1、高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习4及答案2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（4）及答案阅读理解技法指导2推理判断题推理判断题常见的命题方式有以下几种：(1)We can know from the passage that _.(2)We can infer from the (first/last) passage that _.(3)The passage/author implies/suggests that _.(4)It can be concluded from the passage that _.(5)The underlined sentence indicates th
2、at _.(6)From the passage we can draw the conclusion that _.(7)The author seems to be in favor of/against _.(8)The authors purpose of writing this passage is _.(9)The author may probably agree with/support _.(10)Whats the authors attitude/view/point _？(11)How does the author feel about _？(12)In the a
3、uthors opinion，_.如：(2012课标全国高考，D篇)Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycl
4、e after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle，twinkle，little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.One explan
5、ation is the law of overlearning，which can be stated as follows：Once we have learned something，additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learne
6、d them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle，twinkle，little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks.We not only learn but overlearn.The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things tha
7、t we learn in school，because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习) for an examination，though it may result in a passing grade，is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming，a student may learn the subject well en
8、ough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little overlearning，on the other hand，is really necessary for ones future development.68The author explains the law of overlearning by _.Apresenting research findingsBsetting down general rulesCmaking a
9、comparisonDusing examples剖析：D推理判断题。作者在第二段中解释了the law of overlearning，接着在第三、四段通过具体的实例来对此进行说明。故选D项。70What is the authors opinion on cramming?AIt leads to failure in college exams.BIts helpful only in a limited way.CIts possible to result in poor memory.DIt increases students learning interest.剖析：B推理判断
10、题。由最后一段第一句可知，虽然突击学习可能在通过考试的分数上起一定作用，但是对于学习大学课程来说却不是一种令人满意的方法。由此推出，在作者看来突击学习的作用是有一定局限性的。故选B项。这类题目单从材料的字面意思中是找不到答案的，这就要求考生必须仔细阅读，了解文中的全部信息或事实，透彻理解文章的深层含义，运用归纳、综合、推理的逻辑思维方法，将已述和未述的含义结合起来思考，判断人物的动机、目的和性格特征，理顺事件发生的顺序或前因后果，从而找到答案。C7 2013北京卷 CDoes Fame Drive You Crazy?Although being famous might sound like
11、 a dream come true, todays stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the worlds attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not
12、 being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!According to psychologist Christina Villarreal, celebritiesfamous peopleworry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fa
13、ns imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time，” Villarreal says, “they feel separated and alone.”The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century BC, painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture hi
14、s victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his soldout readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain(抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about filmstars in much the same way that modern tabloids and
15、websites do.Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes an
16、d keep their “story” alive forever.If fame is so troublesome, why arent all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They
17、focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already.63It can b
18、e learned from the passage that stars today _A. are often misunderstood by the publicB. can no longer have their privacy protectedC. spend too much on their public appearanceD. care little about how they have come into fame64What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. Great heroes of the past were gener
19、ally admired.B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.C. Wellknown actors are usually targets of tabloids.D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.65What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?A. Availability of modern media.B. Inadequate social recognition.C. Lack
20、 of favorable chances.D. Huge population of fans.66What is the authors attitude toward modern celebrity?A. Sincere. B. Sceptical.C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.【要点综述】 本文主要论述名人的烦恼，涉及名人的压力、与世界的隔离、历史由来、现在的状况，最后提出了解决名人烦恼的办法。63B 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，名人几乎难有隐私。所以选B。64B 段落大意题。第三段主要讲名人烦恼的历史由来。所以选B。65A 细节理解题。根据第四
21、段cameras、the Internet等可知选A。66D 观点态度题。作者对于名人的压力、存在状况是非常同情的。所以选D。sincere真挚的；sceptical怀疑的；disapproving不赞成的；sympathetic同情的。阅读理解技法指导3主旨大意题主旨大意题常见的命题方式有以下几种：(1)The best title/headline for this passage is _.(2)The passage(or the first paragraph)is mainly about _.(3)What is the main idea/topic/purpose/subje
22、ct of the passage?(4)Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?(5)The passage chiefly discusses/deals with _.(6)Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?(7)The passage mainly tells us that _.(8)Which of the following can best sum up the passage?(9)
23、Whats the best/most suitable title of this text/passage?如：(2012湖南高考，C篇)Harvard researchers have created a tough，lowcost，biodegradable (可生物降解的) material inspired by insects hard outer shells.The materials inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally
24、friendly alternative to plastic.The material，made from shrimp (虾) shells and proteins produced from silk，is called “shrilk.” It is thin，clear，flexible and strong.A major benefit of the material is its biodegradability.Plastics toughness and flexibility represented a revolution in materials science d
25、uring the 1950s and 60s.Decades later，however，plastics very durability (耐用性) is raising questions about how appropriate it is for onetime products such as plastic bags，or shortlived consumer goods，used in the home for a few years and then cast into a landfill where they will degrade for centuries.Wh
26、at is the point of making something that lasts 1,000 years?Shrilk not only will degrade in a landfill，but its basic components are used as fertilizer(肥料)，and so will enrich the soil.Shrilk has great potential，the inventors said.Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature，found in everyth
27、ing ranging from shrimp shells，insect bodies to living plants.That makes shrilk low cost，and its mass production possible should it be used for products demanding a lot of material.Work on shrilk is continuing in the lab.The inventors said the material becomes flexible when wet，so theyre exploring w
28、ays to use it in wet environments.Theyre also developing simpler production processes，which could be used for nonmedical products，like for computer cases and other products inside the home.Theyre even exploring combining it with other materials，like carbon fibers，to give it new properties.66Paragrap
29、h 1 of the passage is mainly about shrilks _.Aremarkable design Binteresting nameCmajor features Dbasic elements剖析：C主旨大意题。第一段中主要介绍哈佛大学发明的这种新型材料其灵感来自于动物的外壳，其用途广泛，低耗环保，是塑料的替代品。它由虾壳及丝蛋白制成，因此被命名为“shrilk”，其特点是轻薄、透明、柔韧、结实。不难看出这里介绍的是这种新材料的主要特性，其他选项过于片面。故C项正确。70Which of the following can be the best title f
30、or the passage?ARecent Progress in Environmental ProtectionBBenefits of Insects in Scientific ResearchCThe Harm of Onetime ProductsDA Possible Alternative to Plastic剖析：D主旨大意题。本文为科技说明文，开篇点题，介绍了这种可替代塑料的新型材料的性能等问题，所以D项适合。这类题目要求在理解全文的情况下归纳文章要点，对全文的中心思想进行概括、总结和评价。考生需要分析文章的篇章结构，认真阅读文章的第一段或每段的第一个句子或最后一句，抓住
31、文章开头的主题句或文章最后的结论，弄清作者的写作意图，综合归纳各段要点以把握文章的主题或大意，从而找出能概括文章主旨或中心思想的标题。阅读理解技法指导4词义猜测题词义猜测题常见的命题方式有以下几种：(1)The word “.” in the passage means _.(2)The word “.” could be best replaced by _.(3)Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to _.(4)The word “.” probably refers to _.(5)According to the passage，the word “.” is known as _.如：(2012课标全国高考，A篇)Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to？Try some of these places：Visit art museums.They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids interest.Many offer workshops for
