1、成人英语三级考试语法复习题1第一节谓语动词、主谓一致三、真题演练及练习扩展解题思路难点：需读懂句意1 读懂句意2 分析事件发生时间3 选择对应形式1. Mary _ in the garden when it began to rain. (QE92-56) A. was walking B. walked C. walking D. had walked【答案】A it began to rain是一个过去的时间点，因此主句因该用过去进行时。选A。句意为“当开始下雨时，玛丽正在花园散步。”2. Smith is to study medicine as soon as he_ militar
2、y service. (QE93-40) A. will finish B. has finished C. finish D. would finish【答案】B句意：一服完兵役，史密斯就要开始学习医学。此处as soon as 引导时间状语从句，从句中用一般现在时或者现在完成时表示将来，所以排除A和D；而如果用一般现在时，应该是finishes, 因此C项也不正确；所以选has finished,为现在完成时。3. Please be sure to telephone me the next time you_. (QE93-49) A. will come B. would come
3、C. shall come D. come【答案】D the next time you come 是时间状语从句，“下次你来的时候”，the next time 后一般用现在时表将来时。4. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun . (QE94-23)A. shone B. shines C. has shone D. was shining【答案】D 从句表现的是一个时间点，“我到达山顶的时候”，因此逐句应该用进行时，来表示发生在 那一刻的事情。5. Lets go to the cinema tonight. I _ for you
4、 at the gate. (QE95-21)A. wait B. shall wait C. am waiting D. shall have waited【答案】B 本句中tonight是一个将来时间，时态应用将来时。第一人称将来时可用 shall表示。6. The chemistry class _ for five minutes when we hurried there. (QE95-24)A. had been on B. was on C. has been on D. would be on 【答案】A for five minutes是延续性时间状语，句子时态应用完成时；
5、when 引导的时间状语从句为过去式，主句时态应与之对应，所以应该用过去完成时。7. By the time Juan gets home, his aunt _. (QE95-25)A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. is leaving【答案】C by the time短语表示直到.时候为止，应该用完成时。从句中用的是一般现在时态，则主句的时态是将来发生。所以主句中应该用将来完成式。8. Youve already missed too many classes this term. You _ two classes just las
6、t week. (QE95-54)A. missed B. would miss C. had missed D. have missed【答案】A last week是明显的表过去时态的时间副词，句子直接用动词的过去式9. They will go home for winter vacation as soon as they _ their exams. (QE96-32) A. have finished B. finish C. will finish D. will have finished【答案】B 本题考察的是时态.主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。句意是“当他们一考完试就
7、会回家过寒假10. About the sixth century A.D. when few Europeans could read, the Chinese _ paper. (QE97-35)A. invented B. had invented C. have invented D. had been invented 【答案】B 本题考查的是过去完成时的用法。首先the Chinese和invent之间是主动关系所以排除D。又因为强调的是过去，所以排除C。再有句子意思强调在few Europeans could read的时候，the Chinese已经怎么样，所以选择完成时。11
8、. I have two friends but _ of them likes to go fishing with me.(QE97-36)A. none B. neither C. both D. either【答案】B 本题考查的是不定代词的辨析。None是三个以上的否定。Both是两个的肯定，对应的谓语动词不应用第三人称单数。Either表示两个之中的任何一个。从句意上判断，应该选择B。12. Many a person in this circumstance _ for a long break.(QE97-51)A. have hoped B. has hoped C. are
9、 hoping D. has been hoped【答案】B 本题考察的是主谓一致和语态. 如果主语是由 many a或more than one 构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但他的 谓语动词仍用单数.排除A,C. 人希望是主动,所以应该用主动语态,排除D. 句意是“ 这个环境里的许多人都希望放个长假休息.”13. I fell and hurt myself while I _ tennis. (QE98-43)A. was playing B. am playing C. play D. played【答案】A 此句是过去时态，故排除B和C项。14. I _ on the door for
10、 ten minutes now without an answer. (QE98-49)A. was knocking B. am knocking C. knocking D. have been knocking【答案】D 从for ten minutes 可以看出，前面的动词应该时表示持续重复的动作的形式。A项时过去进行时，B项时现在进行时，都是表示正在进行的动作，没有延续性；C项knocking作为现在分词不可以单独作谓语，D项时现在完成进行时，表示重复的动作，“一直在敲门”，而“没有人应答”（without an answer）。15. Dr. Robert went to New
11、 York, bought some books and _. (QE99-41)A. visiting his daughter B. to visit his daughter C. visit his daughter D. visited his daughter 【答案】D 此句中有三个动词作并列谓语，由and连接，所以前后时态应一致。16. I _ writing the article by the time you get back. (QE00-24)A. shall finish B. must have finished C. have finished D. shall
12、 have finished【答案】：D。本句为将来完成时。表示在将来的某一时刻或将来的某一时刻之前已完成，这一动作可以继续下去。When you come again in July we shall have moved into a new house.七月份你们再来的时候，我们就搬进新房子里去了。I shall have done it by the end of this week.我要在周末做完它。本句的意思是“我要在你回来之前写完这篇文章”。17. No one can be sure if the car on display fits him or her until he
13、or she _ them. (QE02-45)A. tries B. will try C. are trying D. have tried【答案】：A。本题是测试考生的时态。在时间和条件状语从句中要用一般时表示将来的动作。因此A 是正确答案。又如：“They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they finish their exams. 他们一考完试就回家过寒假。”18. No one can possibly recall any detail about the meeting. It is at least five yea
14、rs since it _. (QE02-54)A. had taken place B. was taken place C. took place D. was taking place 【答案】：C。It is time since +从句（谓语动词用过去时），故选C。It is many years since World War Two was over.自从二次大战结束以来已经很多年了。19. Neither John nor I _ able to persuade Richards grandfather to attend the wedding. (QE03-11-35)A
15、. am B. are C. are to be D. is【答案】A 本句考查主谓一致这一语法点。Neithernor，eitheror连接主语时，谓语动词要采取就近原则。例如：Neither Tom nor I nor anybody else knows how to do it不论是你，我或者是其他任何人都不知道怎么做。本句的意思是：“我和约翰都不能劝说理查得的爷爷参加婚礼。”20. When I went to visit Mrs. Smith last week, I was told she _ two days before. (QE03-11-40)A. has left B
16、. was leaving C. would leave D. had left【答案】D 本句考查过去完成时的用法，表示过去的过去。本句的意思是：“我上周去拜访史密斯夫人的时候，有人告诉我说她两天前就走了。”21. Mr. Smith, together with his wife and children, _ going to the party this weekend. (QE04-11-28)A. am B. is C are D. will【答案】B 此题考查主谓一致的用法。当主语后跟有with，along with，together with，besides，except，in
17、cluding，as well as，rather than等词时，谓语动词不受词组的影响，仅和第一个主语保持一致。本句的意思是：“史密斯先生和他的妻子和孩子周末去参加宴会。”因此B最符合题意。22. By next year he _ in New York for five years. (QE04-11-30) A. has worked B. has been working C. works D. will have worked【答案】D 本题考查将来完成时的用法。表示将来某个时间要完成的动作。本句的意思是：“到明年为止，他在纽约已经工作五提了.23. By the time yo
18、u arrive this evening, _ for two hours. (QE04-11-41) A. I will study B. I will have been studied C. I had studied D. I will have been studying 【答案】D 此题考查将来完成进行时的用法。本句的意思是：“到今晚你来的时候，我们就已经学习两个小时了。”24. The teacher, as well as all his students, _ by the dancers performance. (QE05-04-42) A. was impressed
19、 B. had impressed C. impressed D. were impressed【答案】A。本题考查的是主谓一致。主语应是teacher，动词用第三人称单数形式。as well as:都，这种句型根据as well as前的主语确定动词形式。25. Since he left the university, he _ in an accounting company. (QE06-04-16) A. has been working B. had worked C. had been working D. was working【答案】D这句话的意思是自从大学毕业以后，他就在这
20、家会计公司工作。该句是since引导的时间状语从句。由于该动作一直持续到现在，所以用完成时的进行时态。这句话强调的是自从大学毕业以后他就一直在哪家公司工作.26. The goods _ when we arrived at the airport. (QE06-04-22) A. were just unloading B. were just been unloading C. had just unloaded D. were just being unloaded【答案】D 货物被卸下，排除ABC.选D27. Mrs. White became a teacher in 1985. S
21、he _ for twenty years by next summer. (QE07-11-43) A. will teach B. would have taught C. has been teaching D. will have been teaching【答案】D此题考查的是动词辨析。A 建议，但无suggest sb to do 这种用法；B 吸引；C 引诱，D劝说。根据题意应该是：Alice很相信你，只有你能劝说她放弃这种愚蠢的念头。故选D28. In another year or so, you _ all about it. (QE08-04-33) A. forget
