1、九年级英语第二十四单元九年级英语第二十四单元 科目 英语 年级 初三 文件 middle3 unit24。doc 标题 Mainly Revision 章节 第二十四单元 关键词 内容 一、教法建议【抛砖引玉】 单元双基学习目标 。 词汇学习 rock , hardly , low , rise , famous , photograph , at the foot of , at all , fly over , a line of mountains , ask for 。 句型学习 I like writing to my penfriend , but it takes a lot o
2、f time 。 Though much of its land is sand , it grows a lot of fruit 。 Hardly any 。 None at all 。 。 交际英语 谈论某一国家的地理位置及气候、特征。【指点迷津】 单元重点词汇点拨 1 。 take 耗费 ( 时间 ) ;需要 ( 多少时间 ) It may take me several weeks to get back 。 It will take them three hours to do this work 。 This work will take them three hours 。 点
3、拨take 的过去式took,过去分词 taken。It takes sb 。 some time to do sth 。 某人花费多少时间做某事。 2 。 rock 岩石;大石头 They found a good place in the rocks 。 点拨rock 主要指巨石、暗礁,stone 主要指小石块。 3 。 hardly 几乎不;简直不 Im so tired that I can hardly walk 。 That is hardly possible 。 There is hardly a cloud in the sky 。 点拨hardly 作“简直不”讲时,多和
4、can 连用,hardly 后面可以接用 when 引导的从句,意思是“一就”。如:He had hardly walked into the classroom when it began to rain cats and dogs 。 他刚一进教室,天就下起了大雨。 4 。 sky 天空 There were no clouds in the sky 。 点拨sky 通常用作单数,与定冠词连用。如有形容词修饰时,可与不定冠词连用。 a blue sky 蔚蓝的天空。in the sky在天空。 5 。 rise 上升,上涨 The sun rises in the east 。 After
5、 the heavy rain the river will rise 。 Prices continue to rise 。 点拨rise 的过去式是rose,过去分词为 risen。rise 是不及物动词,表示的是自然界中,日、月、水位、物价等的自然上升。 6 。 grass 草,草地 Sheep live on grass 。 Keep off the grass ! 请勿践踏草地 ! 点拨grass常作不可数名词用。a leaf of grass 一片草叶。 7 。 famous 著名的 The town is famous for its hot springs 。 He is a
6、famous man 。 点拨be famous for 以而著名。be famous as 作为而出名。 My uncle is famous for his songs 。 Her sister is famous as a singer 。 单元词组思维运用 1 。 neither of 两者皆不 Neither of my parents enjoys good health 。 我父母的身体都不健康。 说明neither of 只表示“两个人或物都不”,不能用来表示两个以上的人或物。谓语动词用单数。若表示两个以上的人或物,就得用 none , not one , not any 。
7、both of 则表示“两者都”,either of 则表示“两者中任一”,如: Both of them have come 。 他们俩都来了。 Neither of them has come 。 他们俩都没来。 Either of them has come 。 他们俩全都来了。 说明both of 着重指整体“两者都”,either 虽然也有“两者都”之意,但强调“两者中的任何一个”。故:both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数。either of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。作形容词时,both 修饰复数名词,either 修饰单数名词。neither 作形容词,也是修饰单数名词。如:
8、 You can sit on either of the end of the boat 。 Both answers are correct 。 两个答案都对。 Either answer is correct 。 两个 ( 中的任何一个 ) 答案都对。 Neither answer is correct 。 两个答案都不对。 2 。 at first 起初,开始时 At first the baby was happy 。 Half an hour later she began to cry 。 at last 最后,终于at the beginning of 起初 At last h
9、e had an idea 。 终于,他有了主意。 I found a job at the beginning of last month 。 上月初我找到一份工作。 3 。 climb up 攀登,爬上 There he gets out of the lift and climbs up to the fifteenth floor on foot 。 4 。 at the foot of 在的底部 ( 脚下 ) There is a small river at the foot of the hill 。 5 。 go down 下去, ( 日,月等 ) 落下 The sun has
10、 gone down 。 The wind has gone down a little 。 6 。 have a great time =enjoy oneself过得愉快极了 I had a great time during the holidays 。 Did you have a great time at her birthday party ? Yes , we had a great ( good , nice , wonderful ) time 。 7 。 at all 全然;究竟 用于否定句,意为“一点儿也不”,“完全不”。 I didnt understand anyt
11、hing at all 。 No problem at all 。 完全不成问题。 用于疑问句,意为“究竟”,“到底”,“真的”。 Do you know it at all ? 8 。 be interested in 对感兴趣 At the age of eight he became very interested in maths 。 9 。 have a big smile 满面笑容 You can see from my photograph that I have a big smile and long black hair 。 He had a big smile when
