1、高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第2讲 语法填空素能强化语法填空真题题组1(2017全国)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界) _1. as_ a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side _2. effects
2、_ (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required _3. to process_ (process) the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt
3、_4. are removed_ (remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something. As _5. a_ result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even _6. worse_ (bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food _7. is_ (be) full of fat and salt； by _8. eatin
4、g_ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However，be _9. careful_ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything，it is possibl
5、e to have too much of both， _10. which_ is not good for the health. 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示“作为一种抵御心脏病的方式”，所以填as，意为“作为”。解析：考查名词复数。这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的“some”及空后的“such as overweight and heart disease”可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词复数形式effects。解析：考查非谓语动词。be required
6、 to do sth. 为固定用法。解析：考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又fat and salt是动词remove的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。解析：考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。解析：考查比较级。短语even worse意为“更糟糕的是”，表示意义的递进。故用worse。解析：考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为fast food，故填is。解析：考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。解析：考查形
7、容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful“当心的”构成系表结构。解析：考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。2(2016全国)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires，Asias biggest building，and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me，pandas are its top _1. attraction_ (attract). So it was a great honour to be invited b
8、ackstage at the notforprofit Panda Base，where ticket money helps pay for research，I _2. was allowed_ (allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre. From tomorrow，I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be _3. officially_ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But
9、my connection with pandas goes back _4. to_ my days on a TV show in the mid1980s， _5. when_ I was the first Western TV reporter _6. permitted_ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include _7. introducing_ (introduce) Brit
10、ish visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. On my recent visit，I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by _8. its_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few _9. days_ (day) with his sister so that whi
11、le one is being bottlefed， _10. the_ other is with mumshe never suspects. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的成都之旅及其与大熊猫之间的故事。解析：考查词性转换。但对于像我一样的游客，熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物。由形容词性物主代词its以及形容词top可知此处应该填动词attract的名词形式attraction，意为“向往之地，有吸引力的事”。解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的“was”表明此处应用一般过去时，故填was allowed。解析：考查词性转换。修饰
12、动词应该用副词，所以填officially。解析：考查介词。go back to是固定搭配，意为“追溯到”。解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when。解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，permit与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故填过去分词permitted作后置定语，相当于that/who was permitted。解析：考查非谓语动词。动词include后需跟动名词作宾语，所以此空填introducing。解析：考查代词。由语境及后面的名词mother可知，此空应该填it的形容词性物主代词its。解析：考查名词。由few修饰
13、可数名词复数可知，此空填days。every few days是“每隔几天”的意思。解析：考查冠词。这里考查的是one. . . the other. . . 这一固定搭配，意为“一个另一个”。3(2017浙江卷)Last October，while tending her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small _1. carrots_ (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer，and s
14、he noticed a _2. shiny/shining_ (shine) object. Yes，there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her longlost wedding ring. Pahlsson screamed _3. so_ loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt _4. myself_ (I)，”says Pahlsson. Sixteen years _5. earlier_ (early)
15、，Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring _6. to cook_ (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later，it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughtersthen ten，eight，and sixhad picked it up，but the girls said they hadnt. Pahlsson and her husband _7. searched_ (search) the kitchen
16、，checking every corner，but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again，” she says. She never replaced it. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got _8. swept_ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden， _9. where_ it remained until the carrot
17、s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson，its return was _10. a_ wonder. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。丢失多年的钻戒竟然在主人打理花园时不经意地出现了。这多么令人激动啊！解析：考查名词复数。a handful of一把，几个，后接可数名词的复数形式。a handful of carrots几个胡萝卜。解析：考查词性转换之动词变为形容词。空格处修饰名词object，故用形容词。shine的形容词形式为shiny或shining，意为“闪闪发光的”。解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，
