1、中英文名词对照A安乐死 euthanasia安全带损伤 seat belt injury凹陷性骨折depressed fractureB白骨化skeletonized remains半接触枪创 near contact gun-shot wound 膀胱损伤injuries of the urinary bladder 保存型尸体preserved corpse保险杠损伤bumper injury暴力性死亡violent death爆炸explosion爆炸伤explosion injury被虐待儿童综合征battered child syndrome病毒性心肌炎viral myocardit
2、is病理性死亡pathological death 病理性窒息pathological asphyxia病态窦房结综合症sick sinus syndrome不可逆转的昏迷irreversible comaC擦过枪弹创 grazing bullet wound擦痕grazes, brush abrasion擦伤abrasion擦拭轮abrasion collar产瘤caput succedaneum超生反应 supravital reaction超生期supravital period成人呼吸窘迫综合征adult respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS迟发性溺死
3、delayed drowning冲击波blast wave冲击性脑挫伤coup contusion船舶事故损伤shipwreck injury创wound创伤性窒息traumatic asphyxia创伤愈合wound healing锤击伤injury by hammer刺创stab wound刺切创stab incised wound挫裂创laceration挫伤contusion bruise挫伤轮contusion collarD道路交通事故损伤road traffic accident injury，RTAI低角度射击 shallow angle fire低血糖症hypoglycemi
4、a抵抗伤defense wound电击死 electric death电流斑，电流印记 electric mark电流性昏睡 electric lethargy电流性水肿 electric edema电烧伤electric burns电损伤或电击伤electric injury, electric burns电性窒息electrical asphyxia冻伤frostbite冻死 death from cold窦房结动脉狭窄stenosis of sinoaurieular artery对冲性骨折contrecoup fracture对冲性脑挫伤contrecoup contusion钝力性心
5、损伤blunt injuries of the heart钝器伤blunt force injury, blunt instrument injuryE鹅皮样皮肤gooseflesh，cutis anserina扼死manual strangulation二次射入创 reentry woundF法医病理学forensic pathology法医昆虫学forensic entomology反常脱衣现象paradoxical undressing反跳枪弹创 ricochet bullet wound方向盘挤压损伤 steering wheel injury放射状骨折 radial fracture
6、非典型射入口 atypical entrance bullet wound非法行医illegal medical practice非法行医罪guilt of illegal medical practice非医源性医疗纠纷noniatrogenic medical tangle非自然死亡unnatural death 肺挫伤 contusion of the lungs肺动脉狭窄pulmonary arterial embolism肺浮扬试验hydrostatic test of lung肺裂创laceration of the lungs 肺气肿pulmonary emphysema肺死亡p
7、ulmonary death肺损伤injuries of the lungs肺性脑病pulmonary encephalopathy肺炎pneumonia分子死亡molecular death粉碎性骨折comminuted fracture浮尸floating cadaver浮游生物plankton斧背伤injury by back of axe辅助死因contributory cause of death 腐败decomposition, putrefaction腐败静脉网putrefactive networks腐败气泡putrefactive blister腹部损伤abdominal i
8、njuries G干性溺死dry drowning肝损伤 injuries of the liver高坠伤injury by fall from height睾丸鞘膜积血hematocele睾丸鞘膜外伤性积水traumatic hydrocele个人识别personal identification of the deceased根本死因primary cause of death哽死death from choking宫外孕extrauterine pregnancy沟状枪创gutter wound古尸the ancient corpse骨发育不良osteogenesis imperfect
9、a骨折fracture骨折性脑挫伤fracture contusion骨珍珠 osseous pearls冠状动脉口狭窄stenosis of opening of coronary artery冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病arterioscterotic coronary heart disease贯通枪弹创 perforating bullet wound硅藻diatom棍棒伤injury by club过敏性猝死sudden death from hypersensitivityH航空事故损伤 aviation accident injury合法他杀死 death from justifia