12、I met him next 。 10 。 ask for 要求,约请 Mary asked for time to think this over 。 11 。 be covered with 覆盖着 The table is covered with a cloth 。 The mountains were covered with snow 。二、学海导航【学法指要】 单元难点疑点思路明晰 1 。 由 though 引导的状语从句的句型 Though I like writing to my penfriend , it takes a lot of time 。 虽然我喜欢给笔友写信,
13、但花了很多时间。 由连词 though ( 虽然 ) 引导的状语从句,全句中有“但是”之意,然而 thought 与 but 不能前后连用,只能用其中一个。上句也可以说成: I like writing to my penfriend , but it takes a lot of time 。 though 引出的从句放在句首时,从句后面要有逗号。但也可将 though 引出的状语从句放在主句之后。 Though it was raining , he went there 。 He didnt do this work well though he did his best 。 虽然他尽了
14、最大努力,但还是没干好这工作。 though 常与 even 连用,表示强调。如: Even though I didnt understand a word , I kept smiling 。 2 。 由 after 引导的时间状语从句的句型 But after we left the mountains behind us , there was hardly a cloud in the sky 。 然而当我们把群山峻岭甩在后面后,天空几乎万里万云。 after we left the mountains behind us,是由连词 after 引导的时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句的
15、还可由 when , while , before , till , since 等词引起。 leave behind 是“把 ( 某物 ) 留在 ( 某物 ) 的后面”。 由 after 引导的时间状语从句举例如下: After we had finished lunch , we all sat on the grass 。 after 引导的从句,有时放在主句之后。如: I arrived at the station after the train had left 。 3 。 They say that =It is said that 据说 and they say that th
16、ere are ten sheep for every person 。 据说每人占有十头羊。 句中的 they 并没有具体的对象,泛指人们 ( people ) 。 They say that =People say that =It is said that 如: It is said that he will leave in a few days 。 据说他过几天就要动身。 4 。 How often do you write ? 你们隔多久通一次信 ? ( 1 ) How often 常用来询问动作的频率,回答可用:some timesvery oftennot too ofteno
17、ncetwicethree times a year有时经常一年一次 ( 二次三次 ) 等。例如: How often do you go to see your grandmother in the countryside ? 你多久去看一次住在农村的祖母 ? Twice a year 。 一年增两次。 ( 2 ) 注意下面以 how 提问的句子的准确含意。 How long have you waited here ? For about two hours 。 how long 表示动作或状态“延续的时间”。 How much time did you spend on this wor
18、k ? Just a week 。 how much time 表示一个“总的时间量”。 5 。 because neither of us has much time 。 因为我们俩没有太多的时间。 neither 意为:两者中任意一个“都不”。所以句中的相关动词或名词应该用单数形式。此句中用 has , 不能用 have。句中的 neither 是代词。例如: Neither answer is right 。 两个答案都不对。 ( 两者中,无论哪个答案都不对。 ) 句中的 neither 是形容词,名词 answer 及动词 be 都用单数形式。 Neither of them know
19、s her 。 他们俩都不认识她。 6 。 Both John and Ann have got penfriends 。 约翰和安 ( 两人 ) 都有笔友。 ( 1 ) bothand“对方都;又又”,构成关联连词。例如: She is both beautiful and kind 。 她又漂亮又亲切。 She can both sing and dance 。 她能歌善舞。 ( 2 ) both 在句中还常作形容词和代词。例如: Both brothers are in Japan 。 ( both 是形容词 ) Both of the brothers are in Japan 。 (
20、 both 是代词 ) I saw them both yesterday 。 They both went out 。 neithernor与 eitheror的用法: neithernor ( 连词 ) “既不又不”。例如: It is neither hot nor cold 。 Neither you nor he is right 。 =Neither he nor you are right 。 eitheror ( 连词 ) “或或”。例如: Either you or he is right 。 =Either he or you are right 。 7 。 but I c
21、ant spend much time on it 。 但我不能在它上面花很多的时间。 ( 1 ) spend time on something “在某事上花时间”。例如: I spent two hours on my homework 。 ( 2 ) spend money on something “花钱买东西”。例如: He spent about four hundred yuan on this bicycle 。 ( 3 ) spend time ( in ) doing something “花时间做某事”。例如: The young man spent three year
22、s ( in ) writing that book 。 8 。 Though I like writing to my penfriend , it takes a lot of time 。 虽然我喜欢给笔友写信,但花了很多时间。 ( 1 ) though 连词,“虽然”,引出一个状语从句。汉语中常说“虽然但是”,但在英语中用了 though , 就不用 but ; 同样用了 but 就不用 though。上面的句子也可说成:I like writing to my penfriend , but it takes a lot of time 。 ( 2 ) though 引出的从句放在句
