1、重难点突破14连词与并列句中考英语语法复习重难点释疑与突破中考英语总复习语法重难点释疑与突破14连词与并列句【重难点释疑】1、连词的含义：连接词与词、短语与短语、或引导从句的词叫连接词。2、连词的分类：连词分为并列连接词和从属连接词两种。（1）并列连接词连接并列的词、短语、从句或句子。常见的并列连接词有：and(和),but(但是),or(或者,否则),nor(也不), so(所以), however(然而,无论如何),for(因为),still(可是),as well as(也),both.and.(.和.), not only .but also.(不但而且), either or(或或)
2、,neither nor(既不也不)等。（2）从属连接词用于引导从句,常见的从属连接词有：when(当时候), while(正当时候), after(在之后), before(在之前), since(自从), until(直到), although/though(虽然), if(假如), as(如一样；由于), as as(和一样), as far as(就而言), as long as(只要), as soon as(一就), even if(即使), because(因为), unless (除非), than(比), whether (是否), in order that(为了), so
3、that(如此以致), so that(以便), now that(现在既然), by the time(到时候), every time(每当), as if(仿佛),no matter when(或whenever)(无论何时),no matter where(或wherever)(无论在哪里)等。连词辨析(1) because、as、since、for的用法：because(因为)表示原因的语气最强,常表示必然的因果关系,从句一般放在主句后面；另外,回答why的问句只能用because. as(因为)表示一般的因果关系,语气比because弱,说明比较明显的原因,它引导的从句可以放在句首
4、也可以放在句尾。since(既然)表示对方已经知道、无需加以说明的原因或事实。for(因为)是并列连词,语气较弱,用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释。如：He is not at school today because he is seriously ill.（他今天没有上学因为他病得厉害）/ As all of you have got here, now, lets go to the zoo.（既然大伙儿都到了我们就去动物园吧）/ I will ask Lin Tao to go with me since you are very busy.（既然你很忙我就叫林涛和我一起去吧）/ We
5、must be off now for the match starts at 7：00.（我们得走了因为比赛在七点开始）(2)if、whether的区别：表示“是否”时,if和whether同义,引导宾语从句,另外,whether还可以引导主语从句、表语从句(以及同位语从句)等名词性从句或者让步状语从句；而if还可以表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,(主句与从句遵循主将从现的原则)。如：I dont know if/whether he will arrive on time.（我不知道他是不是会按时到达）/ I will ring you up if he arrives on time.（
6、如果他按时到达我会给你打电话的） 注意下列情况只能用whether不能用if：引导主语从句,引导表语从句,引导从句作介词宾语,引导不定式短语,引导让步状语从句,在动词discuss之后,在wonder / not sure之后,在if与whether含义易混时。如：Whether it is a fine day next Sunday is still a question.（下个星期天是不是个好天还是个问题）(引导主语从句) / Please ask him whether to go there with a raincoat or not.（请问一下带不带雨衣去那儿）(作动词的宾语)
7、/ Hainan is the place to be, whether its summer or winter.（海南是个该去的地方无论冬夏）(引导让步状语从句)/ Please let me know whether you need my help.（请告诉我你是否需要我的帮助）(引导宾语从句)(如果换成if则还可能表示“如果你需要我的帮助请告知”)(3)while、when、as的用法区别：while常表示一个较长的动作,它引导的从句动作与主句的动作是同时发生的、是平行的；when可以表示较短的动作也可以表示较长的动作,主句和从句的动作可以同时发生也可以先后发生；as与上两词同义,可
8、替换while和when, 表示主句和从句的动作同时发生,常译为“一边一边”。如：Please do not trouble me while I am writing my homework.（我写作业时请不要打扰我）/ Ill go home when I have finished my job.（我干完了活儿就回去）/ They were running quickly across the road when they heard the sound of a truck coming.（他们正快速地穿过马路忽然听到了卡车开来的声音）/ As we walked in the dar
9、k street, we sang songs and talked loudly.（当我们在黑洞洞的街上走路时我们高声地唱歌说话）(4)till/until与nottill/until的区别：前者表示一个延续性的动作,后者表示一个才开始的动作。如：I will stay here and watch the baby until you return.（我会呆在这里看着娃娃直到你回来）(stay这个动作一直进行到你return) / They wont go on working until they get what they think is reasonable.（他们要到获得了他们认
10、为合理的东西时才会继续干下去的） 另外till与until基本可以互换,但是在句首时只能用until,不能用till. 如：Until the last minute of the match we kept playing.（我们坚持到比赛的最后一分钟）/ Not until he had finished his work did he go home.（直到做完工作他才回家）（倒装句）(5)though与although的区别：两个词都表示“虽然”,均不可以与but同时使用,但在句中可加still或yet连用。although“尽管、虽然”仅作连词,比较正式,一般可以换为though；
11、though“虽然、尽管、即使”,还可以与even连用(=even if),表示“即使、纵然”,作副词时意思是“然而、不过”,不能放在句首。如：He passed the exams although illness prevented him from going to classes.（尽管疾病使他无法上课但是他还是通过了考试）/ she wont leave the TV set,even though her husband is waiting for her for the supper.（她不愿离开电视机虽然丈夫在等她吃饭）/ It was a quiet party. I ha
12、d a good time, though.（这是个不热闹的聚会尽管如此我还是玩得很开心）(6)prefer torather than与preferto的区别：prefer torather than后面都是用动词原形,preferto都是用动名词或名词。如：I prefer English to Japanese.（与日语相比我更喜欢英语）/ I prefer to learn English rather than learn Japanese. （与日语相比我更喜欢学英语）3.并列句并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词,只