18、so与后面的that构成句型so. . . that. . . ，意为“如此以至于”。so修饰副词loudly。解析：考查反身代词。句意为“她原本以为我伤到了自己”。解析：考查副词的比较级。sixteen years earlier意为“早在16年前”。解析：考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。莉娜当时摘掉钻戒的目的是做饭，故用动词不定式表目的。解析：考查时态。该句中but后的turned up使用了过去式，search是与之并列的谓语动词，故也应使用过去式。解析：考查get done结构。get swept“被扫掉”。解析：考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在的句子是定语从句，修饰前面
19、的先行词the garden，且从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。解析：考查冠词。a wonder一个奇迹。4(2015全国)Yangshuo，ChinaIt was raining lightly when I _1. arrived_ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt care. A few hours _2. before/earlier_ ，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with _3. its_ (it) choking smog. Here，the air was clea
20、n and fresh，even with the rain. Id skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _4. that/which_ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _5. paintings_ (painting). Instead，Id headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to
21、Guilin，its only an hour away _6. by_ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city. Yangshuo _7. is_ (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers _8. conducted_ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a
22、 popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it _9. regularly_ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people _10. living_ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。解析：句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。解析：句意
23、：几个小时前，我还在香港的家里。注意不可以用ago。解析：句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用its。解析：句意：漓江被许多艺术家所绘画。考查定语从句。先行词为Li River，在从句中作主语。解析：句意：在如此多的中国绘画中。painting为可数名词，注意用复数形式。解析：句意：乘汽车只需要1个小时。by car乘汽车。解析：句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。这里用一般现在时。 解析：句意：一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。解析：句意：定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。用副词修饰动词。解析：句意：住在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。模拟题组1(2018洛阳市一模)The
24、Palace Museum，known as the Forbidden City，is the _1. largest_ (large) and most well _2. reserved_ (reserve) imperial(皇帝的) residence in China today. It is divided into an outer and an inner court with a rectangular shape,961 meters long from north to south and 753 meters in _3. width_ (wide) from eas
25、t to west. It has a splendid history since the Ming Dynasty，and it _4. was rebuilt_ (rebuild) and repaired many times in the past. I was so excited to visit it _5. with_ my family last summer vacation. After we passed through the Front Gate，a lot of palaces appeared. The tour guide told us there wer
26、e almost 8,700 rooms in the Palace Museum. During the Ming Dynasty，construction began in 1406. _6. It_ took 14 years to build the Forbidden City. I was _7. really_ (real) surprised that the workers could build it so well _8. that_ even today it is not out of style. I could not remember all the names
27、 of the buildings，but I took hundreds of beautiful _9. photos_ (photo) on the way. I think I will never forget the _10. amazing_ (amaze) trip I had in Beijing，China and I can go there next time with my friends. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为游客介绍了自己的故宫之行，并表达了自己对这次行程难以忘怀的心情以及希望和朋友再次参观的愿望。解析：考查形容词最高级。被称为紫禁城的故宫是中国现
28、存最大、保存最完整的皇家宫殿。根据空前的“the”及空后的“and most”可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式。故用large的最高级largest。解析：考查非谓语动词。reserve和它所修饰的名词residence之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示“保存最完整的”，故应用过去分词reserved作定语。解析：考查词性转换。in是介词，故应用名词width。解析：考查动词的时态和语态。rebuild和主语it之间是被动关系；根据时间状语in the past可知，此处应用一般过去时，故应填was rebuilt。解析：考查介词。和家人一块儿参观故宫使作者感觉很兴奋。表示“和一起”应用介词wit
29、h。解析：考查固定句型。“It takes sb. time to do sth. ”为固定句型，意为“花费某人多长时间做某事”，故此处应用It作形式主语。解析：考查副词。此处修饰形容词surprised，应用副词，故用really。解析：考查连词。工人们将它建得如此好以至于现在它仍然没有过时。so. . . that. . . “如此以至于”为固定结构，其中that为连词，引导从句，故此处应用that。解析：考查名词复数。hundreds of后面用可数名词复数形式，故用photos。解析：考查形容词。trip是名词，表事物，应该用形容词修饰，故用amazing“令人惊奇的”。2(2018山
30、西省八校第一次联考)A group of students ranging from Years 9 to 13 are benefiting from a schedule which is run by the Confucius Institute (孔子学院) at Newcastle University，which aims _1. to build_ (build) closer academic，cultural and social ties between China and the North East of England. Staff at the institute
31、 work _2. patiently_ (patient) with schools and the other day the pupils took part in weekly afterschool sessions with teacher Qiang Xingdi _3. who/that_ gave them an introduction to the Chinese language and culture. Already the pupils _4. have been awarded_ (award) certificates of achievement from the institute. They are making rapid progress in learning Chinese now. Adam said，“I have always had an interest _5. in_ Chinese culture and this course has been a great way to teach me all about it. ”Confucius Institutes are worldwide nonprofit public institut
