1、牛津译林九年级下册unit1知识点梳理Unit1 Asia1.climb the steps 爬台阶2.be well worth visiting/a visit 非常值得参观3.watch the raising of the national flag 观看升旗仪式 4.one of the wonders of the world 世界奇迹.5.lie on the two sides of位于.两边6.take a boat trip乘船旅行7.be open to the public 对公众开放8.take up占据(空间);占用(时间)9.three quarters of.
2、.的四分之三10.on either side of在.的任意一边11.a high level of service 高水平的服务12.leave.for离开.去.13.South East Asia 东南亚14.information technology 信息技术1.Wed better keep moving.我们最好继续前进。2.With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside,it is well worth a visit.它(故宫)里面有宏伟的建筑和艺术珍宝,非常值得一游。3.It runs for over 6,000 kil
3、ometres across northern China,with watchtowers every few hundred metres.它(长城)在中国北部地区绵延6000多千米,每隔几百米设有瞭望塔。4.As an old saying goes, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.正如俗话所说:“不到长城非好汉。”5.The lake is very big -it takes up three quarters of the area.湖很大,占了四分之三的面积。1. Wow, the Great
4、 Wall is amazing, isnt it?哇,长城真壮观啊,不是吗?此句是反意疑问句,若前部分(即陈述句部分)为肯定式,后部分(即简短问句部分)用否定式;反之,若前部分为否定式,则后部分用肯定式。 前后两部分的谓语在人称、数和时态上都要保持一致。如:Li Ming is your classmate,isnt he?李明是你的同班同学,不是吗?You havent been to the West Lake,have you?你没去过西湖,是吗?注：不管反意疑问句中陈述句部分是肯定的还是否定的,回答时都要根据事实情况,并保持“Yes十肯定句”和“No+否定句”的一致。 若陈述句部分是
5、否定句,则答语中的yes译为“不”,no译为“是”.如:-You saw him yesterday,didnt you?你昨天见过他,不是吗?-Yes,I did./ No,I didnt.是,我见过他。/不,我没见过他。-His father hasnt been to Shanghai,has he?他父亲没去过上海,是吗?-Yes,he has./No,he hasnt.不是,他去过。/是的,他没去过。反意疑问句的特殊情况:1) 陈述句部分出现 never,hardly,seldom,little,few等具有否定意义的单词时,问句部分仍用肯定形式.如:You have never b
6、een to Hong Kong, have you?你从来没有去过香港,是吗?There were few people in the park then,were there?那时公园里几乎没有人,是吗?2)陈述句部分如果是“I dont think/consider/believe/suppose 十宾语从句”,问句部分的谓语和主语要与宾语从句中的谓语和主语保持一致。如:I dont think he will be away, will he?我认为他不会离开,他会吗?I dont believe he can swim, can he?我相信他不会游泳,他会吗?3)Lets引导的祈使
7、句的反意疑问句,其问句部分用 shall we.其他情况下的祈使句一般用 will you;当祈使句是肯定句时,也可用 wont you.如:Lets have a rest,shall we?让我们休息一下,好吗?Please open the window,will/wont you?请打开窗户,好吗?4)陈述句部分若出现含 un-,in-,im-,ir-,dis-,-less等带有否定前缀或后缀的单词时,问句部分的动词仍用否定形式。如:He was very unhappy,wasnt he?他很不高兴,不是吗?2. Its tiring to climb the steps,and m
8、y feet hurt.爬这些台阶真累人,我的脚也磨疼了。(1) tiring adj. “使人疲劳的,累人的”常用来修饰物,在句中作定语或表语.如:What a tiring trip!多么累人的旅行啊!tired adj. “疲劳的,疲倦的” 主语或所修饰的对象通常是人.be tired of意为“对.感到厌烦”.tire v. “(使)感到疲劳”如:All that walking tired me out.走了那么多路,把我累坏了。Im tired of watching TV.Lets go for a walk.我厌烦了看电视。 让我们去散步吧。(2) step n. “台阶,梯级
9、” 可数名词。n.“步骤;措施” 固定短语:step by step逐步地,take steps 采取措施.v. “踩,踏;行走,迈步”固定短语:step on踩上,踏上;step into进人,开始做。3.I dont want to go on,Hobo.我不想继续爬了,霍波。go on “继续”.如:Im tired.I want to have a rest,and then go on.我累了。我想休息一下,然后继续。辨析: go on doing,go on to do与 go on with1) go on doing指做某事因故暂停,尚未做完,再继续做下去,也可表示“一直做某事
10、”.如:Although it was late,she went on working.虽然晚了,她还继续工作着。2)go on to do表示某一件事已做完,再接着去做另一件事.如:He went on to talk about the world situation.他接着谈了谈世界形势。3) go on with其后通常接名词或代词作宾语.如:May I go on with my work now?我现在可以继续做我的工作了吗?4. Wake me up on your way back.在你回来的路上把我叫醒。on ones way(back)to sp.意为“在某人去(返回)某
