1、高中英语词法专题形容词副词精品教案高中英语词法专题形容词、副词精品教案 英语词法专题讲座七:形容词、副词I 形容词一、形容词的一般用法1 作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。 Its a ld and ind da2 作表语,放在系动词的后面。(l, feel, sell, sund) He ls happ tda3 形容词修饰sething,anthing,nthing,everthing等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。 uld u lie sething ht t drin?4 表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。 H lng is the river? Its abut t
2、 hundred etres lng 只能作表语的形容词:afraid;alne;asleep;aae;alive;ell健康的;ill;frightenedThe an is ill(正)The ill an is unle(误)6 只能作定语的形容词:little小的;nl唯一的;den木质的;len羊毛质的;elder年长的 elder brther is in Beiing(正) brther is elder (误)7 貌似副词的形容词:lnel;friendl;livel;lvel 二、形容词常用句型1 “Its +ad+f+sb +不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。=Sb +
3、be +ad+t d sth 注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如gd,ind,nie,plite,lever,flish,laz,areful,areless,right(正确的),rng等。Its ver ind f u t help e(=u are ver ind t help e)2 “Its+ad +fr+sb +不定式”表示“做某事对某人说怎么样”。=T d sth is ad fr sb 注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有iprtant,neessar,diffiult,eas,hard,dangerus,safe,useful,pleasant,interest
4、ing,ipssible等。Its nt eas fr the t learn a freign language(=T learn a freign language is nt eas fr the)3 表示感情或情绪的形容词,如glad,pleased,sad,thanful等常接不定式。I ver sad t hear the bad nes4 表示能力和意志的形容词,如read(乐意的,有准备的),able(有能力的),sure(一定),ertain(一定)等常接不定式。Lei Feng is alas read t help thersHe is sure t get t shl
5、n tie副词 一、副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为:方式副词:ell,fast,sll,arefull,quil程度副词:ver,uh,enugh,alst,rather,quite地点副词:here,there,ut,sehere,abrad,he时间副词:tda,earl,sn,n,then,reentl,still频度副词:alas,ften,usuall,seties,seld,never否定副词:n,nt,neither,nr疑问副词:here,h,h其他: als,t,nl二、副词的基本用法:1) 副词是用修饰形容词、动词、其他副词, 一般放在被修饰词之前He plas the p
6、ian ver ell 2) 副词是用修饰动词, 常放在动词之后He gt up quil3) enugh 修饰ad /adv 时, 放在其后He is ld enugh t g t shl三、常见副词用法辨析1 alread与et的区别alread用于肯定句句中,表示“已经”;et用于否定句句末,表示“还”,用于疑问句句末,表示“已经” He had_left hen I alledHave u fund ur ruler_?2 ver,uh和ver uh 的区别ver用于修饰形容词或副词的原级;uh用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级;修饰动词要用ver uhhn is _ hnestThis g
7、arden is_ bigger than that neThan u _3 s与suh的区别s修饰形容词或副词;suh 修饰名词, brther runs s fast that I ant fll hiHe is suh a bs+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数suh+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数suh+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词He is _ lever a b =He is _ a lever bIt is_ld eather The are _gd students名词前有an, uh, fe, little (少量的) 用s 不用suh (多多少少仍用s)但little 表
8、示 “小的” 用suhThere are _ little sheep n the hill 4 als,t,as ell与either 的区别als,as ell,t,用于肯定句,als常用于be动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前;as ell,t用于句末;either用于否定句中,置于句末。例如, father is a teaher ther is _a teaher= father is a teaher ther is a teaher _= father is a teaher ther is a teaher,_I ant spea Frenh enn ant spea F
9、renh,_ setie,seties,se tie与se ties的区别setie:表示将的或过去的某一个不确定的时间。seties:有时,不时的= at ties se tie:一段时间se ties:几次,几倍ell have a test _next nth_ e are bus and seties e are ntHe staed in Beiing fr _ last earI have been t Beiing _6 ag与befre的区别ag表示以现在为起点的“以前”,常与一般过去时连用,不可以单独使用。befre指过去或将的某时刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成时连用,可
10、以单独使用。I sa hi ten inutes _He tld e that he had seen the fil_7 n,ust与ust n的区别n:与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用,意为“现在”ust:与现在完成时连用,表示“刚”ust n:和过去时连用,表示“刚才”here des he live_?e have _ seen the fil He as here_ 8 lnel / alne 的区别1) alne 独自一人/没有同伴, 既可作ad 也可作adv2) lnel 表示孤独, 寂寞, 也可修饰地点, 表示荒凉, 偏僻的,常与feel 连用。3) alne 只作表语