10、ble homicide呼吸机脑respiratory brain 呼吸性死亡respiratory death 滑动性脑挫伤gliding contusion化骨核ossification center坏死necrosis 环状隆起骨折 concentric heaving fracture挥鞭样损伤whiplash injuries回旋枪弹创 circumferential bullet wound毁坏型尸体destructive corpse毁坏型死后变化destructive postmortem changes活套loop with a slip knot火器firearms火器损伤
11、firearm injury火药斑纹powder tattooingJ机械性损伤mechanical injury机械性窒息mechanical asphyxia肌肉松弛 muscular flaccidity即时死 instantaneous death急性出血坏死性胰腺炎acute hemorrhagic necrotic pancreatitis，AHNP急性喉阻塞acute laryngemphraxis急性死亡 sudden death急性胃扩张acute dilatation of stomach急性心肌缺血acute cardiac ischemia挤压伤 crush injur
12、y挤压综合征crush syndrome脊髓出血压迫hemorrhage and compression of the spinal cord 脊髓挫伤contusion of the spinal cord脊髓断裂rupture of spinal cord脊髓水肿edema of spinal cord脊髓损伤injuries of the spinal cord脊髓震荡concussion of spinal cord脊柱损伤injuries of the vertebral column继发性脑死亡secondary brain death 假死apparent death 剪创cli
13、p wound交通事故损伤traffic accident injury交通事故重建traffic accident reconstruction交通损伤 injury in transportation交通意外损伤unforeseen injury in transportation角膜混浊postmortem turbidity of cornea接触枪创contact gun-shot wound浸软maceration局部干燥local desiccation巨人观bloated cadaver绝对致命伤absolutely fatal traumaK砍创chop wound空气中缺氧
14、性窒息 asphyxia due to ambient hypoxia孔状骨折hole fracture, perforated fractureL勒死ligature strangulation雷电击纹lightning mark雷击死 death from lightning雷击综合征 lightning syndrome肋骨骨折rib fracture联合死因combined cause of death临床死亡clinical death颅底骨折basilar skull fracture颅盖骨折fractures of the calvarium颅骨擦痕scratch on the
15、skull颅骨骨折fractures of the skull颅骨砍削创peeling of the skull颅骨压痕imprint on the skull颅脑损伤head injuries轮胎花纹印痕wheel grain print轮胎印迹tire marks螺旋桨损伤 propeller injuryM慢性死亡 chronic death盲管枪弹创 penetrating, blind track bullet wound霉尸molded cadaver弥漫性轴索损伤diffuse axonal injury, DAI泌尿生殖器官损伤injuries of the genitouri
16、nary organ摩托车事故损伤motorcycle accident injury谋杀死 death from murder木乃伊mummyN内脏挫伤visceral contusion内脏器官破裂rupture of visceral organ内脏震荡visceral concussion挠痕scratch marks脑挫伤brain contusion脑死亡brain death脑损伤brain injury脑震荡brain concussion泥炭鞣尸cadaver tanned in peat bog溺死drowning碾压伤 run-over injury虐待儿童child a
17、buse; child maltreatment虐待儿综合征child abuse syndromePPaltauf斑（溺死斑）Paltaufs spots泡沫器官foaming organ皮肤金属化 electric metallization of skin皮肤撕脱伤或剥皮创avulsion injury of skin皮革样化 parchment-like transformation皮内出血intradermal bruise皮下出血subcutaneous hemorrhage脾损伤injuries of the spleenQ气胸pneumothorax气压病dysbarism气压
18、性损伤barotraumas前驱期prodromal stage枪弹创gunshot wound枪弹损伤gunshot injury枪口印痕muzzle imprint切创incised wound切线状射击 tangential fire青壮年猝死综合征sudden menhood death syndrome, SMDS屈折枪弹创 deflected bullet wound全脑死亡total brain death拳斗姿势 pugilistic attitude拳击伤punchingR热痉挛heat cramp热损伤thermal injury热射病heat stroke热衰竭heat
19、exhaustion妊娠高血压综合征pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, PIH妊娠类过敏综合征anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy日射病sun stroke锐器伤sharp instrument injuryS散弹枪shotgun杀婴infanticide疝性脑挫伤herniation contusion伤害死 death from malicious injury伤后存活时间survival period after wounding上行性脊髓缺血性损伤ascending ischemic injury of s
