1、中考英语单项选择题专题训练12012中考英语单项选择题专题训练(1)名词、冠词、代词、形容词及副词 单项选择是考试中很好拿分的题型，但是却很容易出错，有的时候会一不小心掉进命题者设好的圈套里面。怎样才能做到又快又准，抓住考试中的一分一秒？这就需要我们洞悉命题者的出题方向，掌握解题的技巧和方法。这样我们才能见招拆招，弹无虚发，分数拿到。下面我们介绍一些经典的解题秘籍，让我们来看看怎样才能又快又准！1. 直接法即直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干中的已供信息，捕捉到解题线索，从而得出正确答案的解题方法，例如：- Will you come to the net bars(网吧)with me?- So
2、rry. My mother always tells me_ there. A. not go B. go C. not to go D. to go根据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式，即tell sb. not to do sth.，故此题应选C。2. 关键词法许多题目中都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词(key words)。找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口，例如：He hardly hurt himself in the accident, _?A. doesnt he B. didnt he C. did he D. d
3、oes he该题中hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的。凡陈述部分含有hardly, never, little, few等否定意义的词时，反意疑问句用肯定形式；而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同，此处hurt未加s，应为过去式。因此本题答案C是正确的。3. 类推法如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小，不妨利用“如果A对，那么B也对”的类推法，从而可将A、B予以否定，例如：- Whos the man at the door?- _ . A. He is a doctor B. He is a friend of mineC、 He is a famous singer D. He is
4、 twenty仔细分析备选答案就可发现：A、C选项针对的是“职业”。若A是对的，那么C也会是对的。D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。4. 前后照应法此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前，透彻理解，然后联系上下文，捕捉隐含信息，方能准确找出答案，例如：- He isnt a teacher, is he?- _. He works in a hospital. A. Yes, he is B. No, he isnt B. Yes, He isnt D. No, he is本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答，我们知道“他”的身份不是教师；否定反意疑问句回答中的Ye
5、s其实际含义为“不”，No的实际含义为“是”。因此应选择的是B。5. 排除法根据题干提供的信息，先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验，辨别真伪，例如：The girl asked the teacher _. A. what does the museum looks like B. what did the museum look likeC. what the museum looks like D. what the museum looked like本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也应是过去时的某种
6、时态，故A、C被排除。而B中有词序错误，所以D为正确答案。6. 交际法此方法可用交际用语，联系上下文直接解题，例如：- Would you like to have another cup of tea?- _. A. Yes, I do B. Not al all C. No, thanks D. Help yourself本题主要考查简答交际用语的应答。对别人的邀请，如果表示不接受时，应委婉说出，不能断然拒绝。因此，选C是最佳答案。提示：使用秘籍在于提高效率，掌握快速解题的方法。方法是重要的，我们能通过这些技巧掌握到解题的关键；但是没有日常学习的积累与总结，再好的秘籍也能巧妇难为无米之炊。
7、同学们还是得平时多加修炼，方能将秘籍运用得当！以上六种方法，灵活运用，定能克敌制胜，突出重围。附单项选择的新特点：随着交流理念的深入，单项选择题在命制时比较重视语境的设置。在语言点考查上尽量做到实用，偏题、怪题逐年减少甚至绝迹。语言点的覆盖面不再是单项选择追求的绝对目标。*2012中考专题单项选择（一）名词 1、. John wants to be a , so he often helps sick people in the hospital. A. reporter B. doctor C. scientist D. cookB【解析】考查点：本题考查名词的词义。reporter“记者”
8、；doctor“医生”；scientist“科学家”；cook“厨师”。句意为“约翰想要成为一名医生，所有他常常在医院帮助病人”。故选B。2、Im so hungry. Please give me _ to eatA. three bread B three pieces of breadC. three pieces of breads D three piece of bread答案B【解析】考查可数名词与不可数名词的用法。bread为不可数名词，不加s，也不能直接用数字修饰，排除A和C。量词piece片是可数的要加s。3、Cici enjoys dancing. Its one of
9、her .A. prize B. prizes C. hobby D. hobbies【答案】D【解析】考查名词用法及one of这个句型，由题意可知：跳舞是Cici的一种爱好。One of后加名词复数。4、I have some problems with my English writing. Can you give me some_? A. advice B. decisions C. information D. messages答案：A。考查名词。依据句意应该选A。句意：我的英语写作有困难，你能给我一些建议吗？5、Toms watch is the same as his_.A,