11、 (以a开头的形容词一般只作表语, 不作定语)而lnel 既可作表语, 也可作定语)He lives _ n a _ island He is _ , but he desnt feel _9 fast /quil /sn 的区别fast 表示速度之快 quil表示动作之快 sn表示时间之快I leaving he this afternn Reall ? h s _?A fast B sn quil D earl 、形容词,副词的比较级、最高级 一、规则变化1 一般在词尾直接加er或est, tall-taller-tallest,lng-lnger-lngest2 以不发音的字母e结尾的单
12、词在词尾直接加r或st, nie-nier-niest3 以辅音字母+结尾的词,把变为i,再加er或est, heav-heavier-heaviest4 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est, big-bigger-biggest注: 大, 红, 湿, 热, 悲, 瘦, 胖 双写末辅再变级(big/red/et/ht/sad/thin/fat ) 部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加re构成比较级和st构成最高级, beautiful-re beautiful-st beautiful注: 表示否定意义在其前加less /least iprtant-less
13、iprtant-least iprtant English is re interesting than hinese =hinese is less interesting than English 6 由 “形容词+l”构成的副词, 在其前加re/ st sll-re sll-st sll;但earlearlier-earliest 二、不规则变化原级比较级最高级gd/ellbetterbestan/uhrestlittlelessleastldld / elderld /eldestbad/badl/illrserstfarfarther (距离)/further(程度)farthest
14、 /furthest下列单、双音节词只能加re和st原级比较级最高级lie(想似的)re liest liereal(真的)re realst real tiredre tiredst tired pleasedre pleasedst pleasedftenre ftenst ften注: 形容词, 副词同形有: ba, high, ell, fast, earl, late, straight 形容词,副词等级的用法一、原级的用法1 只能修饰原级的词,ver,quite,s,tHe is t tired t al n brther runs s fast that I ant fll hi
15、2 原级常用的句型结构(1)A= B-A+ as +ad / adv的原级+ as +B 表示 “A和B一样”T is as ld as ateT runs as fast as ie (2)AB-A +nt+as/s+形容词原级+as+B 表示 “A不如B”This r is nt as/s big as that ne He desnt al as sll as u二、比较级的用法1 可以修饰比较级的词uh,a lt,far,的多a little,a bit,一点儿even甚至,still仍然Lessn ne is uh easier than Lessn T T ls even unge
16、r than befre2 比较级常用的句型结构“甲+形容词/副词的比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”T is taller than ate I gt up earlier than ther this rning三 最高级的用法1) 结构: the +最高级+ f +人或物( in +地点)He is the tallest f all the bs He rs hardest in his lass 注: 副词的最高级前the 可省掉2) the +序数词+形容词的最高级+单数名词The ell River is the send lngest river in hina 3) ne
17、f +the +形容词的最高级+复数名词He is ne f the leverest students in ur lass 4) “特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲,乙,r丙?”用于三者以上的比较。hih seasn d u lie (the) best,spring,suer r autun?四 级别的转换1) 原级与比较级的转换a) 倍数+ as as (倍数-1)+比较级+than This r is five ties as big as that ne = This r is_ _bigger than that ne b) nt asas 与比较级的转换 A +nt as
18、as + B A+比较级(反义词的比较级) +than +B B+比较级+than+A ar is nt as ld as T = ar is _ _ T = T is _ _ arThis b is nt as expensive as that ne = This b is _ _ than that ne = That b is _ _than this ne 2) 比较级与最高级的转换a) the +最高级+ f / in b) 比较级+than+an ther +单数名词 +the ther +复数名词 +anne else +an f the ther+复数名词) Nbd else
19、 + 比较级 + than T is the tallest b in ur lass T is taller than _ _ b in ur lassT is taller than _ _ in ur lass_ _ is taller than T in ur lass五 级别的惯用法1 “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越越”。He is getting taller and taller2 “the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越,越”。The re areful u are,the feer istaes ull ae3“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+f the t+”表示“甲
20、是两者中较的”。(f the tins/parents)L at the t bs brther is the taller f the t 4 当ad 的最高级前有物主代词, 名词所有格, 指示代词时, 不用the This is best b f all 相比较的前后两部分必须是同类比较 penil is lnger than _(u)6 比较时不能与自身相比注: 当相比较的两者属于同一范围/类别时, 为了与自身相比较, 要用an ther +单数名词 若两者不属于同一范围/类别时, 不必用ther, 直接用an + 单数名词He is taller than _ b in his lassHe is taller than _b in ur lass A an B an ther 7 有些含有比较级的句子里,常用that(单数、不可数名词)、thse (复数名词)代替前面提到的词,以避免重复。The eather in Beiing is lder than _ in Guangzhu in inter The bs in ur lass are re than _ in ur lass