1、人教版中考英语专题训练 短语动词经典12020-2021年人教版中考英语专题训练 短语动词经典1一、短语动词1In fact, many countries have _ some effective (有效的)policies to control the population.A.carry outB.taken outC.carried outD.thought out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:实际上,许多国家已经采取了有效政策控制人口。carry out实施;施行。take out取出;think out想出。根据have可知用过去分词,故选C。【点评】考查动词短语。2The
2、 students ought to wear school uniforms when theyre at school. A.are supposed toB.are allowed toC.would like toD.love to【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:当学生们在学校的时候应该穿校服。ought to的意思是应该,后跟动词的原形。be supposed to 被认为应该做某事;be allowed to do sth.被允许去做某事;would like to 愿意去做某事;love to 喜欢去做某事。故选A。【点评】考查动词。3Its six oclockIts tim
3、e to get upPlease A.wake up himB.wake him upC.heat up himD.heat him up【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:6点了,该起床了,请把他叫醒。wake up叫醒;heat up加热。“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语是,注意代词放在动词后副词前,故选B。【点评】考查动词短语4_! Something is falling down from the tall building. Dear me! Its dangerous.A.Look outB.Help yourselfC.What a pityD.Shut up.【
4、答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:留神!有东西从高楼上掉下来了. 哦,亲爱的!这是危险的. look out当心,留神,向外看,help yourself自取,what a pity真可惜,shut up安静,闭嘴,根据后面一句话有东西从高楼上掉下来了. 可知这里应该提醒对方注意,故选:A.【点评】考查动词短语,理解句子的意思及每个选项的意思,结合语境选择合适的答案.5The street will be flooded when it rains heavily.A.filled with carsB.filled with peopleC.filled with water【答案】 C 【
5、解析】【分析】句意:当雨下得太大时,这条街会被淹没。flood译为“淹没”;A.装满了车; B.装满了人; C.装满了水。结合句意选C。【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。6 How long does it take you to prepare for the English exam? It takes me about one week and a half.A.take offB.decide onC.get ready for【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:你准备英语考试花了多长时间?花了一个半周。prepare for为做准备;take off脱下;起飞;decide on决定;g
6、et ready for为做准备。故选。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。7- Look! Smiths are playing basketball.- Lets them.A.The; join inB.The; joinC.A; join inD.A; join【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:看!史密斯一家正在打乒乓球。让我们和他们一起打篮球吧。 “the+姓氏名词的复数”表示“一家”或“夫妇”, Smiths史密斯姓氏复数,故前用the;而join sb.和某人在一起,join them和他们一起打球故选B。【点评】定冠词(the);动词词义辨析。8The boats take diffe
7、rent routes, but they all_ in the same place. A.give upB.clear upC.end upD.make up【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:这些船走不同的路线,但是他们的终点都在同一个地方。give up放弃;clear up清理干净;end up结束;make up 编造,弥补。根据句意可知,船走的路线不同,但是都在同一个地方结束,即都去同一个地方。故选C。【点评】考查动词短语。9He never _learning English .That was why he was successful at last.A.gave inB.
8、gave outC.gave upD.gave away【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:他从不放弃学英语,那就是他最后成功的原因。give in 屈服,让步;give out发出(光,热等);分发;give up放弃;give away泄露(秘密等),故选C。【点评】考查短语辨析。10 Excuse me, may I take a seat here? Of course.A.sitB.sleepC.smoke【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:打扰一下,我可以坐这儿吗?当然。take a seat坐下,sit坐;sleep睡眠;smoke抽烟。故选A。【点评】考查动词短语。11When
9、 you visit a museum, you should _ the instructions.A.compare withB.look forward toC.pay attention toD.try out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:当你参观博物馆的时候,你应该注意说明。compare with比较;look forward to盼望;pay attention to注意;try out试验。根据句意故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。12Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and which
10、university is the best for her to attend. A.put outB.stay outC.find outD.run out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化,查出哪所大学最适合她。A: put out 熄灭;B: stay out不回家; C: find out查出; D:run out用完。根据 which university is the best for her to attend,可知要查出哪所大学适合她,故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语的辨析。理解短语的意思,根据语境选择正确的动词短语。13The traveler
11、_ his map to make sure he was not lost. A.looked afterB.looked upC.looked forD.looked down【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:旅行者为了确保自己不会迷路去查阅地图。A.照顾;B.查阅;C.寻找;D.瞧不起,向下看。此处应是查阅地图,以防迷路,故选B。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意选项的词义和用法。14If he keeps on working so hard, hell under the pressure of work. A.break downB.break awayC.break outD.b
12、reak into【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:如果他继续这么努力工作,他会在工作的压力下垮掉的。break down出故障,抛锚;(健康)垮掉。break away脱离;break out爆发;break into闯入。根据句意,故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析,熟记短语,理解句子,根据句意判断。15 Do you think my classmates will laugh at me? Maybe. But I think you are right.A.go out withB.make friends withC.make jokes about【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】
