1、高考英语二轮专题复习训练专题1 阅读理解 考点3 素能强化第一编专题一考点3真题题组A(2017全国，D)The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are. Research sho
2、ws that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and wellbeing among older people，leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive. Led by Professor Phil Blythe，the Newcastle team are developing invehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them t
3、o continue driving into later life. These include custommade navigation(导航) tools，night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains： “For many older people，particularly those living alone or in the country，driving is important for preserving their independence，giving them
4、the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others. ”“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that peopl
5、e stop driving before they really need to. ”Dr Amy Guo，the leading researcher on the older driver study，explains： “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems. ”For example，most of us wo
6、uld expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly，we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. Were looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as
7、 a way of preventing that. “We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel. ”文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了智能交通团队建立移动实验室，研究老年人开车存在的问题和难点，帮助老年人安全驾驶。What is the purpose of the DriveLAB？ _C_ATo explore new means of transport. BTo design
8、new types of cars. CTo find out older drivers problems. DTo teach people traffic rules. 详细分析：考查推理判断。根据第一段最后一句中的“in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are”可知，建立实验室的目的是要找出老年人开车有困难的地方，故选C。 Why is driving important for older people accor
9、ding to Phil Blythe？ _A_AIt keeps them independent. BIt helps them save time. CIt builds up their strength. DIt cures their mental illnesses. 详细分析：考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“For many older people，particularly those living alone or in the country，driving is important for preserving their independence，giving them
10、 the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others”可知，对于老年人来说，开车对保持他们生活的独立性至关重要，故选A。What do researchers hope to do for older drivers？ _B_AImprove their driving skills. BDevelop driverassist technologies. CProvide tips on repairing their cars. DOrganize regular physical checkups. 详细分析
11、：考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“the Newcastle team are developing invehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life”可知，研究者正在研发车载式的技术以帮助老年人晚年依然能开车，故选B。What is the best title for the text？ _D_AA new Model Electric Car BA Solution to Traffic ProblemsCDriving S
12、ervices for Elders DKeeping Older Drivers on the Road详细分析：考查标题归纳。本文的关键词是老年人驾车，重点讲述了为了让他们安全驾车所进行的研究。故选D。B(2017天津，A)Suppose youre in a rush，feeling tired，not paying attention to your screen，and you send an email that could get you in trouble. Realisation will probably set in seconds after youve clicke
13、d “send”. You freeze in horror and burn with shame. What to do？ Here are four common email accidents，and how to recover. Clicking “send” too soonDont waste your time trying to find out if the receiver has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief title explainin
14、g that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored. Writing the wrong nameThe sooner you notice，the better. Respond quickly and briefly，apologising for your mistake. Keep the tone measured： dont handle it too lightly，as people can be offended，especially if your error sugge
15、sts a misunderstanding of their culture (i. e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names). Clicking “reply all” unintentionallyYou accidentally reveal(透露)to the entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner，or what holiday youd like to take. In this instance，the best solu
16、tion is to send a quick，lighthearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to something worse，when everyone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance，step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down. Sending an offens
17、ive message to its subjectThe most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. You write an unkind message about someone，intending to send it to a friend，but accidentally send it to the person youre discussing. In that case，ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain y
18、our frustrations calmly and sensiblysee it as an opportunity to clear up any difficulties you may have with this person. 文章大意：这是一篇应用文。匆忙之中或心不在焉时发送电子邮件出现错误怎么办？比如，邮件还没写好就发送了，把收件人的名字拼写错了，个人邮件被你误发给了所有人，或者把埋怨的邮件误发给了被你吐槽的那个人。本文告诉我们出现这些情况时我们该如何补救。After realising an email accident，you are likely to feel _C_
19、. Acurious Btired Cawful Dfunny 详细分析：考查细节理解。根据题干中的“realising an email accident”可把答案定位在第二段。该段说，在你点击“发送”数秒钟之后你就会意识到自己的错误，结合下文的“freeze in horror and burn with shame”可知，人们意识到“邮件事故”后，可能会感觉糟糕，因此选C。If you have written the wrong name in an email，it is best to _A_. Aapologise in a serious manner Btell the re
20、ceiver to ignore the errorClearn to write the name correctly Dsend a short notice to everyone详细分析：考查细节理解。根据题干中的“written the wrong name”可把答案定位在第五段，该部分提出建议说，此时赶紧给对方发一个简短的回复，为自己的错误道歉(apologising for your mistake)，而且要注意道歉的语调(dont handle it too lightly)，这与A项的陈述是一致的。What should you do when an unpleasant c
21、onversation is started by your “reply all” email？ _B_ATry offering other choices. BAvoid further involvement. CMeet other staff members. DMake a lighthearted apology. 详细分析：考查细节理解。根据题干的内容可把答案定位至第六段，这部分提到，如果你不小心点了“回复所有人”，可能有人会就此开始回复不太友好的话，此时你最好离开电脑键盘(step away from your keyboard)，以便让大家都冷静下来。这与B项的陈述相吻合
22、，表示“避免继续卷入(这样的对话)”。How should you deal with the problem caused by an offensive email？ _D_ABy promising not to offend the receiver again. BBy seeking support from the receivers friends. CBy asking the receiver to control his anger. DBy talking to the receiver face to face. 详细分析：考查细节理解。根据题干中的“offensiv
23、e email”可把答案定位在最后一段。这部分提到，在出现冒犯对方的情况时，要尽快亲自向对方道歉。故选D。What is the passage mainly about？ _C_ADefining email errors. BReducing email mistakes. CHandling email accidents. DImproving email writing. 详细分析：考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是第三段的内容可知，本文主要介绍的是发送电子邮件出现问题时人们该如何面对和补救，因此C项最能概括本文的主题。C(2017浙江，A)Benjamin West，the fathe
24、r of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days，a brush was made from camels hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some
25、fur from the family cat to make a brush. The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing. The_cats_lot_was_about_to_improve. That year，one of Benja
26、mins cousins，Mr. Pennington，came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamins drawings. When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings(版画)by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. In 1747，when Be
27、njamin was nine years old，Mr. Pennington returned for another visit . He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit. In the city，Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy be
28、gan a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams，a wellknown painter，came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little，having been a poor student. But he later said，“Those
29、 two books were my companions by day，and under my pillow at night. ” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国著名艺术家本杰明韦斯特是如何开始他的艺术生涯的。What is the
30、 text mainly about？ _C_ABenjamins visit to Philadelphia. BWilliams influence on Benjamin. CThe beginning of Benjamins life as an artist. DThe friendship between Benjamin and Pennington. 详细分析：主旨大意题。文章从本杰明在六岁时自制画笔作画写起，到后来利用专业工具作画，再到知名画家送给本杰明书籍，都是在讲述本杰明是如何一步步走上艺术之路的。故选C。What does the underlined sentenc
31、e in paragraph 3 suggest？ _D_AThe cat would be closely watched. BThe cat would get some medical care. CBenjamin would leave his home shortly. DBenjamin would have real brushes soon. 详细分析：推理判断题。由前文可知，本杰明在没有专业画笔之前是用猫的毛制作画笔的。画线句的字面意思是“猫的命运将会得到改善”。由该段后文可知，本杰明的表兄送给了他专业的颜料和画笔。由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。What did Pen
32、nington do to help Benjamin develop his talent？ _B_AHe took him to see painting exhibitions. BHe provided him with painting materials. CHe sent him to a school in Philadelphia. DHe taught him how to make engravings. 详细分析：细节理解题。短文第四段提到“He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. ”，接着下一段又谈到“. . . Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating
