1、研究生中医英语复习要点翻译短语1中国医药学traditional Chinese medicine; TCM 2中医基础理论basic theory of TCM 3临床经验clinical experience 4辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation5中药学Chinese pharmacy 6针灸acupuncture and moxibustion7病因学etiology 8方剂prescription; formula 9滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire 10六腑six fu-organs1
2、1整体观念holism 12社会属性social attribute13诊断学diagnostics14邪正关系relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi15治疗学therapeutics 16风寒感冒common cold due to wind and cold17同病异治treatment of the same disease with different remedies18异病同治treatment of different diseases with the same remedy19疾病本质nature of d
3、isease20相互转化 mutual transformation 21寒极生热 extreme cold turning into heat 22相互消长 mutual wane-wax 23相互制约 mutual restriction24相互依存 interdependence25五行学说the doctrine of five elements26相乘相侮subjugation and counter-restriction27土虚木乘deficient earth being subjugated by wood 28生克制化inhibition-development with
4、generation and restriction29母病及子 involvement of a child- organ by its mother-organ disorder 30藏象学说doctrine of visceral manifestations31奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs 32水谷精微essence of water and food33临床实践clinical practice34藏而不泻storage without discharge/excretion 35心气充沛sufficiency of heart qi36血液充盈suffic
5、iency of blood37汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin38脾主运化the spleen governing transportation and transformation39后天之本origin of acquired constitution 40奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs 41上焦upper energizer42泌别清浊separating the lucid from the turbid 43初步消化 primary digestion 44月经来潮occurrence of menstr
6、uation45先天禀赋innateness 46水液代谢water metabolism47气机调畅smoothness of qi movement 48气机qi movement 49气化qi transformation 50先天之气innate qi51后天之气acquired qi 52气生血qi generating blood 53气行血qi propelling blood54津血同源body fluid and blood sharing the same origin55气为血帅，血为气母Qi serves as commander of blood and blood
7、does as mother of qi56益气固脱nourishing qi to stop collapse57经络学说meridian theory 58经络系统meridian system 59十二正经twelve regular meridians 60奇经八脉eight extraordinary meridians61十二经别twelve meridians divergences 62外感六淫six exogenous pathogenic factors 63风邪外袭pathogenic wind attacking the exterior 64感受寒邪attack/in
8、vade by pathogenic cold 65阴虚生内热production of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency66七情内伤internal impairment due to seven emotions 67体质强弱 (body )constitutional state 68五心烦热feverish sensation in the five centers (palms, soles, and chest)69五志过极extreme changes of five emotions70阴阳互损mutual involvement of
9、 yin and yang71精充气足 sufficient essence and abundant qi72肌肤甲错squamous and dry skin73预后良好favorable prognosis74脉象pulse conations75表里同病disease involving both exterior and interior76寒热错杂co-existence of cold and heat/ mixture of cold and heat77真寒假热true cold with false heat 78寒证化热cold syndrome transforming
10、 into heat one79热证转寒transformation of heat syndrome into cold one80潮热盗汗tidal fever and night sweating 81中草药Chinese medicinal herbs 82四气五味four properties and five flavors 83燥湿健脾drying dampness to invigorate the spleen84升降沉浮ascending, descending, sinking and floating85归经channel tropism of medicines86用
11、药禁忌medication contraindication 87方剂学science of prescription88方剂的加减modification of a prescription89剂型与剂量drug form and dosage 90药物毒性toxicity of medicinal herb 91引经报使guiding action92药物饮片 herbal slice93针灸疗法acupuncture and moxibustion (therapy)94针刺补泻reinforcing and reducing 95针刺止痛analgesia by acupuncture
12、96针刺麻醉acupuncture anesthesia97耳针疗法ear acupuncture (therapy)98提插捻转lifting, thrusting, twisting and rotating (techniques)翻译句子1中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。TCM has a history of thousands of years and is a summary of the Chinese peoples experience in their struggle against diseases.2中医学有完整独特的理论体系。 TC
13、M has a unique and integrative theoretical system.3黄帝内经为中医学理论体系的形成奠定了基础。Huangdi Neijing has laid a foundation for the formation of theoretical system of TCM.4阳常有余，阴常不足。 Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient.5内伤脾胃，百病由生。 Internal impairment of the spleen and stomach causes variou
14、s diseases.6金元时期出现了后世称为“金元四大家”的医学流派。In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, there appeared the so-called “four great physicians” in medical school.7张从正认为病由邪生，提倡汗、吐、下三法祛邪治病。Zhang Congzheng believed that all diseases were caused by pathogenic factors and advocated the three means of diaphoresis, emesis and pur
15、gation to eliminate the pathogens for cure of diseases8中医理论体系有两个基本特点：一是整体观念，二是辨证论治。The theoretical system of TCM is mainly characterized by holism and treatment based on syndrome differentiation.9中医学认为人体是一个有机的整体。TCM believes that the human body is an organic whole.10整体观念贯穿于中医生理、病理、诊法、辨证和治疗的各个方面。The
