1、双线铁路隧道衬砌结构设计力学分析双线铁路隧道衬砌结构设计力学分析5.1 二次衬砌结构力学分析/TITLE，Mechanical analysis on railway tunnel 2nd lining ! 确定分析标题/NOPR !菜单过滤设置/PMETH，OFF，0KEYW，PR_SET，1 KEYW，PR_STRUC，1 !保留结构分析部分菜单/COM， /COM，Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:/COM， Structural !/PREP7 !进入前处理器ET，1，BEAM3 !设置梁单元类型ET，2， C
2、OMBIN14 !设置弹簧单元类型R，1，0.4，0.0053333，0.4， ， ， ， !设置梁单元几何常数R，2，400e6， ， ， !设置弹簧单元几何常数MPTEMP， !设置材料模型MPTEMP，1，0 MPDATA，EX，1，30.0e9 !输入弹性模量MPDATA，PRXY，1，0.2 !输入泊松比MPTEMP， !设置材料模型MPTEMP，1，0 MPDATA，DENS，1，2500 !输入密度SAVE !保存数据库1建立几何模型K, 1, , , , !创建关键点（隧道二次衬砌）K, 2, 4.71, -1.82, , K, 3, -4.71, -1.82, , K, 4,
3、 0, -3.75, , K, 5, 0, 5.05, , K, 20, 5.6, -2.162, , !创建关键点（地层弹簧）K, 30, -5.6, -2.16, , K, 40, 0, -4.75, , K, 50, 0, 6, , !创建隧道衬砌线LARC, 2, 5, 1, 5.05, !创建圆弧线（拱顶部）LARC, 5, 3, 1, 5.05, LARC, 2, 3, 4 !创建圆弧线（仰拱部）! 创建地层弹簧线LARC, 20, 50, 1, 6, !创建圆弧线（拱顶部）LARC,50, 30, 1, 6,LARC, 20, 30, 40 !创建圆弧线（仰拱部）SAVE !保存
4、数据2单元网格划分设置单元大小并将所有直线划分单元，其单元图如图5-8所示。LESIZE,ALL, , ,10, ,1, , ,1, !设置单元大小, 每条弧线划分成10个单元TYPE, 1 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 1 !设置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 1 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数LMESH,1,6,1 !将所有直线划分单元/PNUM, KP, 0 !以下为显示单元编号和颜色/PNUM, ELEM, 1/REPLOT !重新显示SAVETYPE, 2 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 1 !设置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 2 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数E, 1,31 !通过
5、两个节点创建弹簧单元E, 2,32E,3,33E,4,34E,5,35E,6,36E,7,37E,8,38E,9,39E,10,40E,11,41E,12,42E,13,43E,14,44E,15,45E,16,46E,17,47E,18,48E,19,49E,20,50E,21,51E,22,52E,23,53E,24,54E,25,55E,26,56E,27,57E,28,58E,29,59E,30,60Lclear,4,6,1 !清除用于创建地层弹簧单元的外层梁单元LDELE,4, 6,1 ,1 !删除外层直线Finish !返回Main Menu 主菜单5.1.2 加载与求解/SOL
6、!进入求解器d,31,ux,0,0,60,1,uy, !在“Ux”和“Uy”两个方向的施加约束ACEL, 0, 10, 0, !在Y方向施加重力加速度F, 2 ,Fx, 0 !在节点上施加X方向集中力F, 13 ,Fx, 43554.43356F, 14 ,Fx, 86574.64508F, 15 ,Fx, 128464.6048F, 16 ,Fx, 168285.8813F, 17 ,Fx, 204799.5937F, 18 ,Fx, 236448.4444F, 19 ,Fx, 261396.9365F, 20 ,Fx, 277795.0781F, 21 ,Fx, 283894.0611F,
7、 12 ,Fx, 247397.3915F, 30 ,Fx, 190308.0663F, 29 ,Fx, 149683.6899F, 28 ,Fx, 103226.8339F, 27 ,Fx, 52665.0399F, 26 ,Fx, 0F, 25 ,Fx, -52665.0399F, 24 ,Fx, -103226.8339F, 23 ,Fx, -149683.6899F, 22 ,Fx, -190308.0663F, 1 ,Fx, -247397.3915F, 3 ,Fx, -283894.0611F, 4 ,Fx, -277795.0781F, 5 ,Fx, -261396.9365F,
8、 6 ,Fx, -236448.4444F, 7 ,Fx, -204799.5937F, 8 ,Fx, -168285.8813F, 9 ,Fx, -128464.6048F, 10 ,Fx, -86574.64508F, 11 ,Fx, -43554.43356F, 2 ,Fy, -449636.88 !在节点上施加Y方向集中力F, 13 ,Fy, -441210F, 14 ,Fy, -416229.66F, 15 ,Fy, -375629.1F, 16 ,Fy, -320951.4F, 17 ,Fy, -254238.6F, 18 ,Fy, -178008.6F, 19 ,Fy, -951
9、02.7F, 20 ,Fy, 0F, 21 ,Fy, 82772.64F, 12 ,Fy, 259324.92F, 30 ,Fy, 413398.46F, 29 ,Fy, 454320.04F, 28 ,Fy, 484308F, 27 ,Fy, 502604.08F, 26 ,Fy, 508719.08F, 25 ,Fy, 502604.08F, 24 ,Fy, 484308F, 23 ,Fy, 454320.04F, 22 ,Fy, 413398.46F, 1 ,Fy, 259324.92F, 3 ,Fy, 82772.64F, 4 ,Fy, 0F, 5 ,Fy, -95102.7F, 6
10、,Fy, -178008.6F, 7 ,Fy, -254238.6F, 8 ,Fy, -320951.4F, 9 ,Fy, -375629.1F, 10 ,Fy, -416229.66F, 11 ,Fy, -441210SaveNROPT, FULL, , !采用全牛顿拉普森法进行求解Allsel !选择所有内容Outres, all, all !输出所有内容Solve !求解计算Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE5.1.3 后处理1初次查看内力和变形结果/POST1 !进入后处理器PLDISP, 1 !绘制变形和未变形图ETABLE, , SMISC, 6 ! 6
11、、12表示弯矩ETABLE, , SMISC, 12 ETABLE, , SMISC, 1 ! 1、7表示轴力ETABLE, , SMISC, 7 ETABLE, , SMISC, 2 ! 2、8表示剪力ETABLE, , SMISC, 8 查看内力, 包括弯矩、轴力和剪力，如图5-12、图5-13和图5-14所示。路径：General Postproc Plot Results Contour Plot Line Elem Res。PLLS, SMIS6, SMIS12, -1, 0 !绘制弯矩图ESEL,R,TYPE,1 !仅显示单元类型1PLLS, SMIS1, SMIS7, 1, 0
12、!绘制轴力图PLLS, SMIS2, SMIS8, 1, 0 !绘制剪力图2去除受拉弹簧再计算Finish !结束后处理器操作/sol !进入求解器Ekill,62 !杀死62号地层弹簧单元Ekill,71Ekill,70Ekill,73Ekill,74Ekill,88Ekill,86Ekill,87Ekill,85Ekill,86SAVEAllsel !选择所有内容Solve !求解计算Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE3查看最后计算结果/POST1ETABLE, REFL !更新单元表数据PRETAB, SMIS6, SMIS12, SMIS1, SMIS7,
13、SMIS2, SMIS8 !打印单元表数据PRNSOL, DOF, !打印节点位移5.2 台阶法施工过程仿真分析1材料、实常数和单元类型定义/TITLE，Mechanical analysis on railway tunnel 1nd lining ! 确定分析标题/NOPR !菜单过滤设置/PMETH，OFF，0KEYW，PR_SET，1 KEYW，PR_STRUC，1 !保留结构分析部分菜单/COM，Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:/COM， Structural /PREP7 !进入前处理器ET,1,PLAN
14、E42 !设置实体单元类型KEYOPT,1,1,0KEYOPT,1,2,0KEYOPT,1,3,2 !设置为平面应变模式KEYOPT,1,5,0KEYOPT,1,6,0ET，2，BEAM3 !设置梁单元类型ET,3,LINK1 !设置杆单元类型R,1,0.2,0.0008,0.2, , , , !设置梁单元几何常数R,2,0.0005, , !设置杆单元几何常数MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0MPDATA,EX,1,3.2e9 !输入弹性模量（围岩）MPDATA,PRXY,1,0.32 !输入泊松比（围岩）MPDATA,DENS,1,2200 !输入密度（围岩）MPDATA,EX,2,27
15、.5e9 !输入弹性模量（喷射混凝土）MPDATA,PRXY,2,0.2 !输入泊松比（喷射混凝土）MPDATA,DENS,2,2500 !输入密度（喷射混凝土）MPDATA,EX,3,200e9 !输入弹性模量（锚杆）MPDATA,PRXY,3,0.3 !输入泊松比（锚杆）MPDATA,DENS,3,7800 !输入密度（锚杆）SAVE !保存数据库2建立几何模型K,1,0,0, !创建隧道轮廓线关键点K,2,5.45,0,K,3,0,5.45,K,4,-5.45,0, K,5,-5.0838,-1.964,K,6,0,-4.15, K,7,5.0838,-1.964,K,8,8.45,0,
