1、01 名词冲刺中考英语小题精练解析版01 名词-冲刺2020年中考英语小题精练序号内容第一部分语法讲解第二部分一、两年年真题、新题精练二、强化与巩固练习第一部分:语法讲解知识点包括名词的数、名词的所有格、动名词的作用、可数名词、名词复数的不规则变化、可数名词变复数的几种形式等，详情如下：名词的数1.单数和复数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下：(1)一般情况在词尾加-s，例如：bookbooks，girlgirls，boyboys，penpens,doctordoctors, boyboys。(2) 以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es
2、，例如：busbuses，classclasses，boxboxes，watchwatches，brushbrushes。(3)以ce, se, ze,(d)ge结尾的名词加s，例如：orangeoranges。(4)以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：citycities, factoryfactories, countrycountries, familyfamilies。但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如：boyboys, daydays。(5)以o结尾的词多数都加-es。例如:heroheroes，potatopotatoes，tomatotom
3、atoes,但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。例如：zoozoos，radioradios，还有某些外来词也只加-s，例如：photophotos，pianopianos。(6) 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-es，例如：knifeknives，leafleaves, halfhalves。复数词尾s(或es)的读音方法如下表所示。复数词尾s(或es)的读音方法(7)少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：manmen，womanwomen，toothteeth，footfeet，childchildren，mousemice。【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men
4、和-women。例如：an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans;man, woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：menworkers， women teachers。有个别名词单复数一样，例如：Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish等。但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时，可以加复数词尾。(8)单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people, police等。(9)数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式，中间加连字符。例如：ten-minutes walk, an 8-ye
5、ar-old girl, a ten-mile walk。(10)还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：trousers，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，ashes，scissors，compasses。(11)只用作单数的复数形式的名词有：科学名词：physics, mathematics/maths游戏名称：bowls专有名词：the United States, Niagara Falls其他名词：news, falls2.不可数名词“量”的表示方法在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下两种方法：(1)用much, a little, a lot
6、of/lots of, some, any等表示多少，例如：The rich man has a lot of money.There is some milk in the bottle.Is there any water in the glass?I dont like winter because theres too much snow and ice.(2)用a piece of 这类定语，例如：a piece of paper a piece of wood a piece of breada bottle of orange a glass of water(milk) a c
7、up of teaa cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数，例如：two cups of teafour pieces of paperthree glasses of water不可数名词也可用a lot of, lots of, some, any, much等来修饰。名词所有格/page名词的所有格名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。1. 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加 s,其复数形式是s，例如：a students room, students rooms,
8、fathers shoes。2. 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加 s，如：Childrens Day。3. 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用 s，例如：a twenty minutes walk，ten miles journey，a boats length，two pounds weight, ten dollars worth。4. 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构，例如：a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。5. 双
9、重所有格，例如：a friend of my fathers。【注意】如果两个名词并列，并且分别有 s，则表示“分别有”，例如：Johns and Marys rooms(约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间);Toms and Marys bikes(两人各自的自行车)。两个名词并列，只有一个s，则表示“共有”，例如：John and Marys room(约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tom and Marys mother(即Tom与Mary是兄妹)。动名词作用/page第二部分：中考英语语法之名词专项训练1、两年真题、新题精练1.(2019江西)My daughter helps me cook, bu
10、t she isnt old enough to be left alone in the _.A. Bedroom B. classroom C. lab D. kitchen2.(2019天津)The _ of this activity is to raise money for a new hospital.A. silenceB. purposeC. cultureD. language3.(2019重庆B卷)We have wider _ in our village, so we can go out more easily now.A. houses B. roads C. s
11、chools D. hospitals4.(2019甘肃省卷)Here is my family _. We took it last year.What a happy family!A. member B. name C. photo D. house5.(2019苏州)Keep quiet, son! I need complete _ when Im working.Sorry, dad. I wont make any noise again.A. trust B. silence C. control D. strength6.(2019襄阳)She is leaving to t
12、ake part in the final poem competition.Im proud of her. I wish her a great _A. speed B. method C. pressure D. success7.(2019眉山)The food safety is a serious _ in many countries. People should try to solve it.A. subject B. program C. problem D. opinion8.(2019山西改编)To keep our city beautiful, the _ are
13、always very busy in the streets. We shouldnt throw rubbish everywhere.A. policemen B. cleaners C. drivers D. teachers9.(2019成都改编)Sallys favorite _ is orange. Thats why all her sweaters are orange.A. size B. color C. style D. taste10.(2019泰州改编)My mother has a poor _ of direction, so she is always afr
14、aid to go out alone.A. scenery B. condition C. service D. sense11.(2019合肥42中一模)All our dreams can come true, as long as we have the _ to fight for them.A. interest B. opinion C. action D. courage12.(2019合肥高新共同体三模)Lets go out for a walk, shall we?Sorry. This is not the right _ to invite me for I am t
15、oo tired to walk.A. moment B. period C. step D. chance13.(2019合肥蜀山区一模)Its Mr.Fengs new movie, but I think it is more meaningful than his others.I agree with you. His latest movie is up to his highest_A. standard B. treasure C. rule D. purpose14.(2019合肥瑶海区二模)Do you like reading magazines?Of course. M
16、agazines not only make us relaxed but also give us new_ sometimes.A. progress B. knowledgeC. practice D. relationship15.(2020新题)Its useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.Yes, its a major way of _ for them.A. suggestion B. vacation C. productionD. communication16.(2020新题)Beijing will hold
17、 the 2022 Winter Olympics, so well have a _ to watch it in Beijing.A. chance B. challenge C. choice D. change17.(2020新题)Its useless to regret what has been done. Dont make those _ again.I wont. Thats a promise.A. orders B. noises C. mistakes D. agreements18.(2020新题)What is the _ between the new book
18、 and the old one?The new book has a lot of pictures in it.A. description B. decision C. difference D. discussion19.(2020新题)My sister has many_. She often goes swimming, dances or paints in her free time.A. reasons B. levelsC. answers D. hobbies20.(2020新题)Kelly takes a lot of exercise every day and s
19、he is always full of _.A. energy B. experience C. business D. memory21.(2020新题)My father made a _ to take me to Lijiang next week.A. notice B. promiseC. mistake D. direction22.(2020新题)Online reading has many_. For example, we can read at any time.A. conditions B. problemsC. purposes D. advantages23.