16、holism permeates through various aspects of the physiology, pathology, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment of diseases.11心开窍于舌并与小肠相表里。The heart opens into the tongue and is internally and externally related to the small intestine.12人体阳气白天多趋于表，夜晚多趋于里。Yang qi in the human body tends to f
17、low to the exterior in the daytime and to the interior at night.13证是机体在疾病发展过程中的某一阶段的病理概括。Syndrome is a generalization of pathological changes at a certain stage during the course of a disease.14证包括了病变的部位、原因、性质，以及邪正关系。Syndrome includes the location, cause and nature of a disease as well as the state
18、of pathogenic factors and healthy qi. 15阴阳是自然界相互关联的某些事物和现象对立双方的概括。Yin and yang are the summarization of the attributes of two opposite aspects of interrelated things or phenomena in nature.16在一定条件下，阴阳可以各自向其相反的方向发展。Under given conditions, either yin or yang may transform into its counterpart.17功能属于阳，
19、物质属于阴。Function pertains to yang while substance to yin.18无论疾病的病理变化如何复杂，都不外乎阴阳的偏胜偏衰。No matter how complicated pathological changes of a disease are, they are nothing more than relative predominance of yin or yang.19正气指整个机体的结构与功能，包括人体对疾病的抵抗力等。The so-called vital qi refers to the structure and function
20、s of the body, including body resistance against diseases. 20中医理论体系在形成过程中，受到古代五行学说的深刻影响。The formation of the theoretical system of TCM was deeply influenced by the doctrine of five elements.21水具有滋润和向下的特性。Water is characterized by moistening and downward flow.22肝主升而归属于木。The liver pertains to wood bec
21、ause its qi is characterized by ascending.23脾主运化而归属于土。The spleen pertains to earth because it governs transportation and transformation.24相乘即以强凌弱的意思。Subjugation means to launch an attack on the weak.25生我者为母，我生者为子。The one generating me is my mother and the one being generated by me is my child. 26五脏的
22、共同生理特点是化生和贮藏精气。The common physiological function of the five zang-organs is to produce and store essential qi.27六腑的共同生理特点是受盛和传化水谷。The common physiological function of the six fu-organs is to receive, transport and transform water and food. 28肾的精气有促进骨骼生长的作用。The essence-qi in the kidney is helpful for
23、 promoting the growth of skeleton.29心与小肠相表里。The heart and the small intestine are internal-externally related (to each other).30五脏的生理活动与精神情志密切相关。The physiological functions of the five zang-organs are closely associated with the minds and emotions. 31心脏的主要生理功能是主血脉和主神志。The main physiological function
24、 of the heart is to control blood and vessels, and govern the spirit.32血液的正常运行必须以心气充沛，血液充盈和脉道通利为其基本的前提条件。Sufficient heart qi, abundant blood and smooth vessels are essential prerequisite to normal circulation of blood.33肺的呼吸功能健全与否，直接影响着宗气的生成。The respiratory function of the lung directly influences t
25、he production of pectoral qi.34脾为后天之本，气血生化之源。The spleen is the origin of acquired constitution and the source of qi and blood production.35肝的主要生理功能是主疏泄和主藏血。The main physiological functions of the liver are to control free flow of qi and store blood.36肾主生长、发育与生殖。 The kidney governs growth, developmen
26、t and reproduction.37肾所藏的精气包括“先天之精”和“后天之精”。The essence stored in the kidney includes innate essence and acquired essence.38肾的纳气功能正常则呼吸均匀和调。When the kidney functions normally to receive qi, breath will be smooth and even. 三、39胆的主要生理功能是贮存和排泄胆汁。The main physiological function of the gallbladder is to s
27、tore and excrete bile.40胃的生理功能是受纳与腐熟水谷。The main physiological function of the stomach is to receive and decompose foodstuff.41小肠在吸收水谷精微的同时，也吸收了大量的水液。 The small intestine also absorbs a large quantity of water as it is absorbing essence from the chyme.42小肠的泌别清浊功能正常，则二便正常。If the small intestine functi
28、ons well to separate the lucid from the turbid, the defecation and urination will be normal.43胃与脾相表里。 The stomach and the spleen are internally and externally related. 44气是构成人体的最基本物质。Qi is the most essential substance to constitute the body.45人体的气来源于禀受于父母的先天之精、饮食物中的营养物质和存在于自然界的清气Qi in the body is de
29、rived from innate essence inheriting from the parents, and acquired essence coming from both food nutrients and fresh air.46气是活力很强的精微物质。 Qi is a sort of refined substance with powerful activity.47气化指通过气的运动而产生的各种变化。Qi transformation refers to various changes caused by qi movement.48元气是人体最基本、最重要的气，是人体
30、生命活动的原动力。The primordial qi, as the most essential and important qi, is the primary power of life.49宗气是积于胸中之气，具有推动心脏的搏动、调节心率和心律的功能。The pectoral qi is a kind of qi accumulating in the thorax, functioning to enhance heart beat and regulate heart rate and cardiac rhythm.50营主内守而属阴，卫主外卫而属阳。The nutritive q
31、i pertains to yin with its nourishment to the interior of the body while the defensive qi pertains to yang with its protection of the body surface. 51气血津液都是维持人体生命活动的基本物质。Qi, blood and body fluid are the basic substances for maintaining human life activities.52血与津液均为液态物质，都有营养和滋润作用，与气相对而言，两者都属阴。Both the blood and body fluid are liquid substance, they function to nourish and moisten, pertain to yin as compared with qi.53人体排泄水液的途径主要是尿与汗。
