1、裕兴新概念英语第2册笔记 第03课完10Lesson 3 Please send me a card 请给我寄一张明信片How many cards did the writer send?Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines
2、, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!参考译文 明信
3、片总搅得我假日不得安宁。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我一本书。我读了几行，但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了床，买来了37张明信片。我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！一、单词讲解New words and expressionssend (sent, sent) v. 寄，送postcard n. 明信片spoil (spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然无味，损坏museum n. 博物馆p
4、ublic adj. 公共的friendly adj. 友好的waiter n. 服务员，招待员lend (lent, lent) v. 借给decision n. 决定whole adj. 整个的single adj. 唯一的，单一的send 寄，送，派遣，打发cause sb to go or sth to be taken without going oneself (send sent sent )1) 加双宾语send sb sth = send sth to sb 把东西寄给某人例. send me a postcard = send a postcard to me 寄给我一张明
5、信片例. I sent my mother a present on Mothers day. 在母亲节那天我寄给妈妈一份礼物。 =I sent a present to my mother on Mothers day.2) 加单宾语 send sth 寄什么东西 send sb 派遣，打发某人 send a letter 寄一封信 send a parcel 寄一个包裹 send the children to bed 打发孩子去睡觉3）send sb my love = give sb my love 代我向致意例. Please send your sister my love. 请把
6、我的问候带给你的姐姐。 =Please send my love to your sister.例. Please say hello to your brother. = Please say hi to your brother. 代我问候你的哥哥。例. Remember me to your parents. 代我问候你的父母。 正式的表达Give my regards to your parents. 更为正式的表达4）send for sb 派人去请，去叫 send for sth 派人去请，去叫 send for a doctor 派人去叫医生 send for a taxi 去叫
7、一辆出租车postcard n. 明信片card 卡片；贺卡a Christmas card 圣诞卡片； a birthday card 生日卡片； a get-well card 康复卡； an identity card 身份证 a post card 明信片cards 纸牌 a pack of cards 一副纸牌1）ones best card = ones strongest card 某人最好的一张牌，王牌，绝招2) give sb his cards 开出，解雇某人（非正式表达）3）lay ones cards on the table = put ones cards on t
8、he table 摊牌post n. /v. 邮，寄post-bag 邮袋； post-box (U.S.: mail box) 邮筒，邮箱；post-code 邮政编码post office 邮局； postman (U.S.: mailman) 邮递员； post mark 邮戳post-free 免付邮资的，邮资已付的； post-paid 邮资已付的spoil-spoiled-spoiled 使索然无味，损坏，破坏，糟蹋 -spoilt-spoilt 英式英语中多用不规则形式： dreamt; spoilt (Br)美式英语中多用规则形式： dreamed; spoiled (Am)不
9、管英式或美式英语，用过去分词作定语的时候，只用不规则形式。a spoilt child 一个被惯坏的孩子；spoilt milk 坏了的牛奶；a misspelt word拼错的字1) v. 破坏，使没劲 make sth useless, valueless or unsatisfactory; ruin 例. Bad weather spoilt our holidays. 坏天气破坏了我们的假期。例. The bad news spoilt my day. 这个坏消息让我一天不开心破坏了我一天的心情。例. Postcards always spoil my holidays. 明信片总是
10、破坏我的假期。2）v. 娇惯，宠坏，溺爱(尤指儿童)例. That little girl is terribly spoilt her parents give her everything she asks for.那个小女孩被惯坏了，他的父母亲给她任何她想要的东西。例. Spare the rod and spoil the child. (谚) 孩子不打不成器。例. Everybody enjoys being spoilt from time to time. 谁都喜欢偶尔被人宠一下。museum n. 博物馆museum piece 1) 适合博物馆展览的精品 2）老古董（贬）例.
11、 This old radio of yours is a bit of museum piece; it is about time you got a new one. 你这个旧收音机早该进博物馆了，早该换个新的了。public 1) adj. 公众的，与公众有关的 （通常做定语） 反义词 private 私人的，个人的 都做定语a public garden 公园； public affairs 公事； public education 民众教育public health 民众健康； public libraries 公共图书馆； the public highway 公路2）n. 公众
12、，民众the public 民众，公众in public: openly 公开的，公然的 （反义词：in private 私自的，私下的）例. She apologized to the public in public for her mistakes. 她公开的向公众对她所犯的错误道歉。friendly adj. 友好的friend n. 朋友 1) make friends with sb 和某人交朋友2) A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真的朋友。3) close friends 密友 bosom friend 知己4) boy f
13、riend 男朋友 girl friend 女朋友friendly adj. 友好的friendly nations 友邦；a friendly smile 一个友好的微笑a friendly welcome 友好的欢迎； a friendly manner 友好的态度ly 结尾的形容词：friendly友好的 lonely 孤独的 silly 蠢的 brotherly 兄长般的lovely 可爱的 deadly 致命的 likely 可能的waiter (饭店，旅馆，餐厅等) 服务员 waitress 女服务员 -ess 女性的象征 actor演员 actress 女演员； prince 王
14、子 princess 王妃，公主 tiger 老虎 tigress 雌虎lend v. 借，借出去 lend-lent-lent lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 借给某人某物borrow sth for sb 向某人借某物例. Can you lend me 200 yuan? 你能借给我200块钱吗？ Ill pay you back tomorrow. 我明天就还给你。例. I lent that CD to John but never got it back. 我把cd借给John了，但是再也拿不回了。lend sb a hand = give sb help 帮
15、谁忙； lend sb an ear (耐心地)倾听 be living on borrowed time 大难不死；lender 出借人，贷方； borrower 借东西的人，借方decision n. 决定 decide v. 决定decide to do 决定做某事； make up ones mind to do 下定决心做例. I decided to study another foreign language. 我决定再学一门语言。 =I made up my mind to study another foreign language.例. With so many choic
16、es, its hard to decide which to buy. 这么多选择，真不知道该买哪个。例. Its difficult to decide between the two. 这两者之间很难选择。decision n.决定 make a decision 做出决定reach a decision come to a decision arrive at a decision 做出决定例. On the last day of my holiday, I made a big decision.假期的最后一天，我下了一个大大决心。例. Anyone who lacks decis
17、ion shouldnt be a leader. 那些缺乏决定能力的人是不能当领导的。whole 1) adj. 完全的，整体的，全部的； 相当于 entire; complete 作为形容词，作定语来使用。 a whole day 一整天； three whole days 三整天 the whole country 全国； the whole world 全世界例. Lets forget the whole affair. 我们忘了这件事情吧。把它彻底忘掉吧。 =Lets forget the whole matter/thing.2）n. 整个，整体例. Four quarters
18、make a whole. 四个四分之一构成一个整体。 quarter n. 四分之一，一季度，一刻钟例. Cut the apple into quarters. 把苹果切成四瓣。 half n. 一半 例. Two halves make a whole. 两个一半构成一个整体。例. Half of the work is done. 一半工作被完成了。 as a whole 整个地； on the whole 总的来说，一般来讲例. On the whole, I agree with your decision. 总的来说，我同意你的观点。wholesale 批发 wholesaler
19、 批发商 retail 零售 retail dealer / retail trader 零售商 single 1) adj. 唯一的，单一的 only onea single letter 唯一的一封信；a single apple hanging from the tree 树上挂着唯一的苹果a single ticket 单程票 a round ticket / a return ticket 往返票2) adj. 未婚的，独身的single men and women 单身男女 married 已婚的3） adj. 单独一个人使用的a single bed 单人床 a double b
20、ed 双人床a single room 单人房间 a double room 双人房间4) adj. single-parent 单亲； a single-parent family 一个单亲家庭二、关键句型 Key Structures Simple past 一般过去时1.功能：表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间之内发生的动作或情况，通常搭配过去的某一段时间。例. We visited the school last year. 我们去年参观了这个学校。2.构成形式:1) 规则变化： v. + edwalked, happened 不规则变化： eat ate go went see saw
21、 come came 2) be was / were 例. I wasnt in yesterday. 我昨天不在家。例. I went to school by bike when I was young. 当我年轻的时候我骑车去上学。体会动词的过去式 Policeman: Did you see the accident, sir? 先生，你看到那个事故了吗？Man: Yes, I did. The driver of that car hit that post over there. 是的，我看到了。那个司机撞倒那个杆子上去。 hit hit hit P: What happened
