1、中英文对照外文翻译Automation of professional developmentAutomation in the history of professional development, industrial automation professional and control professional development of the two main line, industrial automation professional from the first industrial enterprises electrified professional.In the
2、 1950s, the New China was just founded, the 100-wastequestion,studytheSovietUnionestablishedsystemofhigher education,Subdivisionprofessional.Correspondingto the country in the constructionof industrialautomationand defense,military constructioninautomaticcontrol,successivelyset upthe electrification
3、 of industrial enterprises professional and control professional(at that time in many schools, Control professional secrecy is professional) . After several former professional name of evolution (see below), and gradually develop into a biased towards applications,biased towards strong, Automation,a
4、nd the latter to maintain professional name of control basically unchanged (in the earlydaysalsoknownas the automaticlearningAnd remote learning, Automatic Control System professional), and gradually develop into a biased towards theory, biased towards weak, the automation professional, and come tog
5、ether in 1995, merged into a13unifiedautomaticprofessional.In1998,accordingto the MinistryofEducationannouncedthelatestprofessional undergraduatecollegesanduniversitiesdirectory,adjusted, the merger of the new automatedprofessionalinclude not only the original automatic professional (including indus
6、trial automation professionalandcontrolprofessional),Alsoincreasedthe hydraulictransmissionandcontrol of professional (part), electrical technology professional (part) and aircraft guidance and control of professional (part).Clearly, one of Chinas automationprofessionalhistory of the developmentofCh
7、inashighereducationactuallyisanew development of the cause of a microcosm of the history, but also the history of New China industrial development of a miniature. Below industrialautomationprofessionaldevelopmentof the main line of this example, a detailed review of its development process in the ma
8、ny professionalname change (in real terms in the professional content changes) and its industrial building at the time of the close relationship.First a brief look at the world and Chinas professional division history. We know that now use the professionaldivision is largely from the 19th century to
9、 the beginning of the second half of the first half of the 20th century stereotypes of the engineering, is basically industry (products) for the objects to the division,they have been the image of people Known as the industry professionals or trade associations.At present the internationaleducation
10、system in two categories, with Britain and the United States as the representativeof the educationsystemnot yet out of industryprofessionals system, but has taken the generalist the road of education and the former Soviet Union for Europe (close to the Soviet Union) as the representativeTheeducation
11、system,atthebeginningoftheimplementation of professionals education, professional-very small, although reforms repeatedly, but to the current industry professionals are still very obvious characteristics.Inthe1950s,justafterthefoundingofNewChina,a comprehensivestudy and the SovietUnion and sub-profe
12、ssional very small; Since reform and opening up, only to Britain and the United States to graduallyas the representativeof the education system to move closer, and gradually reduce the professional,the implementationofgeneralisteducationthrougha number of professionalRestructuringandmerger(thetotaln
13、umberof professionalsfromthemaximumof 1,343 kinds of gradually reducing the current 249 kinds), although not out of industry professionals and Mei Ming, but many of the colleges and universities, mostly only one of a Professional, rather than the past more than a professional.Beforethat,Chinasfirstp
14、rofessionalautomationfromtheNational Universityin 1952 when the first major readjustmentof the establishment of professional - electrified professional industrial enterprises.At thattime,the SovietUnionassistancetothe construction of Chinas 156 large industrial enterprises, automation of much-needed
15、 electrical engineering and technical personnel, and such professionaland technicalpersonneltraining,and then was very consistent with Chinas industrial construction.By the 1960s, professionalname changed to industrialelectric and automation, thelate1970swhentoresumeenrollmentElectricIndustrial Auto
16、mationprofessional.Thisisnotonlyprofessional name changes, but has its profound meaning, it reflects Chinas industries from electrified step by step to the automatic into the realhistory and that part of the development trend of Chinas automation professionalreflects how urgent countries Urgent for
17、the countryseconomicconstructionservicesthatperiodofhistoryand development of real direction.1993, after four years of the third revision of the undergraduateprofessionaldirectories,the State Education Commissionissued a callsystemintegrity,morescientificandreasonable,the harmonizationof norms,the o
18、rdinaryprofessionaldirectoryof undergraduatecollegesanduniversities. ElectricIndustrial Automationand productionprocess automationmerger of the twoprofessionalelectrician tosetupakindofindustrial automation professional, by the then Ministry of Industry Machinery centralized management colleges and
19、universities to set up industrial automation teaching guide at the Commission, responsible for the Industrial Automation professional teachingand guiding work at the same time, Control was attributable to the professional category of electronic information, the then Ministry of Industryof electronic
20、centralizedmanagementcontrolto set up collegesanduniversitiesteachingguideat theCommission, responsible for the control Professional teaching guide our work.After the professionaladjustment, further definedthe industrial automationprofessionaland control professional- both strong and weak, hardwarea
21、nd softwareinto considerationand control theory and practical system integration, and the movement control, processcontrolandothertargetsofcontrolThecommon characteristics with the training objectives, but also the basic set of industrialautomationbiased towards strong, professional,biased towards a
22、pplications,Control professionalbiased towards weak, biased towards the theory of professional characteristics and pattern ofdivisionoflabor.1995,theState EducationCommission promulgated the (University) undergraduate engineering leading professional directory, the electrical category industrialauto
23、mationprofessionaland the original electronic information such as control of professional electronic information into a new categoryof automatic professional. Asthisistheleading professionaldirectory,arenotenforced,coupledwithgeneral industrialautomationstrong or weak, both professionalinto a weakpr
24、ofessionalcategoryofelectronicinformationisnot conducive to professionaldevelopmentand thus many Schools remain industrial automation professional and control the situation of professional co-exist. Since 1996 more, again commissioned by the Ministry of National Education Ministry of Industry and el
25、ectronic machinery industries of other parts of the establishment of the new session (second session) centralized management guidance at the University Teaching Commission, making the leading professionals have not been effective Implemented.1998, to meet the countryseconomicconstructionof KuanKouji
26、ngpersonneltraining needs, furtherconsolidationof professionaland internationalgeneralisteducation track by the Ministryof Educationannounceda fourth revisionof the latest UniversitiesUndergraduateCatalog.So far in the use of the directory,thetotalnumberofprofessionalsfromthethird amendments to the
27、504 kinds of substantially reduced to 249 species, the original directory is strong, professional electrician and a weak professionalcategorysuchaselectronicsandinformationinto categories Electric power, the unity of Information, a former electrician at the same time kind of industrial automation pr
28、ofessional and the type of electronic information control professional formal merger, together with the hydraulic transmission and control of professional (part) , Electric technology professional (part) and aircraft guidance and controlof professional(part), the compositionof the new (enforcement)
29、areelectricalinformationsuchasautomaticprofessional. Accordingto statistics,so far thecountryhas morethan 200 collegesanduniversitiessetupthiskindofautomatic professional. If the name of automation as part of their professional expertise(suchaselectricalengineeringandautomation, mechanicaldesign and
30、 manufacturing automation,agricultural mechanizationand automationand other professionals) included Automation has undoubtedly is the largest in China A professional.Of the characteristics of Chinas automation professional:Recalling Chinas professional history of the development of automation, combined with the corresponding period of the construction of Chinas national