20、(2020新题)Ive got a _ of reading before sleeping. It has been part of my life.A. dream B. diary C. plan D. habit24.(2020新题)The artist received high _ from the art community for his works.A. praise B. present C. price D. pride25.(2020新题)I plan to travel in December because I will have more free time in
21、 that _A. year B. century C. month D. week26.(2020新题)I have a bad cold.Sorry to hear that. Youd better go to see a _ at once.A. doctor B. cook C. writer D. farmer27.(2020新题)The beautiful small cup is made of _. Be careful, or youll break it.A. plastic B. silver C. glass D. wood28.(2020新题)Most kids l
22、ike _ because they enjoy making snowmen.A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter29.(2020新题)Look at the nice photo. This is my uncles child, and he is my _A. cousin B. sister C. brother D. daughter30.(2020新题)You cant travel to a foreign country unless you have a _.A. message B. book C. passport D. wat
23、ch31.(2020新题)Elephants have long _. They can not only be used to breathe but also protect themselves.A. fingers B. noses C. eyes D. legs.单词拼写32.(2019成都改编)Creativity is greatw_(财富)for us because of its value in our work and life.33.(2019广州改编)He likes all kinds of jokes because he has a great sense of
24、h_(幽默).34.(2019哈尔滨改编)Tim got fourt_(玩具)from his relatives on Childrens Day.35.(2019孝感改编)Come to the front withc_(勇气)and show your talent, Peter.36.(2019盐城改编)Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is thek_(钥匙)to it.37.(2019河池改编)For breakfast, Tina would like some milk andc_(蛋糕).38.(2019合肥瑶海区一模)The tea
25、chers are excellent and their teachingm_ (方法) are changeable and useful.39.(2019合肥包河区一模)I had just enough time to finish eating before theb_ (铃)rang.40.(2019安徽黑马卷)Theirt_(话题)are all about how to protect wild animals.41.(2019安徽定心卷)My parents were proud of my goodg_(成绩) in the English exam.42.(2019安徽定
26、心卷)As the technology develops, we can pay theb_ (账单) more easily.43.(2020新题)Theb_(盒子)is too heavy for me to move on my own.44.(2020新题)Jack has a greati_(兴趣)in playing the violin.45.(2020新题)Before we throw away rubbish, wed better divide it into differentg_(组).46.(2020新题)There will be fewerw_(工人) in
27、factories in the future because most work will be done by robots.47.(2020新题)My little dog Benben likes to play in theg_(花园)near our community.48.(2020新题)Our teacher told us not to play withf_(火)49.(2020新题)Nothing can change my will to be a doctor in thef_(未来).50.(2020新题)Thep_(价格)of tomatoes usually
28、doubles in winter.51.(2020新题)He jumped up and down happily when he heard the goodn_(消息)参考答案1.D2. B3. B4. C5. B6. D7. C8. B9. B10. D11. D12. A13. A14. B15. D16. A17. C18. C19. D20. A21. B22. D23. D24. A25. C26. A27. C28. D29. A30. C31. B32. wealth33. humour/humor34. toys35. courage36. key37. cake/cak
29、es38. methods39. bell40. topics41. grades42. bill/bills43. box44. interest45. groups46. workers47. garden/gardens48. fire49. future50. price51. news2、强化与巩固练习1. _ is a sport in which two people fight each other with their hands, while wearing very large thick gloves.A.Boxing B.Racing C.Tennis2. How a
30、re you going to be _?Im going to practice basketball every day.A.a basketball player B.a teacher C.a pianist D.a pilot3. She likes _ dumplings for lunch.A.chicken and cabbage B.chickens and cabbages C.a chicken and cabbage D.chicken and a cabbage4. Can you speak French, Mr. Brown?Yes, but only _ French words.A.
