
15、哪一个,不合题意;whatever一切事物,任何事物。故选C项。6.We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(2012福建,35)A.who B.whomC.whoever D.whomever剖析:C句意:我们许诺向任何参加聚会的人提供一次和电影明星合影的机会。此处为whoever引导的宾语从句,whoever在此处相当于anyone who。7.As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose
16、suits you best.(2012陕西,20)A.whatever B.whicheverC.whenever D.wherever剖析:B句意:我们为你提供了多达五门课程,你可以自由选择其中最适合你的,根据句意和题干中的five courses可知,此处表达在一定的、可知的范围内挑选任何一个,应该用whichever。8.Scientists study human brains work to make computers.(2012四川,17)A.when B.howC.that D.whether剖析:B句意:为了研制出电脑,科学家们研究人脑是如何运作的。根据句意选择how,此处
17、how引导宾语从句,且在宾语从句中作方式状语,含义为“如何”。9.Weve offered her the job,but I dont know shell accept it.(2011山东,33)A.where B.whatC.whether D.which剖析:C句意:我们已经为她提供了这份工作,但我不知道她是否会接受。选项中whether引导宾语从句表示是否,where表示地点;what往往在名词性从句中指“的事或物”;which表示“哪一个”。10.His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out it is he
18、 is trying to express.(2011安徽,33)A.that B.howC.who D.what剖析:D句意:他的笔迹非常混乱,很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语make out引起的宾语从句,该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语,表示事物,故选择D项。that在宾语从句中不作句子成分;how作方式状语;who作主语,指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。11.It is not always easy for the public to see use a new invention can be of to human life.(2011重庆,34)A.wh
19、ose B.whatC.which D.that剖析:B句意:对于公众来说,要想知道一项新的发明对人类的生活有什么用处并不总是一件容易的事。此句中,it为形式主语,to see use a new invention can be of to human life是真正的主语,其中 use a new invention can be of to human life是see的宾语从句,其正常语序为a new invention can be of use to human life,引导宾语从句时,whose +n.表示“谁的”;what +n.表示“什么”;which +n.表示“哪个、哪
20、些”;that后面不能接名词。由此可以看出该空填what,what use“什么用处”,故选B。考点三 表语从句1.From space,the earth looks blue.This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.(2013安徽,21)A.why B.howC.because D.whether剖析:C考查表语从句的引导词。句意:从太空看,地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一被水所覆盖。分析前后两句之间的逻辑关系可知,此处为“前果后因”,应用because,故选C。why也可引导表语
21、从句,但why引导的表语从句与前句的逻辑关系为“前因后果”。【技巧点拨】 because和why均可引导表语从句,解题时要弄清前后句之间的逻辑关系是“前因后果”还是“前果后因”。“前因后果”使用why,“前果后因”使用because。2.I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer,which is he never finishes anything.(2011山东,26) A.that B.when C.where D.why剖析:D句意:恐怕说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家,这就是为什么他总是一事无成。which引导非限制性定语从句,从句中的系
22、动词is后是表语从句,根据句意应该用“why”引导,表原因。3.Id like to start my own businessthats Id do if I had the money.(2011陕西,15)A.why B.when C.which D.what剖析:D句意:我想创办自己的公司如果我有了钱的话一定会那样做。空格处到句尾是系动词is的表语从句,引导词在从句中充当do的宾语,且意为“的事”,应该用what。4.I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats I dont ag
23、ree.You should have a more active life.(2010江苏,35)A.where B.how C.when D.what剖析:A句意:星期天我更喜欢把自己整天关在家里听音乐。那正是我不同意的地方。你应该生活更活跃一些。句子中that是主语,is是系动词,where I dont agree是表语从句。I dont agree从句主语为I,所以不缺主语,agree是谓语动词,通常作不及物动词,不能直接接名词作宾语,所以不缺宾语,故连接词what不能用。5.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel
24、,David Copperfield,was it was rather closely modeled on his own life.(2010北京,32) A.what B.that C.why D.whether剖析:B句意:狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。系动词was后是表语从句,该从句的意义和句子结构都很完整,应该用that引导,引导表语从句的that在句子中不充当任何的成分。考点四 同位语从句1.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief
25、you are better than anyone else on the sports field.(2013浙江,16)A.how B.that C.which D.whether剖析:B本题考查同位语从句的引导词。题干的意思是:“要取得最高水平的成功,唯一的方法就是要完全相信在体育运动方面你比任何人都优秀。”have total belief that.完全相信,为固定句式。此处belief后接了同位语从句,从句不缺少成分,用that引导,所以正确选项为B项。2.I made a promise to myself this year,my first year in high sch
26、ool,would be different.(2012浙江,4)A.whether B.what C.that D.how 剖析:C句意:我对自己许下了一个诺言:今年,也就是我上高中的第一年将会是不同的一年。此处的从句说明promise的内容,从句中不缺少成分,意思也很完整,应该用that引导。3.The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.(2012江苏,27)A.when B.thatC.whether D.how 剖析:B句意:会议将会被推迟,这条通知于今天下午两点左右传来。“th
27、e meeting would be postponed”是对the notice的内容的陈述,即“通知就是会议将会被推迟”,从句的意思完整,故用that引导同位语从句。4.Evidence has been found through years of study childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.(2012重庆,34)A.why B.howC.whether D.that剖析:D句意:多年的研究证明,儿童早期的睡眠问题很可能会持续到他们长大成人。分析句子结构可知,childr
28、ens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up是同位语从句,解释说明前面的名词evidence的具体内容,从句句意完整,不缺少成分,故用that引导。5.When the news came the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army.(2011辽宁,32)A.since B.whichC.that D.because剖析:C句意:当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定去部队服役。此处的“ the war broke out”解释说明the news的具体内
29、容,故为同位语从句,且从句中不缺少成分,用that连接。6.Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases.(2011天津,13)A.what B.whichC.that D.where剖析:C句意:现代科技已经给出了充分的证据,表明吸烟可能引起许多疾病。空格处到句尾是同位语从句,解释说明evidence的内容。从句意思和结构都很完整,应该用that来引导。引导名词性从句的that在句子中不充当任何的成分也没任何意义,只起引导作用。7.One reason for her preference
30、for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.(2010上海,36)A.that B.how C.what D.why剖析:A句意:她喜欢城市生活的原因之一是去超市和饭店很方便。空格处到句尾是同位语从句,解释说明reason的内容。从句意思和结构都很完整,应该用that来引导。引导同位语从句的that在句子中不充当任何的成分也没任何意义,只是引导作用。模拟试题考点一 主语从句1. annoys the parents is that children spend too much t
31、ime getting online.(2013河北保定高三摸底)A.That B.WhichC.What D.It 剖析:C句意:烦扰父母们的是孩子们花费太多的时间上网。此处what在主语从句中作主语。故选C。2. At the evening party the host said was able to solve the riddle could get a nice present as a reward.(2013浙江综合能力训练卷七)A.whoever B.whoC.no matter who D.whomever剖析:A考查名词性从句。句意:在晚会上主持人说,谁能解开这个谜可以得到一个好礼物作为奖励。此处whoever=anyone who引导主语从句,而w
