1、高中英语新教材情境化新题人与社会良好的人际关系与社会交往教师版2021-2022学年高中英语新教材情境化新题【命题情境】专题2 人与社会-良好的人际关系与社会交往满分：80 时间：90分钟 姓名_得分_阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）A（2021陕西榆林市教育科学研究所高三二模）A remarkable study from 1976 gives us some insight into how and why relationships with our neighbors can be so good for us. Surprisingly to scientists at that t
2、ime, results showed that contact with family members even ones own children had little impact on feelings of well-being or willpower. Meanwhile, friendships, especially those with neighbors, predicted lower levels of loneliness and worry, higher levels of feelings of usefulness and self-perceived re
3、spect within the community.The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbors are more effective at increasing well-being since they are based on nearness, common interests and lifestyle choices. The neighborhood relationships are also developed voluntarily. Family ties, on the other
4、 hand, are often characterized by a sense of responsibility, physical distance, and personal disharmony. Later studies confirm the importance of close friendships for people over 65, highlighting the particular importance of frequent contact.More recent studies show that neighborly support is associ
5、ated with better well-being for individuals in mid-to-late life. Data regarding neighborly relationships and general well-being from 1,071 adults aged 40-70 from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the US was collected in 1995, and again from the same individuals in 2005.The study found th
6、at those who had low contact with neighbors at the time of both samples, as well as those who experienced a reduction in contact with neighbors over the years, experienced downward trends in well-being, as indicated by feelings of sadness, nervousness, restlessness, hopelessness and worthlessness.It
7、 is crucial to note here the difference between friendship and neighboring or relationships with neighbors. While friendships are based on common affection, neighboring, at its core is an instrumental relationship that is catalyzed (催化) by nearness. But, it doesnt have to be this way. Where neighbor
8、s are also close friends, the potential benefits are clear. While both friendship and neighboring are beneficial to well-being, they are most effective when the types of support and assistance from both coincide(同时发生).1How does the author mainly develop paragraph 2?ABy analyzing data. BBy giving ins
9、tructions.CBy making comparisons. DBy following the order of time.2What determines neighborly relationships according to the text?ANearness. BResponsibility.CPhysical distance. DA common life goal.3What can we learn from the text?AThe conflicts between relatives and neighbors are easy to occur.BThe
10、neighborhood relationships are formed under compulsion.CA close neighbor is better than a brother far off.DContact with family members is indifferent.【答案】1C2A3C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了邻里关系比家庭成员对人们更有影响力，分析其背后的原因并介绍了一些研究发现。1推理判断题。根据第二段“The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbors are m
11、ore effective at increasing well-being since they are based on nearness, common interests and lifestyle choices. The neighborhood relationships are also developed voluntarily. Family ties, on the other hand, are often characterized by a sense of responsibility, physical distance, and personal dishar
12、mony. Later studies confirm the importance of close friendships for people over 65, highlighting the particular importance of frequent connection.(这项研究表明，与邻居的相识和友谊能更有效地增加幸福感，因为它们是建立在距离、共同的兴趣和生活方式选择的基础上的。邻里关系也是自愿发展的。另一方面，家庭关系往往具有责任感、距离和个人不和谐等特征。后来的研究证实了亲密友谊对65岁以上的人的重要性，强调了频繁联系的特别重要性)”可推知，作者主要通过比较邻里关系
13、和家庭关系来展开第二段。故选C项。2细节理解题。根据第二段中“The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbors are more effective at increasing well-being since they are based on nearness, common interests and lifestyle choices.(这项研究表明，与邻居的相识和友谊能更有效地增加幸福感，因为它们是建立在距离、共同的兴趣和生活方式选择的基础上的)”可知，是接近度决定了邻里关系。故选A项。3推理判断题。
14、根据第一段“A study from 1976 tells us how and why relationships with our neighbors can be so good for us. Surprisingly to scientists at that time, results showed that connection with family members-even ones own childrenhad little influence on feelings of well-being or willpower. Meanwhile, friendships,
15、especially those with neighbors, predicted lower levels of loneliness and worry, higher levels of feelings of usefulness and respect within the community.( 1976年的一项研究告诉我们，与邻居的关系如何以及为什么会对我们如此有益。令当时的科学家惊讶的是，研究结果显示，与家庭成员甚至是自己的孩子的联系对幸福感或意志力几乎没有影响。与此同时，友谊，尤其是与邻居的友谊，预示着较低程度的孤独和担忧，较高程度的有用感和社区内的尊重感)”以及通读全文可
16、知，文章介绍了邻里关系比家庭成员对人们更有影响力这一现象，并分析其背后的原因，同时介绍了一些研究发现，因此，通过这篇文章我们可以知道，近邻比远亲给我们带来的影响更大，更重要。故选C项。B（2021江苏徐州一中高三其他模拟）Most of us are already aware of the direct effect we have on our friends and family. But we rarely consider that everything we think, feel, do, or say can spread far beyond the people we kn