13、句意:你觉得我的同学们在嘲笑我吗?也许是,但是我觉得你是对的。laugh at嘲笑;go out with和出去;与约会;make friends with与交朋友;make jokes about开的玩笑。故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。16 What bad weather! The ground is covered with much snow.And it may result in traffic jams.A.take inB.lead toC.pour out【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:天气真糟糕!地面被很多雪覆盖。这可能会导致交通拥挤。 result in=lead
14、 to意为“导致”,take in意为“吸收”,pour out意为“倒出来”,故选B。【点评】考查动词短语词义。17 I would rather _ hiking than _ swimming. A.to go , to goB.going, goingC.go ,goD.go, going【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考查的句型是would rather do sth. than do sth.,宁愿做也不愿做,两部分中都用动词的原形。故选C。【点评】考查动词。18If you want to know more about space, ple
15、ase _ the book A Brief History of Time. A.look throughB.look aroundC.look afterD.look down upon【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:如果你想多了解太空,请浏览时间简史这本书。look through浏览;look around环顾四周;look after照顾;look down upon瞧不起。根据句意,故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。熟记短语,理解句意,根据语境判断选项。19- Are you going to have a part time job during the summer va
16、cation?- Yes. I think I shouldnt always _ my parents since Ive grown up.A.fight againstB.argue withC.hear fromD.depend on【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:你暑假要做兼职吗?是的,我认为既然我已经长大了,我不应该总是依靠父母。depend on依靠;取决于;fight against与打架;argue with与某人争论;hear from收到来信。故选D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。20Scientists are trying to _ ways to treat the
17、 terrible disease called H7N9.A.come up withB.look forward toC.talk aboutD.give up【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:科学家正努力想出办法治疗叫H7N9的可怕疾病。come up with想出;提出;look forward to盼望;talk about谈论;give up放弃。根据句意可知选A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。21Look at the heavy rain! Nobody knows when the plane will _ and when it will land.A.get offB.ta
18、ke offC.turn offD.put off【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:看这么大的雨!没有人知道飞机将什么时候起飞,什么时候降落。A. get off下来,下车;B. take off起飞,脱掉;C. turn off关掉;D. put off推迟,拖延。根据句意可知选B。22We tried to find a table for seven,but they were all . A.taken upB.kept awayC.given awayD.used up【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:我们尽力找一张可以容纳七个人的桌子,但都被占了。A.take up占(时间、场
19、所等);B.keep away避开、不接近;C.give away泄露、出卖;D.use up用完、耗尽。根据句意可知是占.,故答案为A。【点评】考查短语动词。理解句意并牢记固定短语的意义。23Have you ever read the book The Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare?Yes, I dont like Sherlock. He is selfish. He usually only thinks of himself and doesnt other people.A.care aboutB.hear aboutC.worry about
20、D.know about【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:-你看过莎士比亚的威尼斯商人吗?-是的,我不喜欢夏洛克。他自私。他通常只想到自己,不关心别人。care about关心;hear about听说;worry about担心;know about了解。根据句意,故答案为A。【点评】考查短语辨析,熟记短语,理解句意,根据语境判断选项。24 There is an exam next week. What should I do? I think that if you _ your study schedule for a week, you will pass itA.agree wi
21、thB.stick withC.give up【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:下周有考试,我该怎么办?我认为只要你坚持你的学习日程表一周,你就能通过考试。A、agree with同意,B、stick with坚持,C、give up放弃,根据题意可知,学生比较害怕考试,因此需要有一个好的学习规划,故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意根据语境对选项逐一进行筛选,填入符合语境的单词。25Im afraid I cant go swimming with you, because I have to _ my little brother at home A.look forB.make fu
22、n ofC.care for【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:恐怕我不能和你一起去游泳,因为我不得不在家照顾我的小弟弟。A. 寻找,B. 嘲笑,C. 照顾,根据语境,不能一起去游泳,应是为了照顾弟弟,故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。首先读懂句意,然后选出合适的短语,确保句子通顺。26Which one do you like best at the fair? The monitoring instrument invented by a teenager.A.madeby handB.madefor the first timeC.madefor me【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:
23、在展览会上你最喜欢哪一个?被一个青少年发明的健康设备。invent:发明,也就是第一次被制作,make for the first time,故选B。【点评】考查近义词。根据划线词和语境找出意义相同的选项,选出正确答案。27Tom argued with Alice last night. But now they _ after a talk with each other. A.make upB.put upC.set upD.look up【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆昨天晚上和爱丽丝吵架了。但是现在他们谈过之后又和好了。A.make up 和好,弥补,化妆;B. put up
24、举起,张贴,搭建;C.set up建立;D.look up向上看,查阅。根据after a talk with each other可知交流后和好了,故选A。【点评】考查短语辨析,注意动词短语的积累及运用。28Many scientists have _ that we will face more serious environmental problems if we cant come up with solutions to deal with pollution. A.looked outB.called outC.pointed out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:许多科学家指出,如果我们不能想出解决污染的办法,我们将面临更严重的环境问题。A.looked out小心,当心;B.called out 唤起,出动;C.pointed out指出。根据句意可知,这件事是由科学家们指出来的,故答案为C。【点评】考查短语动词。理解句意并掌握短语的意义和用法。2