10、brother B. brothers C. brothers答案：C 【解析】名词所有格。根据句意：“汤姆的手表和他哥哥的一样”。His brothers =his brothers watch. 6、 She likes_best of all the vegetables,A. potatoes B. eggs C. oranges答案：A【解析】词义辨析。用排除法，B、C不是蔬菜范畴，故选A。.7、 Dad, Ive got an “A” in the math exam. Great. And Im sure you will do better, because this is a
11、 good _.A. report B. result C. start D. skill 答案：C【解析】本题词义辨析。A项意为“报告”；B项意为“结果”；C项意为“开始”；D项意为“技能；技术”。 句意为“爸爸，这次数学测试我到的A”“很好。我确信你会做的更好，因这是一个好的_”。根据语境可知，此空应填start,故选C。8、. Can I help you, sir? - Id like to have 100 _. I want my students to draw pictures. A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. pieces of
12、 papers答案： B【解析】本题考查不可数名词的运用. paper是不可数名词，它没有复数形式，若表示数量，一般用a piece of短语表示，它的复数形式应体现在piece上。 paper是不可数名词，故排除C；答句意“我想要100张纸”。100张纸中，量词piece应用复数形式，故排除A。正确答案是：B。9、I bought an ice cream in the shop. A. river B. store C. home答案B【解析】考查名词的用法。我在商店买个冰淇淋。shop=store.故选B。10、Tony has many Chinese _. A. stamp B. s
13、tamps C. a stamp答案B【解析】考查名词复数的用法。many意为“很多”后接名词复数，故选B。11、 The_ of most trees will fall in autumn.A leaf B. leafs C leaves答案：C【解析】本题考查的是名词复数的用法。根据题意，秋天，大多数的树叶都会落。leaf的复数形式为leaves，故本题选C。12、 Boys and gills, feeling peaceful is the first step to become in the exam. So please take a deep breath and calm
14、down.A. runners B. winners C. players答案：B【解析】考查名词词义辨析 根据句意：保持平静心态是成为考试“获胜者”的第一步。13、.How many teachers are there in your school? them over two hundred. A. woman; The number of; is B. women; The number of; is C. woman; A number of; is D. women; A number of; are答案：B【解析】本题主要考查名词复数的用法。英语中有这样使用习惯：child、ma
15、n、women这样的名词作定语时，如果后面被修饰的名词是复数，child用原形，而man和women要变成复数。a number of表示若干，许多，谓语用复数。the number of表示.的数量。题意为：-你们学校有多少女老师？-数量超过200。可知本题选B。14、.Our hospital needs two doctors, Mrs Li. You can ask your son to have a try.A. women B. man C. men答案：C 【解析】名词复数。由“你让你的儿子试一试”可知“我们医院需要两名男医生”，排除A；man作doctors的定语，docto
16、rs用复数，故man也应用复数形式。15、 There are many _ playing on the playground. A. child B. children C. man teachers D. sheeps答案：B【解析】B 考查名词复数用法 孩子的复数是“children”，男老师“men teachers”， 羊“sheep”单复数相同。故选B。16.There are so many _ over there. Whats happening? Lets go to have a look. A. flower B. car C. child D. people答案：D
17、【解析】考查名词用法。many后接可数名词复数。故选D。17、 For my homework I have to write a(n)_ about the wonders of the world. A. music. B. picture. C. composition. D. exam答案：C 【解析】词义辨析。Music 音乐， picture 图片， exam 测试，都不符合句意。只有composition 作文符合句意。18、 He has something wrong with his _ .He cannot see clearly.A. leg B. eye C. han
18、d D. arm【答案】B【解析】名词辨析 由下文看不清，可知眼睛有毛病。 19、Hello! May I speak to Lucy，please?Sorry，Im afraid you have the wrong Away Bname Cnumber Dtelephone解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。Hello! May I speak to Lucy，please?是打电话常用术语，故答案选C，意为“号码”。20、 Please pick up the _. Dont keep it on the floor.A. paper B. boxes C. books D. bottles【答
19、案】A【解析】名词的考察 由“Dont keep it on the floor.”可知应是不可数名词或单数可数名词21、 I want a_ to cut the big apple. Could you pass me one?Certainly, here you are.A. fork B. knife C. spoon答案B【解析】名词词义辨析。句意为“我想要一个_来切苹果”所以应该是刀子。22、 Could you please tell me something about the two_ ? _. They arc exchange students of No. 1 Mid
20、dle School.A. Frenchmen; Yes, please B. Frenchmans; Come on C. Germen; Not at all D. Germans; All right答案：D 【解析】名词复数与交际用语用法。Frenchman的复数是Frenchmen，German的复数不是把a换成e，而是直接加s, 即Germans，故B,C错。Yes, please包含“好吧和感谢”的意思，All right指指“好吧”。故D对。23、 Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest bus stop? Go down this ro
21、ad. Its about_ walkA. five minutes B. five minutes C. five-minutes答案：B 【解析】 这里考查的是表示时间、距离时，使用含数词的名词所有格形式作定语。名词应用其复数形式的所有格。故选B。24、Its from our school to my home. A. ten minutes walk B. ten minutes walk C. ten minutes walk解析：本题考查名词所有格。以-s结尾的名词所有格只加“”，故答案选A。25、 Did you hear any strange _when the quake
22、happened? No, I was in my garden with my flowers and was enjoying the beautiful _of my birds at that time.A. voice; noise B. noise; sound C. whisper; sound D. sound; voice 答案：D26、 Could you lend me your _?I want to take some photos.A. watch B. radio C. camera D. telephone答案： C27、 We have only one Ea
23、rth. Its our common _.A. family B. house C. home D. room答案：C28、.Whats in the icebox? -A few _, but little _. A. apple,milk B. apple,milks C .apples,milks D. apples,milk 【解析】D 考查点：形容词辨析。解题思路：few修饰可数名词的复数形式，little修饰不可数名词。故选D。29、 Mazys skirt is the same as her_.A. sisters B. brother C. brothers D. sist
24、ers答案：D【解析】D考查点：名词所有格。解题思路：skirt表示“裙子”，根据常识可知一般女孩才有裙子，故排除B、C。根据句意：Mary的裙子与她妹妹（姐姐）的（裙子）一样。比较的对象应该相同。故选D。30、 There isnt any _in the fridge. We need to go shopping.A. oranges B. milk C. eggs答案：B 【解析】考查名词。根据题干中的isntany，可判断后接不可数名词，选项中只有B是不可数名词。31、.The foreigners from the USA like Chinese dishes very much
25、. A. plates B. food C. fruit答案：B 32、.Wheres Jack? Hes left a _ saying that he will be back in a minute. A. message B. news C .information 答案：A 33、. He has poor _, so he cant see the words on the blackboard clearly. A. smell B. taste C. hearing D. eyesight答案：34、I have to speak to my grandpa loudly be
26、cause something is wrong with his . A. eyes B. ears C. hands D. legs答案：B35、 .As young adults, it is our_ to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teacher. A. work B. job C. duty D. task 答案C 【解析】句式结构。work 工作；job 职业；task任务。句意：作为未成年人，在老师的帮助下尽力处理好教育方面的每次挑战是我们的责任。
27、故选C。36、Work hard, and youll get good _.A. lessons B. notes C. grades D. answers答案：C 【解析】考查词义辨析。lessons“课”；notes“笔记”；grades“成绩”；answers “回答，答案”。由句意“努力工作，你就会获得好成绩。”可知选C。37、 Yao Ming is very popular among teenagers. Yes. Many middle school students are his _. A. heroes B. stars C. fans D. brothers答案：C【
28、解析】句意理解。姚明在青少年中很受欢迎，因此很多中学生是他的粉丝。38、 I am thirsty. May I have something to drink? Ok. Heres some _.A. rice B. bread C. water 答案：C 【解析】考查名词的用法。由问句句意“我渴了，我可以喝一些东西吗？”可知，只有C为液体。故选C。39、 Could you please get me some_? Im hungry.A. apple B. water C. bread D. egg答案C【解析】考查可数名词与不可数名词。some意为“一些”，后跟可数名词复数形式或不可数
29、名词，A、D为单数形式，需排除。由答语“I hungry”可推测，想要点吃的东西。故选C。40、. Excuse me, where can I exchange _? Theres a bank on the second floor.A. books B. food C. money D. stamps答案：C 【解析】词汇辨析。books书；food食物；money钱；stamps邮票。根据答语的意思，在二楼有一家银行，再结合问句，请问我可以在哪里换钱？得出答案C。41、. You look so healthy! Yeah, I like eating apples. An apple
30、 a day keeps the _ away. A. teacher B. worker C. farmer D. doctor 答案：D 【解析】结合俗语考查名词意义。“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”这是一句俗语。意为“每天一只苹果，医生远离你。”42、 Peter regards Liaocheng as his second because he has lived here for ten years.A. family B. house C. home D. room答案：C 【解析】名词词义辨析。family指的是家庭成员，一般不涉及房屋。house是指居住的建筑物。home是指家庭成员所居住的那种环境或与房屋有关的“家”。句