17、ow. Conversely(相反地), our friends and family serve as conduits(渠道) for us to be influenced by hundreds or even thousands of other people. In a kind of social chain reaction, we can be deeply affected by events we do not witness that happen to people we do not know. As part of a social network, we go
18、beyond ourselves, for good or ill, and become a part of something much larger.Our connectedness carries with it fundamental implications(影响) for the way we understand the human condition. Social networks have value precisely because they can help us to achieve what we could not achieve on our own. Y
19、et, socialnetwork effects are not always positive. Depression, obesity, financial panic, and violence also spread. Social networks, it turns out, tend to magnify(放大) whatever they are seeded with.Partly for this reason, social networks are creative. And what these networks create does not belong to
20、any one individualit is shared by all those in the network. In this way, a social network is like a commonly owned forest: We all stand to benefit from it, but we also must work together to ensure it remains healthy and productive. While social networks are fundamentally and distinctively human, and
21、 can be seen everywhere, they should not be taken for granted.If you are happier or richer or healthier than others, it may have a lot to do with where you happen to be in the network, even if you cannot recognise your own location. And it may have a lot to do with the overall structure of the netwo
22、rk, even if you cannot control that structure at all. And in some cases, the process feeds back to the network itself. A person with many friends may become rich and then attract even more friends. This richgetricher dynamic means social networks can dramatically reinforce two different kinds of ine
23、quality in our society: situational inequality and positional inequality.Lawmakers have not yet considered the consequences of positional inequality. Still, understanding the way we are connected is an essential step in creating a more just society and in carrying out public policies affecting every
24、thing from public health to the economy. We might be better off vaccinating(接种疫苗) centrally located individuals rather than weak individuals. We might be better off helping interconnected groups of people to avoid criminal behaviour rather than preventing or punishing crimes one at a time.If we want
25、 to understand how society works, we need to fill in the missing links between individuals. We need to understand how interconnections and interactions between people give rise to wholly new aspects of human experience that are not present in the individuals themselves. If we do not understand socia
26、l networks, we cannot hope to fully understand either ourselves or the world we inhabit.4What can be inferred from the first paragraph?AWe cant be easily affected by strangers.BWe are connected and form a social network.CWe have negative effects on other social members.DWe will not make a difference
27、 in a specific group.5Why is a social network like a commonly owned forest?AIt remains healthy and productive.BIt tends to magnify negative things.CIt is creative and shared by people in the whole society.DWhat it creates can be enjoyed by everyone in the network.6We can learn from Paragraph 4 that
28、_.Awhether we are richer depends on the number of friends we makeBthe wealth we possess has nothing to do with individual continuous effortsCsometimes our success may be largely due to our position in social networksDwe wont succeed unless we fully control the overall structure of the network7Whats
29、the authors purpose in writing the passage?ATo introduce the characteristics of social networks.BTo urge people to understand how our society works.CTo show the significance of understanding social networks.DTo explain the possible consequences of ignoring social networks.【答案】4B5D6C7C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章
30、主要论述了人际关系和社会网络的重要性。4推理判断题。根据第一段的内容，尤其是最后一句“As part of a social network, we go beyond ourselves, for good or ill, and become a part of something much larger.（作为社交网络的一部分，无论好坏，我们都超越了自己，成为更大事物的一部分。）”可推知，人与人之间是相互联系、相互影响的，形成了一个社会网络。故选B项。5细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“And what these networks create does not belong to any
31、 one individualit is shared by all those in the network.（这些网络所创造的东西并不属于任何一个个体，而是由网络中的所有人共享的。）”中的shared by all可知，这种网络创造出来的产品并不属于任何个人，是整个网络里面的人所共享的。故选D项。6推理判断题。由第四段第一句“If you are happier or richer or healthier than others, it may have a lot to do with where you happen to be in the network, even if you
32、 cannot recognise your own location.（如果你比别人更快乐、更富有或更健康，这可能与你在网络中所处的位置有很大关系，即使你不能识别自己所处的位置。）”中的where you happen to be可知，你的成功与你所处的社交网有很大的关系。故选C项。7推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是文章最后一句“If we do not understand social networks, we cannot hope to fully understand either ourselves or the world we inhabit.（如果我们不了解社交网络，我们就无法完全了解我们自己或者我们所居住的世界。）”可知，作者写作本文主要是为了阐释社会关系网的重要性。故选C项。C（2021江苏高三模拟）Almost everyone gossips. And a new study finds that people spend about 52 minutes per day, on average,
