1、英语51阅读理解技巧主旨题main idea第五十一讲 阅读理解主旨题（main idea)作答技巧一 学习目标1. 了解什么是英语阅读理解主旨题。 2. 了解主旨题又可以分为哪几类。3. 掌握每种类型的主旨题怎么作答。4. 掌握用最新试题验证作答方法。二 考点解析1. 主旨题通用做法仔细阅读黄金四句话首尾段首尾句仔细阅读黑体字.小标题等寻找全文出现频率最高的key words找到说明对象或论点 主旨题实战2016高考 ADear Alfred，I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.Growing up, I had
2、people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150 at 17, Im anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADIID(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.However, when something did interest me, I could bee absorbed. In high
3、 school, I became curious about the puter, and built my first website. Moreover, I pleted the senior course of puter Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses.While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldnt . So, I was killing m
4、y time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online puter courses of your training center. Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, Im learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your vi
5、deo. This has given me a purpose.Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the jobData Analystthis month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach
6、myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my petitors. Thank you. Youve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because Im doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel
7、whole.This is why youre saving my life.Yours,Tanis56. Why didnt Tanis go to college after high school?A.She had learned enough about puter science细节题B. She had more difficulty keeping focusedC.She preferred taking online coursesD.She was too slow to learn57. AS for the working environment, Tanis pre
8、fers_.A .working by herselfB.dealing with the publicC.peting against othersD.staying with ADHD students58.Tanis wrote this letter in order to_.A.explain why she was interested in the puterB.share the ideas she had for her profession C .show how grateful she was to the centerD.describe the courses sh
9、e had taken so far 主旨题实战2016高考 BSurviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪) Natalie Doan，14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “Its the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says.On Octob
10、er 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalies family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the citys bridge closed.When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruin
11、s. Many of Natalies friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalies school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn. In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover insp
12、ired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.“My mom tells me that I cant cont
13、rol what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it.”Natalies choice was to help.She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to halp. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his
14、house burned down. Within days, Patricks collection was replaced.In the ing months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts mad
15、e her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.Today, the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I cant imagine living anywhere bu
16、t Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.”59.When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane ,she found_.A.some friends had lost their livesB.her neighborhood was destroyedC.her school had moved to BrooklynD.the elderly were free from suffering60.
17、According to paragraph4,who inspired Natalie most?A.The people helping Rockaway rebuildB.The people trapped in high_rise buildingC.The volunteers donating money to survivorsD.Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people61.How did Natalie help the survivors?A.She gave her toys to the kidsB.She
18、 took care of younger childrenC.She called on the White House to helpD.She built an information sharing platform62.What does the story intend to tell us?A.Little people can make a big differenceB.A friend in need is a friend indeedC.East or West,home is bestD.Technology is power 主旨题实战2016高考 CCalifor
19、nia Condors Shocking RecoveryCalifornia condors are North Americas largest birds, with wind-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines an d lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In th
20、e late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just dont see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout o
21、f San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once.So scientists have e up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undea
22、dly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects
23、 their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾) failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to p
24、ay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011. Rideouts team thinks that the California condors average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They
25、are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ”63.California condors attract researchers interest because they .A.are active at nightB.had to be bred in the wildC.are found on in CaliforniaD.almost died out in the 1980s64. Researchers have found electrical lines are .
26、A.blocking condors journey home B. big killers of Califorbnia condorasC. rest places for condors at nightD. used to keep condors away65.According to Paraghaph 5 ,lead poisoning .A.makes condors too nervous to fly B. has little effect on condors kidneysC. can hardly be gotten rid of form condors bloo
27、dD. makes it different for condors to produce baby birds66.The passage shows that .A.the average survival time of condors is satisfactoryB.Rideouts research interest lies in electric engineeringC.the efforts to protect condors have brought good resultsD.researchers have found the final answers to th
28、e problem2. 从黄金四句话中读什么？读首尾段相同的名词.动词等 thank,birds, recover 读首尾段的逻辑因果，现象-解决办法，研究-结论，事件-感悟读作者的态度.观点转折词往往体现真实意图 however, but, though, in fact, actually, in other words, on the contrary等 三 练习题A篇（2015新课标） More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university. It used to be t
29、he “year off” between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year. This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have p
30、ut off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service (UCAS). That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone
31、 in higher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and plete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said. But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students
32、 (NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show tha