22、B. would forget C. have forgotten D. will have forgotten 【答案】D大概一年以后，你就会完全忘记它了。将来完成时。谓语动词真题演练答案1-5ABDDB 6-10ACABB 11-15BBADD 16-20DACAD 21-25BDDAA 26-28DDD第二节虚拟语气三、真题演练及练习扩展解题思路难点：时态变换1.是否有常见词2.对哪个时间点的虚拟3.应用时态推移或应用should+动原1. It is necessary that we _ have a good command of English at college. (QE92
23、-57) A. must B. have to C. should D. ought to 【答案】C本句考察虚拟语气：It is necessary that sb. (should) do sth. 这是一个固定句型，表示“某人应当，必须作某事”。2. If a better material _, the strength of the part would have been increased. (QE92-58) A. had been used B. had been using C. being used D. using 【答案】A 本句考察虚拟语气。与过去事实相反的假设，从
24、句应该用过去完成时;又因为material 是use 的宾语，应用被动式。3. He was very busy yesterday; otherwise he_ to the meeting. (QE93-21) A. would have come B. would come C. could come D. had come【答案】A 本句考察虚拟语气。“如果他不是很忙的话，昨天就去开会了”，事实是他没有去开会，所以是与过去事实相反的假设，主句应该用过去将来完成时，因此选A项would have come.4. She says shed rather he _ tomorrow ins
25、tead of today. (QE07-11-28)A. leaves B. left C. leave D. would leave 【答案】B。考察虚拟语气，would rather后面宾语从句要用过去时，表示虚拟语气，此句描述将来5. If you_ that late movie last night, you wouldnt be so sleepy. (QE93-60) A. hadnt watched B. havent watched C. wouldnt have watched D. didnt watch【答案】A 此题考察虚拟语气，假设“如果你昨晚没看那场电影”，事实
26、是看了，因此句意与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。6. My suggestion yesterday was that a meeting _ to discuss the matter. (QE07-04-23)A. should hold B. must be held C. would be held D. be held【答案】D此题考查的是虚拟语气。关键词在suggestion, 与suggest有关的形式都要与虚拟语气挂钩。会议是“被举行”，故用被动。7. If you that night, you might have been too late to get your tick
27、et. (QE94-38)A. didnt hurry B. hadnt hurried C. wouldnt hurry D. hadnt to hurry【答案】B 从给出的主句看，本句为虚拟语气，架设过去已发生的事情，因此从句用过去完成时。8. With all this work on hand, she _ to the dance party last night. (QE06-11-30) A. oughtnt to go B. hadnt gone C. shouldnt have gone D. mustnt have gone【答案】C 原句意思“她手头还有这么多工作，昨晚
28、本不应去参加舞会”，对过去情况的虚拟用 “should have done”结构。9. I dont think it advisable that Tom _ to the job since he has no experience. (QE06-11-29) A. be assigned B. is assigned C. will be assigned D. has been assigned【答案】A “t advisable that.” 从句虚拟语气“should do”should可省略。10. I would ask George to lend us the money
29、if I _ him. (QE95-38) A. had known B. have known C. knew D. to have read【答案】C 该句使用了虚拟语气，从主句的would ask 判断，if 从句谓语动词可以用一般过去时knew,表示对现在事实的虚拟。句意为“如果我认识乔治的话，我就让他借给我们钱了”。11. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people _ the same language? (QE95-59) A. spoke B. speak C. had spoken
30、D. will speak 【答案】A do you think是主句，后面的部分是宾语从句，而宾语从句是一个包含if 条件状语从句的复合句；there would be判断, if从句中可以用一般过去时spoke，表示现在事实的虚拟。句意为; 你如果认为人们都说同样的语言，世界上就会少些冲突吗？12. Without your help, we _ so much. (QE96-33)A. didnt achieve B. would not have achieved C. will not achieve D. dont achieve【答案】B 本题考察的是虚拟语气. without
31、your help = if you had not helped us,表示与过去事实相反,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might + 动词原形.故选B. 句意是“如果不是你帮助我们,我们就不会取得这么大的成就.”13. _ you were busy, I wouldnt have bothered you with my questions. (QE96-39)AIf I realized B. Had I realizedCDid I have realized that D. As I realized【答案】B 本题考察的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气.条件状语从句谓语动词用had +过去分词,主句谓语动词用,should/would/could/might +have + 过去分词.当省略if 时,条件从句中的had 提前. 句意是“如果我意识到你这么忙,我就不拿我的这些问题来打扰你了.”14. Its high time we_ something to stop traffic accident(QE96-43)A do