13、在两个简单句之间用一逗号或分号。常见的并列句有：(1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not onlybut also, neithernor等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。(2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有or,otherwise,or else,eitheror等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but,yet,still ,however等,前后分句时态一致
14、。(4) 说明原因, 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。(5) 表示结果,用连接词so, 前后分句时态一致。【重难点突破】基础能力演练1.Do you know the traffic rules? Sure, one of them is that we cant go across the street _the light is green.A.whenB.untilC.after2.Labor (劳动) education is important for students development. Yes. _schools put it into practice, studen
15、ts will be more independent and helpful. A.WhileB.UnlessC.If3.I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do? Be more active in class, _ you can improve your ability to express yourself. A.so thatB.unlessC.orD.although4.It was great in the end we had a terrible time at the beginning. A.ifB.un
16、lessC.whenD.although5.There will be fewer accidents _ people obey the traffic rules. A.ifB.thoughC.unless6.Which sport do you prefer，volleyball basketball? I prefer volleyball. A.orB.andC.but7.Youd better take the map with you you wont get lost. A.so thatB.as soon asC.now thatD.as long as8.Bill, sto
17、p smoking, youll get better soon. A.butB.afterC.orD.and9._ we didnt win the basketball game, we were satisfied with our hard work. A.IfB.ThoughC.SinceD.Because10.Has the meeting begun yet? Not yet. We have to wait everyone is here.A.andB.untilC.orD.but11.I tried calling you your phone was out of ser
18、vice. A.andB.butC.soD.or12.Helen was very rude to me. I refuse to speak to her again _ she says sorry. A.untilB.ifC.becauseD.since13._ we continue to kill elephants for their ivory, we humans will lose them in the end A.IfB.BeforeC.UntilD.Although14.Im afraid e-books might be bad for our eyes. -Hmm,
19、 but they will be helpful for us we put them to good use.A.as soon asB.as long asC.even thoughD.so that15.Remember to keep the dog on a leash (狗链) you walk it, honey! Sure. I wont let it hurt others.A.untilB.afterC.whileD.since16.Can you come to the party this weekend？ Sorry, Im going to take part i
20、n a competition, I must prepare for it. A.orB.butC.becauseD.and17.Ling ling, youll feel sleepy tomorrow _ you go to bed early. OK, Mom. Ill go to bed at once. A.ifB.unlessC.thoughD.because18.Put on your coat, you will catch a cold! This is what my mum often says to me. A.andB.butC.orD.so19.Whats the
21、 secret of success Dr. Know? More time and effort, _ youll make it some day.A.yetB.orC.andD.but20.Its hard for us to say goodbye _ we have so many happy days to remember. A.soB.becauseC.althoughD.until21.Will you go to the picnic this Saturday?Id like to, _ Ill have to help look after my baby sister
22、.A.butB.orC.andD.so22.Why dont you get used to the life in Beijing?_ the crowded traffic _ the high living cost. The only reason is the badly polluted air.A.Not only; but alsoB.Either; orC.Both; andD.Neither; nor23.It is said that children in South Korea have to hike and walk through mountains at ni
23、ght their military(军事的) training. Really? So their training is much harder than ours.A.afterB.sinceC.duringD.before24.We must find out the professor is coming, so we can book a room for him. A.howB.whyC.whenD.where25.In summer, food will go bad quickly _ we put it into a fridge. A.ifB.unlessC.as soon asD.while26.I like the city _th
