1、阅读理解专题系列20092013年高考真题备选题库阅读理解专题系列专题一细节理解(2013课标，D)The National GalleryDescription：The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London.It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13thcentury religiou
2、s paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.Layout：The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side
3、 of the building houses 13th to 15thcentury paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.The main West Wing houses 16thcentury paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titian and Veronese
4、.The North Wing houses 17thcentury paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velzquez, Claude and Vermeer.The East Wing houses 18th to early 20thcentury paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.Opening Hours：The Gallery is ope
5、n every day from 10 am to 6 pm(Fridays 10 am to 9 pm)and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.Getting There：Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross(2minute walk), Leicester Square(3minute walk)，Embankment(7minute walk)，and Piccadilly Circus(8minute walk)语篇解读：本文是英国国家美术馆(The Nati
6、onal Gallery)的参观指南，主要介绍了它的藏品、布局、开放时间及周边的交通状况。68In which centurys collection can you see religious paintings?AThe 13th. BThe 17th.CThe 18th. DThe 20th.解析：选A细节理解题。根据Description部分中的第二句“It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13thcentury religious painting
7、s”可知，在13世纪的藏品中含有宗教绘画作品。69Where are Leonardo da Vincis works shown?AIn the East Wing. BIn the main West Wing.CIn the Sainsbury Wing. DIn the North Wing.解析：选B细节理解题。根据Layout部分中的第二段内容可知，Leonardo da Vinci的作品在“the main West Wing”展出。70Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?APiccadilly
8、 Circus. BLeicester Square.CEmbankment. DCharing Cross.解析：选D细节理解题。根据Getting There部分中提供的信息可知，从Charing Gross至英国国家美术馆走路只需两分钟，因此这个地铁站距离英国国家美术馆最近。(2013课标，D)LowCost Gifts for Mothers DayGift No.1Offer to be your mothers health friend.Promise to be there for any and all doctors visits whether a disease or
9、a regular medical checkup.Most mothers always say “no need，” but another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctors visit.The best part? This one is free.Gift No.2Help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information.Put them all in
10、 one place.Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. “Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mothers life，” Dr.Marie Savard said.Gift No.3Enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. “Buy your mother cotton sheets and comforta
11、ble pillows to encourage better sleep，” Savard said. “We know that good sleep is very important to our health.”Gift No.4Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow you to pay it forward this Mothers Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity (慈善机构). Gi
12、ft givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive things many of which are “green” and then choose a meaningful charity from a list.When your mother gets the gift, she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.68What are you advised to do for your mother at doctors visits?
13、ATake notes. BBe with her.CBuy medicine. DGive her gifts.解析：选B细节理解题。由Gift NO.1中的第二句话“Promise to be there for any and all doctors visits whether a disease or a regular medical checkup.”可知，此处建议读者在医生来访时要陪伴母亲。69What can be a gift of organization for your mother?AKeeping her medical information together.
14、BBuying all gifts for her from one company.CMaking a list of her medical checkups.DStoring her medicines in a safe place.解析：选A细节理解题。根据Gift NO.2的内容可知答案为A项。70Where can you find a gift idea to improve your mothers sleep?AIn Gift No.1. BIn Gift No.2.CIn Gift No.3. DIn Gift No.4.解析：选C细节理解题。由Gift NO.3中的内容
15、可知本题选C。71Buying gifts from Presents for Purpose allows mothers to _.Aenjoy good sleep Bbe wellorganizedCget extra support Dgive others help解析：选D细节理解题。由Gift NO.4中的最后一句可知本题选D。(2013北京，D)MultitaskingPeople who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests.T
16、he findings, based on performances and selfevaluations by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and cant focus on one activity.And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling di
17、fferent things，” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah.Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensationseeking (寻求刺激) or impulstive (冲动) they were.T
18、hey then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those
19、who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.They also were more likely to admit
20、 to sensationseeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.“People multitask not because its going to lead to greater productivity, but because theyre distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important.” Sanbonmatsu said.Adam Gazz
21、aley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldnt find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether peoples recognizing and understanding abilities c
22、hange as a result of multitasking.The findings do suggest, however, why the sensationseekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving.“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations，” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group.“This may part
23、ly explain why people go in for these situations even though theyre dangerous.”语篇解读：本文为一篇科普文，介绍了Sanbonmatsu与他的同事们的一项研究结果：同时做很多事情的人往往会有最糟糕的结果，这是因为这些人做事情不专心，他们不能对潜在的危险作出迅速的反应。67The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask _.Aseek high productivity constantlyBprefer handling diff
24、erent things when getting boredCare more focused when doing many things at a timeDhave the poorest results in doing various things at the same time解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句内容可知，由Sanbonmatsu的研究表明同时做很多事情的人往往会有最差的结果。此外，第三段第二句的内容也是提示。68When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they _.Aasse
25、ssed the multitasking ability of the studentsBevaluated the academic achievements of the studentsCanalyzed the effects of the participants tricky mental tasksDmeasured the changes of the students understanding ability解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句的内容可知，他和同事在进行研究时，评估了学生的多任务处理能力。69According to Sanbonmatsu, peopl
26、e multitask because of their _.Alimited power in calculationBinterests in doing things differentlyCinability to concentrate on one taskDimpulsive desire to try new things解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段后半部分中的“but because they are easily distracted (分心) and cant focus on one activity”可知，人们进行多项任务的原因是他们不具备专注于一项任务的能力。此
27、外，倒数第三段的内容也是提示。70From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually _.Adrive very skillfullyBgo in for difficult tasksCfail to react quickly to potential dangersDrefuse to explain the reasons for their behavior解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive
28、to risky situations”可知，喜欢同时进行多项任务的人一般对危险情况不太敏感，由此可推断他们通常不能对潜在的危险做出快速的反应。(2013浙江，B)Below is a selection from a popular science book. If blood is red, why are veins (静脉) blue?Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear.yellowish colour, Although blood looks red when its outside the b
29、ody, when its sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, its more of a dark reddish purple colour. At the right depth, these bloodfilled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.Which works harder, your heart or your brain?That kind of depends
30、on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercising.Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker.But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy
31、 as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.Why do teeth fall out, and why dont they grow back in grownups?Baby(or “milk”) teeth do not last long; they fall out to make room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed
32、 and infected by bacteria.Once this second set of teeth has grown in, youre done. When theyre gone, theyre gone .This is because nature figures youre set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.Do old people shrink as they age?Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they d
