1、毕业设计外文翻译格式规范外文翻译院 系北方软件学院专 业计算机科学与技术班 级2401101学 号20023011010姓 名李杰指导教师负责教师沈阳航空航天大学2014年6月Microsoft Visual Studio1 Microsoft Visual StudioVisual Studio includes acode editorsupportingIntelliSenseas well ascode refactoring. The integrateddebuggerworks both as a source-level debugger and a machine-level
2、 debugger. Other built-in tools include a forms designer for buildingGUIapplications, web designer,class designer, anddatabase schemadesigner. It accepts plug-ins that enhance the functionality at almost every levelincluding adding support for source-controlsystems (likeSubversionandVisual SourceSaf
3、e) and adding new toolsets like editors and visual designers fordomain-specific languagesor toolsets for other aspects of thesoftware development lifecycle(like theTeam Foundation Serverclient: Team Explorer).Visual Studio supports differentprogramming languagesby means of language services, which a
4、llow the code editor and debugger to support (to varying degrees) nearly anyprogramming language, provided a language-specific service exists. Built-in languages includeC/C+(viaVisual C+),VB.NET(viaVisual Basic .NET),C#(viaVisual C#), andF#(as of Visual Studio 2010). Support for other languages such
5、 asM,Python, andRubyamong others is available via language services installed separately. It also supportsXML/XSLT,HTML/XHTML,Java ScriptandCSS. Individual language-specific versions of Visual Studio also exist which provide more limited language services to the user: Microsoft Visual Basic, Visual
6、J#, Visual C#, and Visual C+.Microsoft provides Express editions of its Visual Studio 2010 components Visual Basic, Visual C#, Visual C+, and Visual Web Developer at no cost. Visual Studio 2010, 2008 and 2005 Professional Editions, along with language-specific versions (Visual Basic, C+, C#, J#) of
7、Visual Studio 2005 are available for free to students as downloads via MicrosoftsDream Sparkprogram.2 ArchitectureVisual Studio does not support any programming language, solution or tool intrinsically. Instead, it allows plugging in various types of functionality. Specific functionality is coded as
8、 a VSPackage. When installed, the functionality is available as aService. The IDE provides three services: SVsSolution, which provides the ability to enumerate projects and solutions; SVsUIShell, which provides windowing and UI functionality (including tabs, toolbars and tool windows); and SVsShell,
9、 which deals with registration of VSPackages. In addition, the IDE is also responsible for coordinating and enabling communication between services.All editors, designers, project types and other tools are implemented as VSPackages. Visual Studio usesCOMto access the VSPackages. The Visual StudioSDK
10、also includes theManaged Package Framework(MPF), which is a set ofmanagedwrappers around the COM-interfaces that allow the Packages to be written in anyCLI compliant language.However, MPF does not provide all the functionality exposed by the Visual Studio COM interfaces.The services can then be cons
11、umed for creation of other packages, which add functionality to the Visual Studio IDE.Support for programming languages is added by using a specific VSPackage called aLanguage Service. A language service defines various interfaces which the VSPackage implementation can implement to add support for v
12、arious functionalities.Functionalities that can be added this way include syntax coloring, statement completion, brace matching, parameter information tooltips, member lists and error markers for background compilation.If the interface is implemented, the functionality will be available for the lang
13、uage. Language services are to be implemented on a per-language basis. The implementations can reuse code from the parser or the compiler for the language. Language services can be implemented either innative codeormanaged code. For native code, either the native COM interfaces or the Babel Framewor
14、k (part of Visual Studio SDK) can be used.For managed code, the MPF includes wrappers for writing managed language services. Visual Studio does not include anysource controlsupport built in but it defines two alternative ways for source control systems can integrate with the IDE.A Source Control VSP
15、ackage can provide its own customised user interface. In contrast, a source control plugin using theMSSCCI(Microsoft Source Code Control Interface) provides a set of functions that are used to implement various source control functionality, with a standard Visual Studio user interface.MSSCCI was fir
16、st used to integrateVisual SourceSafewith Visual Studio 6.0 but was later opened up via the Visual Studio SDK. Visual Studio .NET 2002 used MSSCCI 1.1, and Visual Studio .NET 2003 used MSSCCI 1.2. Visual Studio 2005, 2008 and 2010 use MSSCCI Version 1.3, which adds support for rename and delete prop
17、agation as well as asynchronous opening. Visual Studio supports running multiple instances of the environment. The instances use different registryhives(seeMSDNsdefinitionof the term registryhive in the sense used here) to store their configuration state and are differentiated by their AppId (Applic
18、ation ID). The instances are launched by an AppId-specific .exe that selects the AppId, sets the root hive and launches the IDE. VSPackages registered for one AppId are integrated with other VSPackages for that AppId. The various product editions of Visual Studio are created using the different AppI
19、ds. TheVisual Studio Expressedition products are installed with their own AppIds, but the Standard, Professional andTeam Suiteproducts share the same AppId. Consequently, one can install the Express editions side-by-side with other editions, unlike the other editions which update the same installati
20、on. The professional edition includes a superset of the VSPackages in the standard edition and the team suite includes a superset of the VSPackages in both other editions. The AppId system is leveraged by theVisual Studio Shellin Visual Studio 2008.3 Features3.1 Code editorVisual Studio, like any ot
21、herIDE, includes acode editorthat supportssyntax highlightingandcode completionusingIntelliSensefor not onlyvariables, functions and methodsbut also language constructs likeloopsandqueries.IntelliSense is supported for the included languages, as well as forXMLand forCascading Style SheetsandJavaScri
22、ptwhen developing web sites andweb applications.Autocomplete suggestions are popped up in a modeless list box, overlaid on top of the code editor. In Visual Studio 2008 onwards, it can be made temporarily semi-transparent to see the code obstructed by it. The code editor is used for all supported la
23、nguages.The Visual Studio code editor also supports setting bookmarks in code for quick navigation. Other navigational aids include collapsing code blocks an dincremental search, in addition to normal text search andregexsearch.The code editor also includes a multi-itemclipboardand a task list. The
24、code editor supports code snippets, which are saved templates for repetitive code and can be inserted into code and customized for the project being worked on. A management tool for code snippets is built in as well. These tools are surfaced as floating windows which can be set to automatically hide
25、 when unused or docked to the side of the screen. The Visual Studio code editor also supportscode refactoringincluding parameter reordering, variable and method renaming ,interfaceextraction and encapsulation of class members inside properties, among others.Visual Studio features background compilat
26、ion (also called incremental compilation).As code is being written, Visual Studio compiles it in the background in order to provide feedback about syntax and compilation errors, which are flagged with a red wavy underline. Warnings are marked with a green underline. Background compilation does not g
27、enerate executable code, since it requires a different compiler than the one used to generate executable code.Background compilation was initially introduced withMicrosoft Visual Basicbut has now been expanded for all included languages.3.2 DebuggerVisual Studio includes adebuggerthat works both as
28、a source-level debugger and as a machine-level debugger. It works with bothmanaged codeas well asnative codeand can be used for debugging applications written in any language supported by Visual Studio. In addition, it can also attach to running processes and monitor and debug those processes.If sou
29、rce code for the running process is available, it displays the code as it is being run. If source code is not available, it can show thedisassembly. The Visual Studio debugger can also creatememory dumpsas well as load them later for debugging.Multi-threaded programs are also supported. The debugger
30、 can be configured to be launched when an application running outside the Visual Studio environment crashes.The debugger allows setting breakpoints (which allow execution to be stopped temporarily at a certain position) and watches (which monitor the values of variables as the execution progresses).
31、 Breakpoints can be conditional, meaning they get triggered when the condition is met. Code can be stepped over, i.e., run one line (of source code) at a time. It can eitherstep intofunctions to debug inside it, orstep overit, i.e., the execution of the function body isnt available for manual inspec
32、tion. The debugger supportsEdit and Continue, i.e., it allows code to be edited as it is being debugged.When debugging, if the mouse pointer hovers over any variable, its current value is displayed in a tooltip (data tooltips), where it can also be modified if desired. During coding, the Visual Studio debugger lets certain functions be invoked manually from theImmediatetool window. The parameters to the method are supplied at the Immediate