23、首时,从句后要写逗号,也可将 though 引出的从句放在主句后。例如: Though it rained heavily , the football match still went on 。 He didnt do this work well though he did his best 。 9 。 Weve just returned from a short holiday at Ayers Rock 。 我们刚从艾尔斯山短期度假归来。 ( 1 ) return from a holiday “度假后回来” ( 2 ) Ayers Rock “艾尔斯山”,澳大利亚中部山脉。 10
24、。 so we flew most of the way 。 所以我们大部分旅途都乘飞机。 ( 1 ) so 在此意为“因此,所以”,在句中作连词,因此不能说成 becauseso , 两个词只能分别使用一个。 ( 2 ) flew 是 fly 的过去式。 11 。 From Sydney we flew over a line of mountains in the southeast 。 从悉尼起飞,我们越过澳大利亚东部的一系列山脉。 ( 1 ) fly over “飞越”。over 意为“在上面” ( 指空间 ) 。例如: There is a light over Li Ming 。
25、李明的上方有一盏灯。 ( 2 ) a line of mountains 意为“群山”。 12 。 But after we left the mountains behind us , there was hardly a cloud in the sky 。 然而当我们把群山峻岭甩在后面时,天空几乎万里万云。 ( 1 ) after we left the mountains behind us 在句中作状语,在语法上称作状语从句。 ( 2 ) hardly 副词,意为“简直不,几乎不”,与之连用的句子属否定范畴。例如: We got hardly any news 。 He could
26、hardly say any words when he heard the bad news 。 She can hardly speak French , can she ? 13 。 Ayers Rock is a large , low mountain 。 艾尔斯山是一座大而低矮的山。 low 形容词,“低的,矮的”。例如: The temperature is very low 。 温度很低。 You can hardly see any low houses in this new city 。 14 。 We started climbing up before it was
27、light 。 天亮之前,我们便开始登山。 ( 1 ) climbing up 在此指“登山”。 ( 2 ) it 指时间。 ( 3 ) before it was light 意为“天亮之前”。 15 。 Lower down , at the foot of the Ayers Rock , most of the ground is cove red with forest and grass 。 往低处走,在艾尔斯山脚下,大部分地面被森林和草地覆盖。 ( 1 ) Lower down 及 at the foot of the Ayers Rock , 在句中作地点状语。 ( 2 ) a
28、t the foot of“在的脚下”。例如: Look , the cat is lying at the foot of the wall 。 ( 3 ) be covered with “被覆盖”。例如: The road is covered with thick snow 。 ( 4 ) grass 是不可数名词。 16 。 All around it is sand 。 它 ( 艾尔斯山 ) 的周围都是沙漠。 这是个倒装句,正确的语序为:Sand is all around it 。 17 。 and they say that there are ten sheep for ev
29、ery person 。 据说每人占有10头羊。 句中的 they 并没有具体的对象,泛指人们 ( people ) 。 They say that =It is said that“据说”。 18 。 I must stop writing now , as I have rather a lot of work to do 。 现在我必须停笔了,因为我有相当多的事要做。 在此 as 为连词,“因为”,语气比 because 或 for 轻。例如: As I am ill , I wont go 。 Everybody likes him as he is kind 。 19 。 P 。 O
30、 。 Box 7892 此为邮政信箱代号,P 。 O 为 Post Office 的缩写。 20 。 You can see from my photograph that I have a big smile and long black hair 。 从照片中,你可以看到我满脸笑容,长着长长的黑头发。 ( 1 ) photograph 为书面语言,photo 多用于口语。 ( 2 ) 句中 that 引导的宾语从句较长,所以将它放在状语 from my photograph 的后面。 21 。 as , because , for 的异同 这三个词都可以作连词,表示原因或理由,其区别如下:
31、 ( 1 ) because 表示直接而明确的原因,它在这三个词中语意最强。它所连接的从句多是放在主句之后进行解释。在回答以“why”提问的问题时,也只能用 because 。 如: He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill 。 I didnt go , because I was tired 。 ( 2 ) as 所表示的理由,或者是明显的被人所众知的理由,或者是推理的理由。语意不如 because 强。如: As it rained , I stayed at home 。 因为下雨,所以我待在家中。 ( 下雨是人所共知的,呆在
32、家中的理由不如生病呆在家中的理由充分,没有那样强的必要性 ) As it is going to rain , lets stop working 。 快下雨了,让我们歇手吧。 ( 表示推理的理由 ) ( 3 ) for 所论述的理由和原因多是解释性的补充说明,或是显而易见的。它的语意最弱,它少用于口语。for 所引导的分句总是放在句末,不可用于句首。如: I asked him to stay to tea , for I had something to tell him 。 The days were short , for it was now December 。 22 。 long 和 for a long time 的用法析难 long ( 作为表达时间的副词 ) 常用在否定句和疑问句中,在肯定句中一般不用 ( 除非同 so , too , asas , enough 连用 ) 它。而用 ( for ) a long time 。 如: Have you been working here long ? How long have you known him ? 在否定句中,long 和 long time