20、pinal cord烧伤burn射出口exit bullet wound射创管bullet wound track射击方向direction of fire射击距离range of fire射击命中角度projectile entry angle射入口entrance bullet wound伸展创extension wound肾损伤injuries of the kidneys生活反应vital reaction生理性死亡physiological death生命体征vital sign生前伤ante-mortem injuries生物力学biomechanics生物学死亡biologica
21、l death尸斑livor mortis尸臭odor of putrefaction尸碱ptomaine尸僵rigor mortis, cadaveric rigidity尸蜡adipocere尸冷algor mortis, cooling of the body尸绿greenish discoloration on cadaver尸体解剖autopsy尸体痉挛cadaveric spasm, instantaneous rigor尸体现象postmortem phenomena试切创hesitation marks, hesitation wounds嗜铬细胞瘤pheochromocyto
22、ma树枝状纹arborescent marking or dendritic pattern刷状擦伤 brush abrasion摔跌伤 tumbling injury栓塞embolism水性肺气肿aqueous emphysema睡眠中猝死nocturnal sudden unexpected death瞬时空腔效应temporary cavitation effect撕裂创tearing wound死后变化postmortem changes死后分娩postmortem delivery死后化学变化postmortem chemical changes死后间隔时间postmortem in
23、terval, PMI死后经历时间the time since death, TSD死后呕吐postmortem vomiting死后人为现象postmortem artifacts死后伤postmortem injuries死后循环cadaveric circulation死套loop with a fixed knot死亡方式manner or mode of death死亡方式不明manner of death unknown死亡机制 mechanism of death死亡确认determination of death死亡时间time of death死亡学 thanatology死
24、亡诱因inducing cause of death死因cause of death损伤injury损伤机制mechanism of injury损伤时间推断dating of wound锁孔状骨折keyhole fractureTTardieu斑Tardieus spots他杀 homicide他杀死 death from homicide, homicidal death胎便小体meconium corpuscle胎头血肿cephalohaematoma糖尿病diabetes mellitus烫伤scalding体表平行条状挫伤（中空性皮下出血、“竹打中空”、“铁轨样挫伤”）tramlin
25、e bruises体位性窒息positional asphyxia体温过低hypothermia条件致命伤 conditional fatal trauma铁轨样挫伤train-line bruise, railway line bruise铁路事故损伤railway accident injury捅创poking wound头皮擦伤abrasion of the scalp头皮挫伤bruising of the scalp头皮裂伤laceration of the scalp头皮损伤scalp injuries突发性生理性死亡又称抑制性instantaneous physiological
26、death inhibition death推断死亡时间estimation of time of death拖擦伤dragging injuryW外伤性窒息traumatic asphyxia晚期死后变化late postmortem changes未成熟儿premature胃肠浮扬试验hydrostatic test of stomach and bowel胃肠损伤injuries of the gastrointestinal tract污垢轮grease ring捂死smothering物理性爆炸 physical explosionX细胞性死亡cellular death先天性主动脉
27、狭窄congenital aortic stenosis现场勘查scene investigation线形骨折linear fracture小脑扁桃体疝cerebellar tonsillar hernia小脑幕裂孔疝transtentorial hernia心瓣膜病cardiovalvular disease心功能不全cardiac insufficiency心肌梗死cardiac infarction心损伤injuries of the heart心性死亡cardiac death心源性休克cardiogenic shock心脏骤停cardiac standstill性虐待sexual a
28、buse胸部损伤injuries of the chest血酒精浓度blood alcohol concentration，BAC血液坠积visceral hypostasis血肿hematoma蕈样泡沫mushroom-like frothY压擦痕friction bruise, pressure bruise压痕impression marks压迫胸腹部所致的窒息asphyxia due to overlay亚急性死亡 subacute death烟晕smudging羊水栓塞amniotic fluid embolism咬伤bite mark医疗过失纠纷tangle from medical fault医疗纠纷medical tangle