16、 !创建锚杆加固区域关键点K,9,0,8.45,K,10,-8.45,0, K,11,13,0, K,12,0,13, K,13,-13,0,K,14,-13,13, K,15,13,13,K,16,8.45,-8.45, K,17,-8.45,-8.45, K,18,-13,-13, K,19,13,-13, K,20,0,26, !创建计算区域关键点K,21,13,26,K,22,-13,26, K,23,-13,-34, K,24,13,-34, K,25,0,-34,K,26,50,-34, K,27,-50,-34, K,28,-50,26, K,29,50,26,K,30,50,1
17、3,K,31,50,0, K,32,50,-13, K,33,-50,-13, K,34,-50,0,K,35,-50,13, K,36,0,-8.45K,37,0,-13 K,38,2.8653,-3.5371K,39,-2.8653,-3.5371SAVE LARC,2,3,1,5.45, !* 画隧道轮廓线LARC,3,4,1,5.45, !* LARC,4,5,1,5.45,LARC, 5, 6, 39 !* LARC,7,2,1,5.45, LARC,8,9,1,8.45, !* 画锚杆加固区域线LARC,9,10,1,8.45, LSTR, 1, 2 !* 画其它分割线LSTR,
18、1, 3 LSTR, 1, 4 LSTR, 1, 6 LSTR, 2, 8 LSTR, 4, 10 LSTR, 8, 11 LSTR, 11, 15 LSTR, 15, 12 LSTR, 12, 9 LSTR, 12, 14 LSTR, 14, 13 LSTR, 13, 10 LSTR, 10, 17 LSTR, 13, 18 LSTR, 8, 16 LSTR, 11, 19LSTR, 17, 36 LSTR, 36, 16 LSTR, 6, 36 LSTR, 36, 37 LSTR, 18, 37 LSTR, 37, 19 LSTR, 37, 25 LSTR, 19, 24 LSTR, 18
19、, 23 LSTR, 14, 22 LSTR, 12, 20 LSTR, 15, 21 LSTR, 22, 20 LSTR, 20, 21 LSTR, 23, 25LSTR, 25, 24LSTR, 24, 26 LSTR, 19, 32 LSTR, 11, 31 LSTR, 15, 30 LSTR, 21, 29 LSTR, 22, 28 LSTR, 14, 35 LSTR, 13, 34 LSTR, 18, 33 LSTR, 23, 27 LSTR, 26, 32 LSTR, 32, 31 LSTR, 31, 30 LSTR, 30, 29 LSTR, 27, 33 LSTR, 33, 3
20、4 LSTR, 34, 35 LSTR, 35, 28 LSTR, 3, 9 LARC, 6, 7, 38 !*SAVE !保存数据, 生成的直线如图5-20所示。Al, 8, 1, 9, !采用线创建面，依次创建24个面Al, 9, 2, 10,Al, 10, 3, 4, 11,Al, 11, 60, 5, 8,Al, 12, 6, 59, 1,Al, 59, 7, 13, 2,Al, 27, 26, 23, 12, 5, 60,Al, 27, 25, 21, 13, 3, 4,Al, 14, 15, 16, 17, 6,Al, 17, 7, 20, 19, 18,Al, 20, 21, 2
21、5, 28, 29, 22,Al, 30, 24, 14, 23, 26, 28,Al, 39, 31, 29, 33,Al, 40, 32, 30, 31,Al, 41, 51, 42, 32,Al, 42, 52, 43, 24,Al, 43, 53, 44, 15, Al, 44, 54, 45, 36, Al, 16, 35, 38, 36, Al, 18, 34, 37, 35, Al, 47, 58, 46, 34, Al, 48, 57, 47, 19, Al, 49, 56, 48, 22, Al, 50, 55, 49, 33, SAVE !保存数据3创建网格模型lesize
22、,1,8,1 !设置单元大小, 即L1线划分成8个单元TYPE, 1 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 1 !设置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 1 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数NL (NDIV) NL (NDIV) NL (NDIV) NL (NDIV) NL (NDIV) NL (NDIV)1 8 11 8 21 4 31 5 41 8 51 52 8 12 3 22 4 32 5 42 8 52 43 2 13 3 23 4 33 5 43 8 53 44 6 14 3 24 4 34 4 44 8 54 45 2 15 4 25 4 35 4 45 8 55 56 8 16 4 26 4
23、 36 4 46 8 56 47 8 17 3 27 3 37 4 47 8 57 48 8 18 4 28 3 38 4 48 8 58 49 8 19 4 29 4 39 4 49 8 59 310 8 20 3 30 4 40 4 50 8 60 6!按照“lesize,1,8,1”格式，将其他59条线也进行被划分单元数设置AMAP,1,1,2,3, ! 划分面1，依次单击关键点1，2，3进行映射AMAP,2,1,3,4, AMAP,3,1,4,6, AMAP,4,6,2,1, ! 面1到4，为隧道内开挖土体AMAP,5,2,8,9,3 ! 划分锚固加固去围岩单元，包括面5和6AMAP,
24、6,3,9,10,4 AMAP,7,6,36,8,2 AMAP,8,4,10,36,6AMAP,9,8,11,12,9 ! 采用映射划分中心区域其它面AMAP,10,9,12,13,10 AMAP,11,10,13,37,36 AMAP,12,36,37,11,8 amesh,13,24,1 ! 划分周边区域面SAVE ! 存储数据TYPE, 2 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 2 !设置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 1 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数!通过两个节点创建梁单元 E, 2,11 E,11,12E,12,13E,13,14E,14,15E,15,16E,16,17E,17,10E,
25、10,63 E,63,64E,64,65E,65,66E,66,67E,67,68E,68,69E,69,62E,62,115E,115,114E,114,117E,117,118E,118,119E,119,120E,120,121E,121,116E,116,167E,167,168E,168,169 E,169,170E,170,171E,171,166E,166,172E,172,2 TYPE, 3 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 3 !设置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 2 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数!通过两个节点创建梁单元 E,2,211E,211,212E,212,210E,1
26、1,223E,223,230E,230,214E,12,224E,224,231E,231,215E,13,225E,225,232E,232,216E,14,226E,226,233E,233,217E,15,227E,227,234E,234,218E,16,228E,228,235E,235,219E,17,229E,229,236E,236,220E,10,221E,221,222E,222,213E,63,247E,247,254E,254,238E,64,248E,248,255E,255,239E,65,249E,249,256E,256,240E,66,250E,250,257
27、E,257,241E,67,251E,251,258E,258,242E,68,252E,252,259E,259,243E,69,253E,253,260E,260,244E,62,245E,245,246E,246,237Finish 5.2.2 加载与自重应力场求解/SOL !进入求解器NSEL,S,LOC,X,-50.1,-49.9NSEL,A,LOC,X,49.9,50.1 d,all,ux,0 !在选择的节点上施加“Ux”约束Allsel !选择所有内容NSEL,S,LOC,Y,-34.1,-33.9d,all,uy,0 !在选择的节点上施加“Uy”约束（2）施加重力加速度。ACE
28、L, 0, 10, 0, !在Y方向施加重力加速度SAVE !施加了位移约束和自重应力场后见图5-25所示。NROPT, FULL, , !采用全牛顿拉普森法进行求解Allsel !选择所有内容ESEL,S,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元ESEL,A,TYPE,3 !选择3类单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Allsel !选择所有内容Solve !求解计算Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE1自重应力场后处理竖向位移（PLNSOL,U,Y,0,1）和应力（PLNSOL,S,Y,0,1）如图5-26和图5-27所示。5.2.3 上台阶开挖模拟分析1上台阶开挖施工/post1Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单/SOL !进入求解器Allsel !选择所有内容ANTYPE,REST,1,1,0 !重新启动求解器ASEL,S, , ,1,2,1 !选择上台阶面ESLA,R !选择上台阶土体单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给