11、地的路上”;on ones way to do sth.意为“在某人去做某事的路上”。如:注：在固定结构on ones/the way to中,如后面接的是there,here,home等副词,要省去to。含way的短语in this way 用这种方法 by the way 顺便说一下in the way 挡路;妨碍 put it another way 换言之,换句话说in a/one way 在某种程度上 no way 决不1. chopsticks n. “筷子” 常用复数形式。“一双筷子” a pair of chopsticks2. Since youre in Beijing n
12、ow,why dont you start from here?既然你现在在北京,为什么不从这儿开始呢?Since conj. “既然;因为”如:Since everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.既然大家都在这儿,咱们开始开会吧。conj. “从.以后;自.以来”,后接一般过去时的句子。如:He has been ill since I saw him last time.自我上次见到他以来,他一直病着。 prep. “自从;从以来”,后接过去时间点或“一段时间十ago”,用于现在完成时或过去完成时的句子中。如:Ive lived here since
13、 1990.从1990年以来我一直住在这儿。because,since,as 与for四者均可用来表示原因,区别如下:1) because通常表示直接的原因,引导的从句表示直接而明确的原因和理由,语气很强,用来回答以 why提问的问题。如:-Why did you stay at home yesterday?-We couldnt go out because it was too cold.因为天气太冷,我们不能外出。2)since 语气较弱,强调已知的事实。 如:Since you cant answer the question,Ill ask someone else.既然你回答不出
14、这个问题,我就要问别人了。|since 不能用于回答 why引导的疑问句。2) as语气比because弱,所引导的从句表示的是不言而喻、显而易见的原因和理由。 如:As it was late,we came back soon.由于很晚了,我们很快就回来了。4)for表示推断的原因,或对前一分句进行补充或兑明理由。如:It must be morning for the birds are singing.一定是清晨了,因为鸟儿在歌唱。1.In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum, also call
15、ed the Forbidden City.在北京古城的中心是故宫,也称紫禁城。辨析：in the middle of 与 in the centre ofin the middle of ：指在物体、道路或一段时间的中间。in the middle of the night 在半夜in the middle of the line 在那条线的中间in the centre of 指在圆形、球形或市区等的中心。I live in the centre of the city.我住在市中心。2. It was turned into a museum in 1925.在1925年它被改成了博物馆
16、。 解析：turn v. “使变成,成为”turn into “动词十介词”结构, “变成;变为”,其被动语态形式为be turned into。turn.into意为“把.变成”,相当于 change.into. turn常构成的短语:turn on打开,开启 turn off关掉turn up调高 turn down 调低turn to求助于 turn over 翻转turn back 掉转头 turn out 结果是,原来是3. With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside,it is well worth a visit.它(故宫)
17、里面有宏伟的建筑和艺术珍宝,非常值得一游。worth prep. “值得”,常在句中作表语,后接名词或动名词.常用结构 be worth(doing)sth.意为“值得(做)某事”.worth还可表示“值.钱”。That park is worth going to.那个公园值得一去。The picture is worth at least twenty pounds.这张图片至少值20英镑。 be well worth (doing) sth. “非常值得(做)某事” 4. Many tourists like to gather there early in the morning to
18、 watch the raising of the national flag.许多游客喜欢一大早聚集在那里观看升旗仪式。Raise “举起,升起;提高;筹集;养育”Raise your head,please. 请抬起你的头。They helped us to raise200,00yuan for the school buildings.他们帮助我们募集了20万元来建校舍。The old man likes raising rabbits,chickens,dogs and horses.这个老人喜欢养兔子、鸡、狗和马。辨析: raise 与 riseRaise vt. “举起,提起,抬
19、高”, 后面要加宾语。过去式、过去分词都是 raisedRise vi. “升起,上升;增长”,后面不加宾语.过去式、过去分词分别是rose,risen.5. It runs for over 6,000 kilometres across northern China,with watchtowers every few hundred metres.它(长城)在中国北部地区绵延6000多千米,每隔几百米设有瞭望塔。(1) run v. “延伸;延续”The road runs along the riverbank.这条路沿着河岸延伸。 run v. “跑;淌;流”,常用短语:run af
20、ter sb.追赶某人 run away 逃跑run upstairs 跑上楼 run at sb.向某人冲去run slowly 缓慢地跑 run out 用完,到期leave the tap running 让水龙头一直开着如:I dont run as fast as you.我跑得没你快。The babys nose is running.这个婴儿在流鼻涕。(2) across prep. “横过;穿过;越过”Can you swim across the river?你能游过这条河吗?辨析: across,through,over与 pastacross“横过;穿过”,指从某物的表面
21、横过through“穿过;从通过”,指从物体的中间(内部)over指从上方跨越而过past指从某物旁边经过注：past prep. pass v.;past与 passed是同音词,两者不可混淆。6. It is one of the wonders of the world.它(长城)是世界奇迹之一。wonder n. “奇迹”.one of the wonders “奇迹之一”。7. It lies on the two sides of the Lijiang River.它(桂林)位于漓江两岸。lie v. “位于” 过去式/过去分词:lay/lain。China lies in th
22、e east of Asia.中国位于亚洲东部。v.“躺,卧;平放” 过去式/过去分词:lay/lain.v.“撒谎” 过去式/过去分词: lied,lied.n.“谎言” tell a lie “说谎”.注: lay v. “放置;产卵,下蛋” 过去式/过去分词：laid,laid.8. All around the city,mountains stand in different shapes.整座城市被形状各异的群山环绕着。(1)stand v. “站立,直立” 过去式/过去分词： stood/stood. v. “位于,坐落;忍受”The house stands on the to
23、p of the hill. 这座房子坐落在小山顶上。I cant stand bad manners. 我不能容忍没有礼貌。(2)shape n. “形状,外形”, in different shapes “以不同的形状”。My garden is in the shape of a square.我的花园是正方形的。v. “塑造;使成形”He was shaping an apple. 他在把一个苹果削成某种形状。9. In the north-west of the city is the Reed Flute Cave.芦笛岩在这座城市的西北部。本句为倒装句,倒装句有两种:部分倒装和完
24、全倒装。完全倒装通常都出于修辞上的需要,是为了使前后段落联系更加紧密、自然。这类倒装句的结构是“状语(通常是介词短语)十谓语动词十主语”,其中主语必须是名词,且通常比较长。Outside the school gate are many cars.校门外有许多辆小汽车。注意：若主语是代词,则只能采用部分倒装。Look!There is a mouse in the kitchen.Out of the kitchen it is rushing,followed by a yellow cat.看!厨房里有只老鼠。 它正冲出厨房,后面跟着一只黄色的猫。10. In this undergrou
25、nd cave,it is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes-some hang down,and others point upwards.在这个地下溶洞中,有如此众多造型奇特的石头,有的向下悬垂,还有的向上伸展,真让人叹为观止。(1)hang down “下垂,低垂”. hang v. “垂下;悬挂”;down adv. “向下”hangvt. 悬挂过去式/过去分词hung,hungvi. 垂下，垂落过去式/过去分词 hung,hungvt./vi. 绞死过去式/过去分词 hanged, hangedYou may
26、 hang your coat on the hook.你可以把你的外套挂在钩子上。He was hanged for murder.他因犯谋杀罪而被处以绞刑。(2)point upwards “向上伸展”.point v.“指,指向”;upwards adv.“向上,往上”.拓展: point的短语:point out “指出,指明”,后接名词或名词性的从句point to “指向”,强调方向,多指远处的人或物point at “指着”,着重于指的对象,多指近处的人或物1. The lake is very big-it takes up three quarters of the area
27、.湖很大,占了四分之三的面积。 (1) take up “占据(空间); 占用(时间)” Learning English takes up a lot of my time.学英语占了我许多时间。拓展: take up还表示“开始从事(某业余爱好或职业)”。Id be happy to take up a new hobby.我很乐意开始一个新爱好。 up构成的短语:turn up出现;开大 make up组成;构成;编造clear up整理;清理 go up上升;上涨set up建立;设立;创立 show up出现;露面look up抬头看;查询(2) quarter n. “四分之一”,
28、 a quarter=one-fourth “四分之一”,three quarters=three-fourths, “四分之三”.It is reported that a quarter of the water was polluted.据报道,四分之一的水被污染了。2. There are many stone lions on either side of it.桥两边有很多石狮子。Either A. 限定词, “两者之一”,常放在单数可数名词前,“(两者之中)任一的”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Come on Tuesday or Thursday, either day is O
29、K.星期二或星期四任何一天过来都可以。B. pron. “(两者之中)任何一个”either of 放在代词或限定词前(如the,my,these),代词或名词必须用复数。基本结构为“either of us/you/them”或“either of 十限定词十复数名词”。I dont like either of them.我不喜欢他们中的任何一个。C. adv. “也” 用在否定句中.-I cant go to the party tonight.-I cant either.D. conj. 常构成短语 either.or .“要么.要么;不是就是”,在句中连接两个并列成分。如:Eith
30、er you or Tom has done it. 不是你就是汤姆做了这件事。注意:当连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词靠近原则。3. They provide a high level of service.他们提供高水平的服务。(1) level n. “水平”I hope his English level can improve.我希望他的英语水平能够提高。 n.“级别,等级”I like the computer game with 15 levels.我喜欢这款15级的电脑游戏。(2) service n. “服务;工作”,可指商店、餐馆或旅馆等对顾客、旅客的服务,也可指社会等公益事业服务机构为人们所提供的服务。serve v. “服务”.You can only serve one type of consumer.你只能服务一种类型的顾客。be in service “在使用中” = be in use。语法：it的用法1)it作人称代词,代替人、事、物等。如:-Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?-Its m