22、? 发生什么事了？M: A dog ran across the road and the driver tried to avoid it. The car suddenly came towards me. It climbed on to the pavement and crashed into that post. 一条狗穿过马路，那位司机企图躲开狗。突然，汽车朝我开过来。它走上人行道，撞倒那根杆子上。pavement:人行道P: What did you do? 你做了什么？M: I ran across the street after the dog. 我穿过马路去追狗。P:
23、Why did you do that? Were you afraid of the car? 你为什么这样做呢？ 你怕汽车吗？M: I wasnt afraid of the car. I was afraid of the driver. The driver got out of the car and began shouting at me. He was very angry with me. You see, it was my dog. 我不怕汽车。我怕那个司机。那个司机下车并对我大喊。他对我很生气，你知道的，那是我的狗。一般过去时与一般现在时的区别：Her brother
24、was an artist. 他的哥哥是一个艺术家。(was表示已去世)Her brother is an artist. 他的哥哥是一个艺术家。(尚健在)Thats all I had to say. 这是我要说的。(话已说完)Thats all I have to say. 这是我要说的。(言之未尽)It was so nice to see you. 我真高兴见到你。(离别时说)It is so nice to see you. 我真高兴见到你。（见面时说）一般过去时的练习：My friend, Roy, _ (die) last year. He _ (leave) me his CD
25、 player and his collection of CDs. Roy _ (spend) a lot of money on CDs. He _ (buy) one or two new CDs every week. He never _ (go) to the cinema or to the theatre. He _ (stay) at home every evening and _ (listen) to music. He often _ (lend) CDs to his friends. Sometimes they _ (keep) them. He _ (lose
26、) many CDs in this way. 答案：died left spent bought went stayed listened lent kept lost三、课文讲解TextPostcards always spoil my holidays. always 总是（频度副词）holiday 较长的假期a holiday 指一天的假期 holidays 较长的假期 不能指一天的假期 go on holiday 去度假 be on holiday 正在度假vacation 1) 法定假日 （宗教假日，国家庆典）英美都用holiday。2) 每年的例行休假，英式 holiday， 美
27、式 vacationleave 指雇员因某种原因而获准休假 ask for a leave 请假 take French leave 不辞而别 leave in an English style 不辞而别(法) Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens.Italy 意大利 Italian 意大利语；意大利人public garden 公园A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.teachteach sb sth 双宾语 toug
28、ht me a few words of Italianteach myself English 自学英语teach sb a lesson / give sb a lesson 教训某人一顿 teach sb to do sth 教某人去做某事teach fish to swim 班门弄斧=teach your grandmother to suck eggs educate 知识和智慧全面的培养，通常由学校进行的正规教育。 teach 指某一学科或某种技能的各种教育程度。coach 非正规的教导，可能为某一学科进行辅导，或对体育运动进行指导。train 训练，使在行为，技能或体能上达到要求
29、。instruct 教授某人学校科目；传授某人技巧；指导；命令word n.1) 词 new words and expressions 生词和短语2) 话，语言 例. I dont believe a word of his story. 他的故事我一句也不相信。3) 消息例. Word came that he had run into trouble. 有消息传来说他现在麻烦了。短语 例. Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于语言。（Idiom）have a word in sbs ear 和某人说句悄悄话have a word with sb 和某
30、人说一句话have words with sb 和某人吵架 have word from sb 听到，收到某人消息 Then he lent me a book. lend sb sth 借给某人什么东西I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. read read read ri:d red redEvery day I thought about postcards. think about + n. /doing 思考，思索，回想，想起例. Do you often think about your childhood? 你经
31、常回想你的童年时代吗？think of 考虑，想起，记起例. I thought of postcards. 我总是想起明信片。My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. 1) pass v. (passed) 2) send sth to sb=send sb sth 寄给某人什么东西。例. I did not send cards to my friends. = I didnt send my friends postcards.我没有给我的朋友寄明信片。On the last day I made a big decision. make a decision 做出决定I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent
